Thoracic Flashcards
What is the Haller index, and at what value should you consider surgery?
The Haller index is calculated by dividing the transverse diameter of the chest by the anterior-posterior distance on CT of the chest on the axial slice that demonstrates the smallest distance between the anterior surface of the vertebral body and the posterior surface of the sternum. Some authors have found that both radiographic- (plain film) and CT-calculated Haller indices are strongly correlated and thus recommend the use of chest radiography instead of CT to minimize the radiation exposure.
The following values are used:
normal chest: <2.0
mild excavatum: 2.0-3.2.
moderate excavatum: 3.2-3.5
severe excavatum: >3.5
Corrective surgery is considered for a Haller index of greater than or equal to 3.25
Answer: Annual CT scan surviellence.
Answer: Induction chemoradiotherapy, then lobectomy en bloc with subclavian artery resection/reconstruction.
disconnect the endotracheal tube from the ventilator and allow a long expiration
Associated syndromes and the tumor they are associated with:
Cushing Syndrome
Associated syndromes and the tumor they are associated with:
Thyrotoxicosis
Mediastinal Goiter
Associated syndromes and the tumor they are associated with:
Hypertension
Pheochromocytoma
