Thirteen Colonies Flashcards
Peter Minuit
New York
William Rogers
Rhode Island
John smith
Virginia
Cecil Calvert
Maryland
John Winthrop
Massachusetts
Thomas hooker
Connecticut
William penn
Pennsylvania
John Berkeley and George carteret
New Jersey
Fernando gorges and John mason
New Hampshire
James Oglethorpe
Georgia
Mary musgrove
Helped James Oglethorpe and she was a daughter of a creek and English women and man
Navigation acts
Regulated trade between England and its colonies . The purpose of these laws was to ensure that only England benefited from colonial trade.
Plantation
Large estates farmed by many workers
Debtors
People who owed money they could not pay back , could make a new start
Buffer
Land located between two larger lands that reduces the possibility of conflict between them
Indigo
A plant used to make a valuable blue dye
Tidewater
The land was washed by ocean tides and was along the plain of rivers and creeks
Glorious revolution
It was in 1688 and the colonists won still more rights
The English bill of rights
A written list of freedoms the government promises to protect and William and Mary signed this
Great awakening
A religious movement and it swept through the colonies . It touched women and men of all backgrounds and classes
Benjamin Franklin
The best example of the enlightenment spirit in the 13 colonies
Legislature
A group of people who have the power to make laws
Triangular trade
On the first leg New England carried fish, lumber, to the West Indies, the West Indies gave sugar and molasses, on the second leg ships carried guns, gunpowder, and on the final leg Africa gave enslaved Africans to the West Indies
Yankee
Merchants from New England that dominated colonial trade. A nickname that they implied that they were clever and hard working
Imports and exports
Imports - goods brought into a country
Exports-goods sent to markets outside a country
Mercantilism
According to this theory a nation became strong by building up its gold supply and expanding trade
Puritans
John winthrop and his followers were part of this group .
General court
Male church members elected representatives to this assembly
Great migration
Men, women , children made the journey from England to Massachusetts. This is a movement of people.
Fundamental orders of Connecticut
Settlers wrote this plan and it gave the vote to all men who were property owners and it limited the governors power.
Anne Hutchinson
A devout Puritan who regularly attended church services and she escaped to Rhode Island .
Metacom
Warplanes Indians were led by their Chief Metacom
Who attacked villages throughout New England.
Common
At the center of each village was the common which was an open field where cattle grazed .
Sabbath
The puritans took this holy day of rest very seriously .
Town meetings
Settlers discussed and voted on Many issues at these meetings .
Toleration
Means a willingness to let others practice their own beliefs .
Patroons
Owners of huge estates and granted large parcels of land to rich families.
Peter Stuyvesant
The governor of new Netherlands swore to defend the city.
Proprietary colony
This is where the king gives land to one or more people.
Proprietors
They were free to divide the land and rent it to others .
Royal colony
A colony under control of the English crown .
Quakers
One of the most despised religious groups in England and William penn joined the Quakers.
Pennsylvania Dutch
German speaking Protestants became known as this because people could not pronounce the word Deutsch which means German.
Cash crops
The middle colonies produced surpluses of wheat, barley and these were called cash crops or crops that are sold for money at the market.
Breadbasket colonies
The middle colonies exported so much grain that they became known as this.
Backcountry
Area of land along the eastern slopes of the Appalachian mountains .
Great wagon road
Settlers followed an old Iroquois trail that became known as this.
Mason Dixon line
Boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland and it also divided the middle colonies from the southern colonies .
Act of toleration
The act of toleration provided religious freedom for all Christians and as in many colonies this freedom did not extend to Jews.
Bacons rebellion
An uprising where Nathaniel bacon a young planter organized angry men and women on the frontier . He raided Native American villages and burned down Jamestown .
Slave codes
Slave codes treated enslaved Africans not as human beings but as property.
Racism
The belief that one race is superior to another was called racism.
