thoracolumbar Flashcards
most mobile spinal segment
cervical
pero in theory thoracic but mobility is negated by the ribs
usual spinal segment involved c neck dysfunction
cervical but thoracic should also be considered d/t upper crossed syndrome
what is mitchelle’s rule of 3
usual MOI for T1-T8
flexion injury
site of thoracic spine most commonly injured
T9-L2
usual MOI for L3-sacrum
axial load injuries
what to consider if pt is betw 15-40
disc herniation
what to consider if pt is betw 18-45
ankylosing spondylosis lalo na if male
what to consider if pt is > 45
OA and spondylosis
what to consider if pt is > 50
malignancy
what to consider if pt is betw 12-13
scoliosis lalo if female
what to consider if pt is betw 13-16
scheuremann’s disease or juvenile kyphosis
what to consider if pt has asthma
barrel chest
what to consider if pt is male
AS and stress on low back
what to consider if pt is female
LBP bcs of heels = inc lordosis
idiopathic scoliosis
possible condition if pain in flexion
acute IV disc herniation bcs it protrudes more
possible condition if pain in extension
facet injury since it closes and irritates each other = naiipit
possible condition if pain in dermatome/myotome
neurological affectation
possible condition if pain is proximal to distal
radicular or nerve root
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in LBP
neurogenic - frequent LBP
vascular - not as common
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in standing
neurogenic - provocative
vascular - not provocative
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in weakness
neurogenic - (+)
vascular - (-) unless chronic talaga
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in direction of radiation
neurogenic - downward
vascular - upward
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in reflex changes
neurogenic - affected reflex
vascular - reflex is unaffected
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in Arterial pulse
neurogenic - normal
vascular - decreased or heightened
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in walking uphill
neurogenic - later symptoms
vascular - early symptoms
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in walking downhill
neurogenic - early symptoms
vascular - later symptoms
compare neurogenic and vascular affectation in bicycle
neurogenic - not provocative
vascular - provocative
MMT of L2
hip flexors
MMT of L3
knee ext
MMT of L5
big toe ext
MMT of S1
ankle pflex, everison and hip ext
MMT of S2
knee flexors
tests for thoracic spine
slump test
passive scapular approx
first thoracic nerve root stretch
tests for neurologic dysfunction in lumbar spine
slump
SLR
prone knee bending
brudzinski-kernig
valsalva maneuver
femoral nerve traction
babinski
oppenheim
gluteal skyline
tests for joint dysfunction in lumbar spine
stork standing
schober’s test
tests for muscle tightness in lumbar spine
thomas
ober
90-90 SLR
rectus femoris
in a normal S curve scoliosis what is found on convex side
elevated scap
body of vertebrae
rib hump
pelvic hike - tight QL
in a normal S curve scoliosis what is found on concave side
tight muscles
spinous process
how to DD structural and non-structural scoliosis
adam’s test may rib hump sa structural
nawalala or diminished pag non-structural
usual cause of structural scoliosis
idiopathic
congenital
neuromuscular
neurofibromatosis
disease of vertebra
MMT of L4
ankle dflex
