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Fundamentals of Nursing > Thoracentesis > Flashcards

Thoracentesis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the PRIMARY FUNCTION of THORACENTESIS?

A

Aspiration of fluid

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2
Q

What are the 3 FUNCTIONS of Thoracentesis?

A

Medication Administration, Aspiration, Diagnostic Tests

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3
Q

Medical term for FLUID in the pleural space?

A

Pleural effusion, pleurisy

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4
Q

Medical term for BLOOD in the pleural space?

A

Hemothorax

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5
Q

Medical term for PUS in the pleural space?

A

Empyema

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6
Q

Medical term for AIR in the pleural space?

A

Pneumothorax

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7
Q

What is the PRESSURE of atmospheric air and its force?

A

Positive pressure, pushing force

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8
Q

What is the PRESSURE of air in the lungs and its force?

A

Positive pressure, pushing force

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9
Q

What is the PRESSURE of air in the pleural cavity and its force?

A

Negative pressure, pulling force

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10
Q

What is the GOAL of aspiration?

A

To achieve LUNG REEXPANSION

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11
Q

What is the CAUSE of a PNEUMOTHORAX?

A

Due to excessive POSITIVE PRESSURE in the PLEURAL SPACE

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12
Q

What does a PNEUMOTHORAX lead to?

A

Atelectasis or lung collapse

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13
Q

What are the 2 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS done via a THORACENTESIS?

A

Biopsy and Culture & Sensitivity testing

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14
Q

What is the BEST ACCESS SITE for aspiration of AIR?

A

2nd or 3rd ICS (the higher the better: 2nd)

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15
Q

What is the ACCESS/PUNCTURE SITE of a THORACENTESIS ?

A

At the SIDE OF THE CHEST, in the INTERCOSTAL SPACE

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16
Q

What is the BEST ACCESS SITE for aspiration of FLUID, BLOOD, and PUS?

A

5th - 9th ICS (the lower, the better)

17
Q

What is the BEST PRE-PROCEDURE POSITION for a CONSCIOUS patient?

A

Orthopneic (sitting and leaning forward on table)

18
Q

What is the BEST PRE-PROCEDURE POSITION for an UNCONSCIOUS patient?

A

Side-lying position (lay in the UNAFFECTED side)

19
Q

What is the BEST POST-PROCEDURE POSITION?

A

Side-lying position (lay on the unaffected side)

20
Q

How long should the patient stay in a side-lying position after a THORACENTESIS and what is the rationale behind it?

A

At least 1-2 HOURS to ALLOW PROPER LUNG REEXPANSION

21
Q

What TYPE OF SHOCK is the patient who underwent THORACENTESIS most at risk for?

A

Hypovolemic shock

22
Q

How much blood loss is considered a HIGH RISK for SHOCK?

A

Greater than 500 ml of blood loss

23
Q

What are the THREE TYPES of SHOCK?

A

CDH (Cardiogenic, Distributive, and Hypovolemic) Shock

24
Q

What are the THREE EXAMPLES of DISTRIBUTIVE SHOCK?

A

ASS (Anaphylactic, Septic, Spinal)

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