Thoracic Limb Flashcards
Superficial pectoral
O: first 2 sternebrae and usually part of the third; ventral raphe
I: whole crest of the greater tubercle of humerus
A: adduct limb when weight bearing, or prevent limb from being abducted when bearing weight
IV: ventral branch of spinal nerves C7 C8
AR: External thoracic artery
Brachiocephalicus
O: clavicular intersection
I: Dorsal medial raphe of neck and mastoid process
A: Advance limb, extend shoulder, laterally flex neck
IV: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves and accessory nerve
AR: Superficial cervical artery
Cutaneous truncai
O: Superficial fascia of trunk I: Caudal border of deep pectoral and fascia of medial A: Twitch skin IV: lateral thoracic nerve AR: Lateral thoracic artery
Deltoideus
O: Spine and acromion of scapula I: Deltoid tuberosity A: Flex shoulder IV: Axillary nerve AR: Superficial cervical artery; caudal circumflex humeral
Deep pectoral
O: ventral part of the sternum add the fibrous raphe; deep abdominal fascia in region of xiphoid cartilage
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus, aponeurosis to greater tubercle and crest, caudal part to medial brachial fascia
A: When limb advanced and in supporting position: to pull trunk cranially and to extend shoulder joint. When limb not supporting weight: to draw limb caudally and flex the shoulder joint. Adduct limb
IV: Caudal pectoral nerves C8, T1
Sternocephalicus
O: First sternebra or manubrium
I: Mastoid part of temporal bone and nuchal crest of occipital bone
A: Draw head and neck to side
IV: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves
Sternohyoideus
O: First sternebra and first costal cartilage
I: Basihyoid bone
A: Pull tongue and larynx caudally
IV: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves
Sternothyroideus
O: First costal cartilage
I: Caudolateral surface of thyroid cartilage
A: Pull tongue and larynx caudally
IV: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves and hypolossal nerve
Omotransversarius
O: Distal end of scapular spine
I: Wing of atlas
A: Advance limb or flex neck laterally
IV: Accessory nerve
Trapezius
O: Median raphe of neck and supraspinous ligament
I: Spine of scapula
A: Elevate and abduct forelimb
IV: Accessory nerve
Rhomboideus
O: Nuchal crest of occipital bone; median fibrous raphe of neck; spinous processes of first 7 vertebrae
I: Dorsal border and adjacent surfaces of scapula
A: Elevate forelimb and draw scapula against trunk
IV: Ventral branches of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
Latissimus Dorsi
O: Thoracolumbar fascia from spinous processes of lumbar and last 7 or 8 thoracic vertebrae; a muscular attachment to the last 2 or 3 ribs
I: Teres major tuberosity of humerus and teres minor tendon
A: Draw free limb caudally as in digging, flex shoulder joint
IV: Thoracodorsal nerve C7, C8, T1
Serratus ventralis
O: Transverse processes of the last 5 cervical vertebrae and the first 7 or 8 ribs ventral to the middle
I: Serrated face of scapula
A: Support trunk and depress scapula
IV: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves and the long thoracic nerve C7
Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Lateral side of greater tubercle of humerus
A: Extend or flex joint, abduct shoulder and rotate humerus laterally. To prevent medial rotation when weight bearing and provide lateral stability to shoulder joint
IV: Suprascapular nerve
Teres minor
O: Infraglenoid tubercle and distal third of the caudal border of the scapula
I: Teres minor tuberosity of humerus
A: Flex shoulder, rotate shoulder laterally, and prevent medially rotation when bearing weight
IV: Axillary nerve
Supraspinatus
O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Extend and stabilize shoulder joint
IV: Suprascapular nerve
Subscapularis
O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
A: To adduct, extend, and medially stabilize shoulder joint. To rotate the shoulder joint medially and prevent lateral rotation when bearing weight.
IV: Subscapular nerve
Teres major
O: Caudal angle and caudal border of scapula; caudal surface of subscapularis
I: Major tuberosity of humerus
A: Flex shoulder joint, rotate shoulder joint medially, prevent lateral rotation when weight bearing
IV: Axillary nerve
Coracobrachialis
O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus proximal to terms major tuberosity
A: Adduct, extend, and stabilize shoulder joint
IV: Musculocutaneous nerve
Tensor fasciae antebrachii
O: Fascia covering the lateral side of latissimus dorsi
I: Olecranon
A: Extend elbow joint
IV: Radial nerve
Triceps brachii
O: Caudal border of scapula
I: Olecranon tuber
A: Extend elbow joint and flex shoulder joint
IV: Radial nerve
Lateral head of triceps
O: Tricipital line of humerus
I: Olecranon
A: Extend elbow joint
IV: Radial nerve
Accessory head of triceps
O: Neck of humerus
I: Olecranon
A: extend elbow joint
IV: Radial nerve
Medial head of triceps
O: Crest of lesser tubercle near trees major tuberosity
I: Olecranon
A: Extend elbow joint
IV: radial nerve
Anconeus
O: Lateral supracondylar crest and lateral and medial epicondyle of humerus
I: olecranon
A: Extend elbow joint
IV: Radial nerve
Biceps brachii
O: Supraglenoid tubercle
I: Ulnar and radial tuberosities
A: Flex elbow joint and extend shoulder joint
IV: Musculocutaneous nerve
Brachialis
O: Proximal third of lateral surface of humerus
I: Ulnar and radial tuberosities
A: Flex elbow joint
IV: Musculocutaneous nerve
