Third exam-FAMILIES (lecture & lab) Flashcards
What plants are in the LILIACEAE family?
Give three examples (this flashcard and next two)
LILY FAMILY:
Genus Clintonia- blue bead lily
Blue fruits look like blueberries but NOT edible, taste terrible
LILIACEAE family- example 2
ERYTHRONIUM- trout lily, dog-tooth violet
LILIACEAE family- example 3
LILIUM- lily, turk’s cap lily
What are examples of POACEAE (grass) family? There are 9, which grass is below?
Andropogon Gerardii
BIG BLUE STEM
Uses: erosion control plant
Wildlife grazing
Features: 4-8 feet tall
Seedhead branched into 3 parts and looks like a turkey foot
POACEAE (grass family) example 2
Schizaachyrium scoparium
LITTLE BLUE STEM (beard grass)
Uses: Food and cover for birds
NOT GREAT FOR GRAZING ANIMALS
Features: Very ORNAMENTAL bunch grass
18-24 inches tall
Fluffy white seeds valuable for birds
Blue-green stems become mahogany red with fluffy white seed tufts in Fall
POACEAE (grass family) example 3
Sorghastrum Nutans
INDIANGRASS
Uses: highly nutritious for animal grazing
Erosion control
Features: 6 feet tall
POACEAE (grass family) example 4
Avena Sativa
OATS
Uses: livestock (oats, hay) and human food
Features: EXOTIC SPECIES
5 feet tall
POACEAE (grass family) example 5
Setaria
FOXTAIL
Uses: Ovaries become edible seeds for rodents and birds
Not very valuable for grazing
Features: spikelet clusters of bristled seeds that stick to animals and clothing
MAY BECOME LODGED IN ANIMALS NOSES
12-30” tall
EXOTIC SPECIES
Foxtail inflourence are panicles
POACEAE (grass family) example 6
Digitaria (genus)
CRABGRASS
Uses: Help erosion in arid landscape
Features: some species problematic weeds in lawns, mowing spreads their seeds
Are annuals or perennials that overwinter in the lawn
POACEAE (grass family) example 7
Phalaris arundinacea
REED CANARY GRASS
Uses: insects, muskrats and Canadian geese feed on it at various stages of growth
Protective cover for birds, mammals, snakes, insects etc
Features: Invasive Exotic Species
2-9 feet tall
Grows along lakes and streams singularly and wet open areas
Robust, hairless perennial
Straw colored, green, pink to purple seedheads (lots of variation!)
Greyish to blue green stems
WIDER LEAVES THAN OTHER GRASSES (widest part about 3/4”)
Reed collars are large and yellow
TRANSPARENT LIGULES
POACEAE (grass family) example 8
Poa
BLUEGRASS
NOT native to USA (invasive exotic species)
Uses: food for caterpillars, beetles
Football and baseball stadium grass
Features: 12-28 inches tall
3-5 branches in basal whorls
Ligule extremely short, square ended
Dark green blue color
POACEAE (grass family) example 9
Panicum
PANIC GRASS, SWITCH GRASS, WITCH GRASS
What is the definition of an ANGIOSPERM?
-They’re the largest group in the plant kingdom: include trees, bushes, flowering plants & herbs
-All ANGIOSPERMS have flowers at some stage of life
-Have small pollen grains that make fertilization quicker and more efficient at reproducing
-ADVANTAGE OF ANGIOSPERMS is production of endosperms which is food that forms after fertilization for developing seedling
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What family is the genus TRILLIUM in?
Family is MELANTHIACEAE
Latin name is also TRILLIUM
Tri means three, three brachts that look like leaves that are photosynthetic
Single inflorescence
What family us GREENBRIER in?
Family is SMILACACEAE
Latin for Greenbrier is SMILAX
Greenbrier are climbing flowering plants with thorns or are woody
Heartshaped leaves, vines can grow up trees or form a bush
What family is the LADY-SLIPPER or
MOCCASIN-FLOWER in?
ORCHIDACEAE family
Cypripedium, genus
One of LAREGEST NATIVE orchids
Used as medicine for insomnia and sedation
What family is the IRIS or BLUE FLAG in?
IRIDACEAE FAMILY
IRIS, genus
Inflorescence is 2-4 flowers
What family is SOLOMON’S SEAL in?
ASPARAGASCEAE family
Polygonatum, genus
Used as medicine, or to make bread or eaten like asparagus
What family is CANADA MAYFLOWER or FALSE SOLOMON’S SEAL in?
ASPARAGASCEAE family
Maianthemum genus
Attracts birds
What family us the narrow-leaved cattail in?
TYPHACEAE family
Typha angustifolia genus
INVASIVE but new thoughts on using cattails to reduce pollution in water
What family is BROAD-LEAVED CATTAIL in?
TYPHACEAE family
Typha latifolia genus
NATIVE, used as food and medicine
What family is RUSH in?
JUNCACEAE family Juncus genus (common rushes)
Any number of flowering plants with cylindrical stalks or hollow, stemlike leaves
Used for weaving