Third Form Drill Questions Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 3 moods of Latin verbs?
A
indicative
imperative
subjunctive
2
Q
What is the indicative mood used for?
A
statements
and
questions
3
Q
What is the imperative mood used for?
A
commands
4
Q
What is the subjunctive mood used for?
A
potential action, such as
opinion,
purpose, and
wishes
5
Q
How do you form the singular imperative of all four conjugations?
A
drop ‘re’ from the infinitive
6
Q
How do you form the plural imperative of all but the 3rd conjugation?
A
add ‘te’ to the singular imperative
7
Q
What will help you remember the 3rd conjugation imperative forms?
A
surge, surgite
8
Q
Give the three irregular singular imperatives.
A
dic, dicite
duc, ducite
fac, facite
9
Q
Give the singular and plural imperatives of sum.
A
es, este
10
Q
The tenses of the perfect passive system are _____________ verb forms.
A
compound
11
Q
The fourth principal part is a _________.
A
participle
12
Q
A participle is a _________.
A
verbal adjective
13
Q
Verbs that can take a direct object are called…
A
transitive
14
Q
Verbs that do not take a direct object are called…
A
intransitive
15
Q
The vocative case is the case of ___________.
A
direct address
16
Q
Give the Vocative Rule
A
The vocative is the same as the nominative except in 2nd declension masculine singular where
us changes to e
and
ius changes to i.
17
Q
Give three vocative expressions that illustrate the vocative rule.
A
Et tu, Brute?
Benedic Domine nos
Christe eleison
fili mi
18
Q
Give three exceptions to the Vocative Rule.
A
meus - mi
deus - deus
Jesus - Jesu
19
Q
A vocative noun is often used with an _________ verb and usually is not the ____________ word in the sentence.
A
imperative
first
20
Q
Give two common indeclinable nouns.
A
satis
nihil
21
Q
Give the dative and ablative plural of filia and dea.
This is to distinguish them from the masculine dative and ablative plurals of deus and filius.
A
filiabus
deabus
22
Q
What is an appositive?
A
a word that follows a noun and renames it
23
Q
An appositive agrees with its noun or pronoun in…
A
gender
number
case
24
Q
Give 2 examples of adjectives used as nouns in English.
A
the poor the good the bad the ugly the tired the weary
25
Latin often uses the ___________________ as a noun to describe a group of people or things.
Give 2 examples.
masculine or neuter nominative plural adjective
```
multa = many things
nostri = our men
multi = many people
```
26
Give the 3 kinds of 1st/2nd declension adjectives.
regular (bonus, a, um)
```
er adjectives that drop or retain the e
such as (pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum)
```
the Naughty Nine
27
The Naughty Nine have irregular forms in what cases?
genitive and dative singular
genitive singular = ius
dative singular = i
28
Name the Naughty Nine
unus, solus, totus
ullus, nullus
alius, alter
neuter, uter
29
Give 3 kinds of 3rd declension adjectives.
adjectives with 1, 2, and 3 terminations
30
In English, some adjectives require a _____________ to complete their thought.
The 3 ways in Latin to express this prepositional phrase is by:
prepositional phrase
case
preposition
infinitive
31
Which cardinal numbers are declined?
unus
duo
tres
32
Decline 'duo'.
```
M F N
duo duae duo
duorum duarum duorum
duobus duabus duobus
duos duas duo
duobus duabus duobus
```
33
Decline 'tres'.
```
M/F N
tres tria
trium trium
tribus tribus
tres tria
tribus tribus
```
34
Give 3 reasons for using a personal pronoun in the nominative case as a subject.
clarity
contrast
emphasis
35
The preposition cum takes the ___________ case, and when combined with 1st/2nd personal pronouns results in what forms?
ablative
mecum
tecum
nobiscum
vobiscum
36
The genitive of 1st/2nd declension pronouns is used for _________ expressions that do not show ___________.
of
possession
37
Nostri and vestri are used for the _________ genitive.
objective
If a noun implies action, it may be followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case.
Examples: metus Dei = fear of God
metus mei = fear of me metus vestri - fear of you all
38
Nostrum and vestrum are used for the _____________ genitive.
partitive
If a noun implies division/part, it my be followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case.
Examples: pars legionis = part of the legion
pars tui = part of you
pars nostrum = part of us
39
The 3rd person personal pronoun is ___________.
is, ea, id
40
The genitive of is, ea, id is used to show ___________ but functions as a _____________.
possession
pronoun
41
The 3rd person reflexive pronoun adjective in Latin is __________.
suus, sua, suum
42
What is meant by a 'reflexive' pronoun?
A reflexive pronoun refers back to the subject of its own clause.
43
What is meant by a 'non-reflexive' pronoun?
A non-reflexive pronoun refers to someone or something other than its subject.
44
Forms of is and ea mean 'he' and 'she' when referring to ___________ and 'it' when referring to ___________.
persons
things with grammatical gender
45
What kinds of pronouns point out persons or things?
demonstrative
46
Demonstrative pronouns can be used as both ____________.
pronouns and
| adjectives
47
In what 3 respects does 'hic' refer to something close to the speaker?
time
space
thought
48
3rd declension nouns ending in _____ are usually feminine, and ending in _______ are always feminine.
o
-tas -tatis
49
When used together, ille and hic mean, respectively __________.
```
ille = the former
hic = the latter
```
50
Give 2 uses of the demonstrative iste.
point out something close to the person spoken to
in contempt
51
Which demonstrative means 'the famous' when it follows a noun?
ille, illa, illud
52
Give the four demonstative pronouns.
is, ea id = that, those (non-specific) and he,she, it
hic, haec, hoc = this, these (specific, near the speaker)
ille, illa, illud = that, those (specific, remote from speaker)
iste, ista, istud = that, those (specific, near the person spoken to or in contempt)
53
Which demonstrative is also used as the 3rd person personal pronoun?
is, ea, id
54
The forms for _________ and ___________ pronouns are identical in English, but different in Latin.
reflexive
intensive
55
In English, reflexive and intensive pronouns end in ________.
self, selves
56
Give the 1st person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.
myself, ourselves
57
Give the 2nd person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.
yourself, yourselves
58
Give the 3rd person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English,
himself
herself
itself
themselves
59
An intensive pronoun ___________ another word in the sentence.
emphasizes
60
The intensive pronoun in Latin is ___________.
ipse, ipsa, ipsum
61
The reflexive pronoun reflects back on the __________, is always in the ___________, and never in the __________ case.
subject
predicate
nominative
62
1st/2nd person personal and reflexive pronouns are _________ in Latin.
Name them.
identical
mei, mihi, me, me
tui, tibi, te, te
nostri/um, nobis, nos, nobis
vestri/um, vobis, vos, vobis
63
The 3rd person reflexive pronouns in Latin are _____________.
sui
sibi
se
se
64
What 3 declensions have nouns ending in 'us' in the nominative?
2nd
3rd
4th
65
Most 3rd declension nouns ending in 'us' are what gender?
neuter
66
Give some English words that express the subjunctive.
```
may
might
let
should
could
would
```
67
Which 2 tenses are missing from the subjunctive?
future
| future perfect
68
The indicative mood describes activity that is _________.
real, actual
69
The subjunctive mood describes activity that is _________.
potential
70
The subjunctive is used mainly in ____________.
subordinate clauses
71
Give 2 ways to use the subjunctive in an independent clause.
hortatory subjunctive
| deliberative questions
72
A clause is a part of a sentence that has ___________.
a subject and a verb
73
What is the difference between a phrase and a clause?
a phrase does not have a subject and a verb,
| and a clause does
74
A clause that can stand alone is an ____________ clause.
independent
75
A clause that cannot stand alone is a ___________ clause.
subordinate
76
A subordinate clause that uses the subjunctive is the ______________.
purpose clause
77
The present subjunctive is formed by _______ or ________ these vowels before the personal ending:
```
1st conj. ________
2nd conj. __________
3rd conj. _______
3rd io conj. ______
4th conj ________
```
adding
changing
```
1st conj. - substitute e for a
2nd conj. - add a
3rd conj. - substitute a for i,o,u
3rd io conj. - add a
4th conj. - add a
```
78
What sentence helps you remember the vowel changes in the subjunctive?
We beat a liar.
79
The hortatory subjunctive is used to express ___________ and is usually translated with ___________.
exhortation, indirect command, strong wish
let or may
80
The meaning of the subjunctive must be determined by the __________ but we will use the helping verbs ___________ for recitation.
context
may and might
81
Use these models to translate the hortatory subjunctive.
1st Oremus - Let us pray.
2nd Vincas - May you overcome.
3rd Veniat - Let him come. / May he come.
82
A subjunctive clause is made negative by using the conjunction ________.
ne
83
A deliberative question is asked in ________ or ___________ and is expressed in English by the helping verb ____________.
doubt
indignation
should
84
A deliberative question uses the ___________ subjunctive for present time and the _____________ subjunctive for past time.
present
imperfect
85
The ___________ can be used to show purpose in English, but not in Latin.
infinitive
86
In a sentence with a purpose clause, the main verb is in the ____________, and the purpose clause is in the __________.
indicative
subjunctive
87
The verbs in a sentence with 2 clauses must ____________.
correspond
88
If the verb of the main clause is in the present or future, the verb of the purpose clause is in the _____________.
present subjunctive
89
If the verb of the main clause is in the past, the verb of the purpose clause is in the ________________.
imperfect subjunctive
90
The perfect subjunctive is identical to ___________ tense except for ______________.
future perfect
the first person singular
91
A negative clause of purpose replaces 'ut' with ______.
ne
92
The active perfect and pluperfect subjunctives are built on the __________ stem by adding ____________ and ____________, respectively.
perfect
eri
isse
93
Give the 2 neuter and 2 feminine nouns of the 4th declension.
cornu, -us, n.
genu, -us, n.
domus, -us, f.
manus, -us, f.
94
In adjectives and adverbs there are three ___________.
degrees of comparison
95
The 3 degrees of comparison are:
positive
comparative
superlative
96
The _______________ is descriptive.
positive
97
The _______________ implies a comparison between two persons or things.
comparative
98
The _______________ implies a comparison among more than two persons or things.
superlative
99
In English, many positive adjectives can be changed into comparatives by adding ________ and changed into superlatives by adding __________,
er
est
100
Give an example of the degrees of comparison in English using the adjective 'great'.
great
greater
greatest
101
In English, other adjectives and adverbs are compared by means of the words __________ and __________.
more
most
102
The Latin comparative is formed by adding _______ and _______ to the stem.
- ior (M/F)
| - ius (N)
103
The Latin comparative is declined like the regular _________ noun.
3rd declension
104
The superlative adjective is formed by adding ___________, ____________, or _____________ to the stem.
- issimus, -a, -um
- rimus, -a, -um to masculine nominative singular (er adjectives retain the e)
-limus, -a, -um to stem
(facilis/difficilis/similis/humilis)
105
The superlative adjective is declined like _____________.
bonus, -a, -um
106
Two nouns or pronouns compared using the adverb quam must be ____________.
in the same case
107
A comparative adjective used to indicate degree rather than comparison means _______________.
rather
too
more than the average
108
A superlative adjective used to indicate degree rather than comparison means ____________.
very
109
Adjectives with stems ending in a vowel are usually compared using the adverbs ____________ and ___________.
magis
maxime
110
Adverbs stand ____________ the verbs they modify.
before
111
1st/2nd declension adjectives are changed into adverbs by _____________.
adding -e to the stem
112
Some adjectives, especially of quantity and number, form adverbs with the _________________.
neuter accusative singular
113
Third declension adjectives of 2 and 3 terminations are changed into adverbs by _______________.
adding -iter or -enter
| add -enter to words ending in ens or entis
114
The comparative of regular adverbs is the _______________.
neuter singular accusative of the adjective comparative form
115
The superlative of regular adverbs is formed by __________.
adding -e to the superlative stem
| changing us of the superlative adjective to e
