Things You Need To Learn Flashcards

1
Q

1099

A

Tax form provided to borrower by employer when takes are not withheld

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2
Q

3 Types of deeds what are they?

A

Quitclaim deed, Grant deed, Warranty Deed.

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3
Q

3-7-3 Rule

A

The initial LE must be delivered or placed in the mail to the applicant within 3 business days after receiving an application and 7 days prior to loan consummation.
The Closing Disclosure must be received by the borrower within 3 business days of closing.

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4
Q

4 Key Types of Closing

A

Full Closing, A la carte closing, Mail away closing, Attorney Closing

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5
Q

4506-T

A

Use Form 4506-T to request tax return information. Taxpayers using a tax year beginning in one calendar year and ending in the following year (fiscal tax year) must file Form 4506-T to request a return transcript.

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6
Q

A borrower may only have one FHA insured loan at a time with four exceptions:

A

 Job Relocation (minimum distance 100 miles)
 Increase in Family Size (if approved, the first mortgage must be paid down to 75% LTV)
 Vacating a Jointly Owned Property
 Non-Occupying Co-Borrower

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7
Q

A La Carte Closing

A

 The title company provides the title information to the Lender.
 A notary company contracted by the Lender conducts the signing of the documents.
 The Lender will then perform the disbursement.

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8
Q

A QM loan is one that has met the ATR requirements and meets some additional rules that focus on prohibiting risky loan features (predatory lending)

A
Risky Loan Features
	Negative Amortization
	Interest-only payment feature
	Loan terms in excess of 30 years
	Prepayment Penalties
	Balloon Mortgages

In addition, for all types of QM loans, the points and fees charged to the borrower cannot exceed 3% of the total loan amount unless the loan amount is $100,000 or less.

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9
Q

Accrued interest

A

In finance, accrued interest is the interest on a bond or loan that has accumulated since the principal investment, or since the previous coupon payment if there has been one already. For a financial instrument such as a bond, interest is calculated and paid in set intervals (for instance annually or semi-annually).

Accrued interest will vary depending on what time of the month a loan closes. One reason many people close at the end of the month is because it reduces the interest that accrues in advance of the first monthly mortgage payment.

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10
Q

All FHA loans require Mortgage Insurance Premium

A

FHA charges
 Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP)
o (an amount equal to 1.75% of the mortgage (loan amount)
 The UFMIP is added to the loan amount to calculate the total loan amount.
 Monthly Mortgage Insurance Premium
o (based on the initial LTV ratio and loan term)

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11
Q

Amortization

A

An amortized loan includes regular periodic payments of both principal and interest, that are paid within the term of the loan. Amortization schedules detail the monthly payments and how much of each payment goes to principal and interest.

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12
Q

Annual Income

A

All the income you’ve earned over the year in wages, salary, tips, bonuses, commissions, and overtime amount to your annual income. In the case of mortgage applications, lenders primarily focus on income through wages or salary.

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13
Q

Annual Property Taxes

A

Annual property reports are documents containing of government property (property titled to the federal government and bought under an award). The list covers property bought between the first day of the award and the federal fiscal year close.

Annual Property Taxes is another prepaid item and is the amount equal to the upcoming tax bill(s). Tax bills can be due annually, semi-annually, or quarterly. The amount to be prepaid is based on the previous year’s tax bill.

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14
Q

Appraisal

A

When you apply for a home loan, your lender will require that an appraisal is done on the property. This process involves assessing the value of the home through an inspection and by comparing it to similar real estate in the area.

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15
Q

Appraisal Fraud

A

Home appraisal fraud occurs when a home is fraudulently inflated beyond its actual value. A higher home appraisal usually leads to a higher home price, and more cash to the home seller. A fraudulent higher appraisal report is bad news to buyers, as it can add a higher debt burden to the purchase of a home.
Generally, home appraisal fraud comes with some red flags, including key data missing from the appraisal or fake renovations cited on the appraisal. If you suspect your home appraisal has red flags, you can always get a second appraisal—this may cost up to $500 depending on the size of the home, but it might be worth it if it keeps you from a bigger issue.

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16
Q

Appraisal requirements

A

Property Conditions
 Must be habitable
 Must have permanent source of heat
 If the property is located on a private road, a private road maintenance agreement is required

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17
Q

Appraised Value

A

An appraised value pertains to the assessed value of real property in the opinion of a qualified appraiser or valuer. It is usually used as a pre-qualification & risk-based pricing factor related to the issuance of mortgage loans by a financial institution.

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18
Q

APR

A

The annual percentage rate is the cost of borrowing money from the lender, shown as a percentage of your mortgage amount. It is calculated by using a formula set by federal law and disclosed to the customer to aid in comparing different offers of credit. Finance charges imposed by the lender are included in this calculation. In addition, the APR includes any origination fees and mortgage insurance charged by the lender.

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19
Q

ARM

A

Adjustable rate mortgages have interest rates that change periodically. Such loans have an introductory period of low, fixed rates, after which they vary, depending on an adjustment index.

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20
Q

ATR

A

Ability to repay

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21
Q

ATR and QM rules do not apply to

A

Open-ended credit plans
HELOC’s
Reverse Mortgages
Temporary bridge loans with terms of 12 months or less
Construction loans and construction-to-perm loans with terms of 12 months or less

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22
Q

ATR and QM rules do not apply to:

A

 Open-ended credit plans
 HELOC’s
 Reverse Mortgages
 Temporary bridge loans with terms of 12 months or less
 Construction loans and construction-to-perm loans with terms of 12 months or less

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23
Q

ATS

A

Approval to schedule

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24
Q

Attorney Closing

A
A Full closing where the Attorney's office:
	Completes the Title work
	Prepares the Settlement Statement
	Conducts the Signing
	Disburses the funds
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25
Balloon Mortgage
is payable in full after a period that is shorter than the term of the loan.
26
Balloon Payment
Balloon loans come with large payments that are to be paid at the end of the mortgage term, separate from the mortgage payments made monthly.
27
Bankruptcy
Declaring bankruptcy means that you have submitted an application to a court that admits you are unable to pay back your debts. Filing for bankruptcy ruins your credit, which leads to problems when applying for loans in the future.
28
Banks
```  Depository institutions  Take and lend money  Holds loans in portfolio  Sells loans to Secondary Market  Offers various loans, credit cards, student loans etc. ```
29
Bond Loans
these loans are typically managed by each state since each state has their own unique bond program(s). These programs target first time homebuyers and low to moderate income families. They mostly provide great pricing and down payment assistance.
30
Borrower
A mortgage borrower is someone who takes out a home loan to purchase a property. When that person borrows the money, they are making a commitment to pay back that amount in full, on time, and with interest.
31
Bridge Loan
enables customers to access the equity in their current home and use it towards the down payment on the home they are purchasing before the current home is sold. This is also referred to as “gap financing”.
32
Buy-Down Mortgage
the interest rate is reduced during the initial years of the loan gradually increasing each year until the rate becomes fixed at the note rate.
33
CAPITAL
Capital refers to the liquid assets the borrower has available to make the down payment on the loan, pay the closing costs, and have on hand reserves necessary to make the initial mortgage payments. This can be simplified into 2 factors: cash to close (equity/down payment/closing costs) and reserves (money available after closing).
34
Cash-out Refinance
A cash-out refinance is when you replace your current home loan with a new mortgage. You agree to a larger loan amount in order to use the equity you've earned on your home. out limited to the lesser of 2% of the principal amount of the new loan or $2,000 Power of Attorney not permitted for FNMA; sometimes permitted for FHLMC
35
CD
Certificate of Deposit (CD)
36
CD
Closing Disclosure
37
Certificate Of Eligibility (COE)
Is issued by the VA and is evidence that the veteran meets the basic requirements for a VA loan.
38
CHARM
Consumer Handbook on Adjustable Rate Mortgages (CHARM) This book informs the borrower of the risks involved with adjustable rate mortgages.
39
CLA
conditional loan approval
40
Closing
The legal execution/consummation of the loan. This includes the signing and recording of all loan documents, creating the mortgage,
41
Closing checklists
Closing checklists are important to keep track of all the items that need to be taken care of prior to closing. It lists everything from the payments that need to be made to the documents that need to be signed.
42
Closing costs and what is included *hint 9
Closing costs involve all the fees and costs that need to be paid before or at the time of closing. Your mortgage contract and disclosures go over all the costs that will be incurred by you as the buyer, the seller, and the lender. Costs incurred may include loan origination fees, discount points, appraisal fees, title searches, title insurance, surveys, taxes, deed-recording fees and credit report charges.
43
Closing Disclosure
Out of the numerous documents that you will come across during the mortgage process, your Closing Disclosure is one of the most important. This 5-page document specifies the terms of your home loan, such as your monthly payments, interest rates, and closing
44
Closing Disclosure
Lists and describes all the costs associated with the transaction
45
Closing Disclosure CD
A five-page form that provides final details about the mortgage loan that has been selected. It includes the loan terms, projected monthly payments, how much the borrower will pay in fees and other costs involved in getting a mortgage.
46
Closing establishes
Closing establishes a first lien on the property and creates an enforceable debt. In other words, it gives the mortgage banker the right to expect repayment of the borrowed funds and recourse should the borrower default on the loan.
47
Co-Borrower
By having co-borrowers join your loan application, their income, assets, and credit score can help you qualify for a loan and get lower interest rates. Co-borrowers are equally liable to pay back the loan
48
Co-signer
A co-signer can help you qualify for mortgages by signing the loan application with you. Co-signers have no interest in owning the property, but their credit score, income, and assets will count towards getting you a lower interest rates.
49
COC
Change of Circumstance
50
COE
“Entitles” the Veteran to a loan guarantee of 25% of the published county limit. The guarantee protects the lender against default which allows the lender to lend up to 100% LTV to our Veterans with confidence. The COE indicates the amount of entitlement available to the veteran.
51
COFI
The 11th District Cost of Funds Index (COFI) is a monthly weighted average of the interest rates paid on checking and savings accounts offered by financial institutions operating in Arizona, California, and Nevada.
52
Combined Loan to Value (CLTV)
The combined loan to value (CLTV) ratio is a calculation used by mortgage and lending professionals to determine the total percentage of a homeowner's property that is encumbered by liens (debt obligations).
53
Community Property
In states that recognize community property, a special form of joint tenancy exists between husband and wife, with each owning one-half interest. Upon death, the decedent's interest passes in a manner like tenants in common. Words in the deed such as "John and Mary, husband and wife as community property", establishes community property ownership.
54
Conforming Loan
A conforming loan is a mortgage that is equal to or less than the dollar amount established by the limit set by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) and meets the funding criteria of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
55
Conventional Loan
A conventional loan is a type of mortgage loan that is not insured or guaranteed by the government. Instead, the loan is backed by private lenders, and its insurance is usually paid by the borrower These mortgages have an added risk, and therefore require higher down payments. PMI
56
Correspondent Lenders
 Originate and close loans  Sell loans to other mortgage bankers  Servicing and income are transferred to the new loan owner
57
CPA
Certified Public Accountant
58
CPL
Closing Protection Letter
59
Credit history
When applying for a mortgage, lenders will be looking at your credit history, which is a compilation of your borrowing and payment habits. It shows the lender how likely you are to repay the loan they grant you.
60
Credit Reports
The credit report is a vital part of the mortgage qualification process. Accurately accounting for credit is one of the most critical components of properly qualifying a borrower. It is your responsibility to view a customer’s credit report and determine his/her eligibility and willingness to repay the debt. Credit reports and supporting documents cannot be more than 60 days old at the time of closing.
61
Credit Score
Your credit score is a number that represents your creditworthiness to lenders who are determining whether to grant you a loan. FICO scores are the most widely accepted credit scores.
62
Credit Union
 Service driven; Customers are called Members  Regulated by the National Credit Union Administration  Lending for its own portfolio  Involved sparingly in the Secondary Market
63
Debt Ratio
The debt ratio shows your long-term and short-term debt as a percentage of your total assets. The lower your debt-ratio, the better your chances are of qualifying for a mortgage.
64
Decoupled ARM
Decoupled ARM products are interest only ARMs with fixed periods that do not match the interest only period. Most interest only products (3/1, 5/1, 7/1) have a 10-year interest only repayment period.
65
Deed
a legal document that contains information about who owns a particular property. It contains both the previous owner’s name and the current owner’s name.
66
Derogatory Credit
Derogatory credit can be defined as anything on the customer’s credit that has a negative impact on the customer’s qualification for financing. Derogatory credit may require satisfaction and/or written letter of explanation from the borrower depending on the severity of the situation.
67
Discloser
During the mortgage transaction process, you will be given disclosure documents that provide different details about the home loan agreement.
68
Discount Points
Discount points are considered a form of prepaid interest on your home loan. These "points" are a percentage of your loan paid up front that consequently lowers the mortgage's interest rate.
69
DLA
Date of last activity
70
Down Payment
The down payment on your house is the amount you pay the lender upfront in order to secure the loan. The amount differs based on what you can afford, and the loan requirements that vary according to the lender.
71
Down Payment Grant
A major hurdle people face when trying to buy a home is saving up for the down payment. To help overcome this issue, there are down payment assistance programs that provide homebuyers with grants that go toward the up front and closing costs.
72
DTI
Debt to income This relation is expressed in percentage form and is also referred to as the customer’s debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. In most cases, there are two ratios that need to be considered: the primary housing ratio (front ratio) and the total obligation ratio (back ratio).
73
DU
Desktop Underwriter
74
Earnest Money
You pay the earnest money deposit once your offer for purchase has been accepted by the seller, to prove that you are invested in buying the home.
75
Elements of title insurance
Title commitments are ordered by the lender “without exceptions” to coverage. Most investors will not purchase mortgages “with exceptions” and certain endorsements are required.
76
Eligibility
To become eligible for an new FHA mortgage or an FHA refinance, there are certain criteria you'll need to meet as a borrower. When it comes to a borrower's eligibility, the FHA loan program offers a lot of flexibility.
77
Entitlement
The amount available to the Veteran for use on a | VA loan
78
Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) also known as Reg B – “Be Equal”
was developed to protect borrowers against discrimination. Discrimination is defined by ECOA as an act against a person’s age, sex, race, religion, national origin, marital status, and/or income from public assistance programs. In addition to the discrimination category, the Act also states that borrowers are entitled to a copy of their original appraisal. The Equal Credit Opportunity Notice must indicate if the applicant is approved or denied within 30 days of receiving a complete application.
79
Equity
Home equity is the amount of ownership you have in your home. The equity on your home increases as you make payments, because you own more of it.
80
Equity Lines
``` Equity lines often referred to as a HELOC has the following characteristics:  Variable rate  Draw period  Repayment period  Works like a credit card (open ended) ```
81
Escrow
Property taxes and the homeowner’s insurance policy of the subject property are collected monthly within the mortgage payment. Money is paid directly to the escrow account where it is held until the taxes and insurance bills are due.
82
Escrow
Your escrow account is set up by your lender in order to collect funds that go toward paying property taxes and home insurance.
83
Escrow Analysis
is a statement that explains: a) Escrow account balance b) Dates and Amounts of escrow disbursements c) Was there a shortage, deficiency balance, or overage? d) Payment adjustment
84
Escrow Cushion
An escrow cushion is used to offset any shortages an escrow account may incur because of increases in property taxes and/or homeowner’s insurance.
85
Examples of derogatory credit
30, 60, 90+ Days Late, Past Due, Charge off, Collection, Judgment, Lien, Bankruptcy, foreclosure, short sale and Deed in Lieu of foreclosure
86
face value
the value printed or depicted on a coin, banknote, postage stamp, ticket, etc., especially when less than the actual or essential value.
87
Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA)
primarily to protect consumers from identity theft. The Act stipulates requirements for information privacy, accuracy and disposal, and limits how consumer information may be shared.
88
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
to promote the accuracy, fairness, and privacy of consumer information contained in the files of consumer reporting agencies. It is intended to protect consumers from the willful and/or negligent inclusion of inaccurate information on their credit reports.
89
Fair Housing Laws
Laws are designed to protect the consumer from unfair or discriminatory practices such as: Steering: Directing a borrower to an employee for reasons based on discrimination. Redlining: Intentionally deciding not to lend to an applicant whose property is in an area of town. Each property is evaluated by an appraisal, not based on a neighborhood’s reputation. Employee Opinions: You must be careful not to express an opinion based on an applicant’s credit worthiness or financial situation
90
Fannie Mae FNMA
The Federal National Mortgage Association alson known as Fannie Mae is a government agency that buys mortgages from lenders in order for them to reinvest their assets. Its mission is to stimulate the secondary mortgage market in the U.S. and increase availability of low cost housing. largest private investor for conventional mortgages
91
Fannie Mae Types of Assessment of risks
Approve/Eligible, Approve/Ineligible, Refer/Eligible, Refer/Ineligible The first part of the loan decision is referring to the credit profile and whether the borrower meets basic investor guidelines The second part of the loan decision refers to whether the loan is deliverable to FNMA – often a recommendation is given for the decision to be changed to Eligible
92
Fee Simple
The most common form of ownership of real estate. Represents absolute ownership only limited by government powers, encumbrances, or conditions in the title deed.
93
FHA
The Federal Housing Administration, or the FHA, is a government-run agency that provides insurance on FHA-approved mortgage loans, in order to increase affordable housing in the U.S. which protects lenders from significant losses. . FHA loans allow the borrower to borrow up to 96.5% of the value of the home. In some cases, the 3.5% down payment requirement can come from a gift or grant, which makes FHA loans popular with first-time homebuyers. FHA does not lend money to the mortgagor; it only insures home mortgage loans made by private lenders such as mortgage bankers, savings & loans, and banks. The insurance covers the lender’s financial exposure in the case of foreclosure. All FHA loans begin with the issuing of a Case Number assigned through HUD, and all FHA loans must follow HUD’s appraisal requirements for property condition, health, and safety standards.
94
FHA Down Payment Requirements
FHA requires min 3.5% of the sales price for the down payment  Purchase – 96.5%  Rate and Term refinance – 97.75%  Cash Out refinance – 80%  Non-Arm’s length transaction – 80% (there are some exceptions)
95
FHA Down Payment Requirements and where can they come from
the down payment requirement for FHA is less than a conventional 95% loan and allows more sourcing options. FHA requires min 3.5% of the sales price for the down payment. Borrowers do not have to put any of their own money into the deal. Down payment can come from:  Borrower’s own funds  100% gift from a close family member or relative  Secured borrowed funds
96
FHA funding fee
FHA funding fees include the insurance premiums required to secure the loan. The amount you pay towards this insurance depends on the size of the loan, its term, and the down payment you made.
97
FHA Limits
The FHA has established limits on amount it can insure on government-backed loans. These limits vary based on factors such as location, type of property, and parameters for conventional loans.
98
FHA Min Standards
HUD requires that any home being financed with an FHA mortgage meets the FHA's Minimum Standards. In order for a loan to be granted, the property must be deemed safe, secure, and sound.
99
FHA Refinance
You have the option to refinance your home through the same or a different lender, in order to replace your current mortgage with a new one that offers lower interest rates, or to borrow cash against your home's equity.
100
FHFA
The Federal Housing Finance Agency is an independent federal agency in the United States created as the successor regulatory agency of the Federal Housing Finance Board, the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development government-sponsored enterprise mission team, absorbing the powers and regulatory authority of both entities, with expanded legal and regulatory authority, including the ability to place government sponsored enterprises into receivership or conservatorship.
101
FICO score
Your FICO score is a number that represents your creditworthiness. One of the most widely accepted credit scores, this number comes from an algorithm developed by Fair, Isaac and Company in the 1950. FICO debuted as a general-purpose score in 1989.
102
First Time Homebuyer
The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) sets specific criteria to classify first time homebuyers. This helps lenders properly identify these consumers and consequently allows HUD to track that number annually.
103
Fixed rate
A fixed rate mortgage has an interest rate that remains the same for the entire term of the loan. If your interest rate is fixed, your monthly payments do not rise or fall.
104
Fixed Rate Mortgage
A mortgage in which the interest rate remains fixed for the life of the loan. Even though it means the principle and interest will not change over the life of the loan, the total payment amount can change due to property tax and homeowner’s insurance premiums. This is the preferred type of loan for customers due to the stability and predictability of the rate being fixed.
105
Floating
mortgage rate is one that is subject to daily market fluctuations. If the interest rate rises by the time you close on your mortgage, you'll lose some buying power. If the rate falls, you'll earn some buying power.
106
Flood Disaster Protection Act
When floods strike, victims often lose virtually all their possessions. Most homeowner insurance policies do not cover damages caused by flooding; therefore, borrowers who are found to be in a flood zone must carry flood insurance. The Flood Disaster Protection Act requires mortgage lenders notify borrowers in high-risk flood areas. If a community participates in the National Flood Insurance Program and the necessary improvements are in a flood zone, the lender must require the applicant to purchase the insurance for the life of the loan.
107
Foreclosure
A foreclosure is when a borrowers gives up all rights to his/her home as a result of not making monthly mortgage payments. The foreclosed property is then seized and sold by the lender to recover the loss.
108
Forms of Ownership
Joint Tenancy, Tenancy by Entirety, Tenancy in Common, Community Property and sole ownership Special Forms of Ownership is Tenancy in Partnership, Co-operative, Condominium, Planned Unit Development, Title Holding Trust
109
Fraud for Housing
This type of fraud can occur when a borrower or potential homebuyer is motivated to acquire or maintain ownership of a house. The borrower may misrepresent income and asset information on a loan application or entice an appraiser to manipulate a property’s appraised value. These fraud for housing crimes can be further broken down into different types of mortgage fraud.
110
Fraud for Property
This type of mortgage fraud, prioritized by the FBI, is usually committed by industry insiders who use their specialized knowledge or authority to commit or facilitate the fraud. Many times, mortgage fraud for profit involves collusion by industry insiders, such as bank officers, appraisers, mortgage brokers, attorneys, loan originators, and other professionals. Fraud for profit focuses on misusing the mortgage lending process to get cash and equity from lenders or homeowners.
111
Freddie Mac FHLMC
The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation also known as Freddie Mac is a government agency that buys mortgages from lenders in order for them to grant more loans to home buyers. The agency works to stimulate the real estate market and increase availability of low cost housing. further authority to purchase loans from mortgage bankers, commercial banks, and HUD approved mortgages. Also considered a GSE.
112
Freddie Mack Types of Assessment of risk
Accept or Caution LPA uses Accept or Caution for the overall risk assessment but provides additional detailed analysis within the Findings LPA also uses color-coding throughout the Loan Evaluation Summary for visual display of risk assessment
113
Full Closing
The Title Company is responsible for doing everything for this type of closing. This includes:  Preparing the final Closing Disclosure  Conducting the signing  Disbursing the funds
114
Fully Indexed Rate
At each adjustment, the lender determines the fully indexed rate for the specific ARM product.  Index + Margin = Fully Indexed Rate The Customer’s rate will then adjust based on the ARM’s preset CAPS.
115
Functions of the Secondary Mortgage Market
 Allows lenders to generate money to create mortgage loans  Sale of loans on the Secondary Market allows lenders to transfer portions of risk to the investor  Sale of loans help lenders manage the risk associated with negative cash flow  Sale of loans on the Secondary Market can create additional fee income Typically, there are two types of risk: o Risk of loss due to borrower default o Risk of loss due to interest rate changes
116
Funding
The process of preparing and disbursing loan proceeds.
117
General Warranty
Warranty against any claims (more common for residential property sales and transfers)
118
GFE
Good Faith Estimate
119
Ginne Mae GNMA
The Government National Mortgage Association split into two distinct corporations. To broaden their access to capital, mortgage bankers worked with GNMA to develop an entirely new concept for selling VA and FHA Mortgages
120
Good Faith Estimate
The Good Faith Estimate is a document that offers potential homebuyers basic information about their home loan, with an estimate of the costs that go into acquiring one.
121
Government Loan
A government-backed loan is a loan subsidized by the government, also known as a Federal Direct Loan, which protects lenders against defaults on payments, thus making it a lot easier for lenders to offer potential borrowers lower interest rates. ... VA loan
122
Grant Deed
Transfers ownership and implies certain things, such as: the title has not already been transferred to another person, except as implicated in the deed.
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Hazard Insurance
Home insurance, also commonly called homeowner's insurance, is a type of property insurance that covers a private residence. It is an insurance policy that combines various personal insurance protections, which can include losses occurring to one's home, its contents, loss of use, or loss of other personal possessions of the homeowner, as well as liability insurance for accidents that may happen at the home or at the hands of the homeowner within the policy territory. premiums may also be required to be prepaid by the borrower if the insurance policy is set to renew just after closing the refinance loan. On a purchase, the premium must be paid prior to or at closing by the borrower. If paid prior to closing, the borrower will need a receipt to show that this item has been paid.
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Hazard Insurance Policy
Valid hazard insurance policy that covers loss or damage from fire, weather, and other hazards
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HELOC
Home equity line of credit
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HERA
The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 strengthened governmental oversight of FNMA and FHLMC
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HOA and HOI
Homeowners association homeowners insurance
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Home Equity Combined Loan to Value (HCLTV)
It stands for High Combined Loan to Value it is similar to the CLTV because it takes into consideration the total loans on the property. The difference between the two is this ratio considers the full available line amount.
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Home Equity loan
As a homeowner, you have the option to tap into your home's equity and borrow money using it as collateral. This is called a home equity loan, but is also known as a second mortgage since it is in addition to the actual home loan.
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Home inspection
As a borrower, you may need to get a home inspection done, where a professional evaluates the condition of the house based on a visual assessment. The report will give you details on any problems with condition of the home.
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Home Mortgage Disclosures Act (HMDA) also known as Reg C – “Chumda”
HMDA’s purpose is to provide the public with information that shows if depository institutions are serving the housing credit needs of the communities in which they are located. HMDA requires the lender to gather and compile information both on the applications for mortgage as well as for the loans purchased. The lender must then report this information in a LAR “Loan Application Register.” The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) serves as the federal supervising agency. HUD is required to issue a report concerning the lender’s lending activity during the previous calendar year. The lender must make this report available to the general public for review and inspection.
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Homeowner’s Protection Act (HPA)
HPA = PMI A law passed in the United States Congress and signed by President Bill Clinton in 1998. It is designed to protect homeowners who have mortgages on their homes that include private mortgage insurance or PMI.
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HUD
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development is a government organization that works to increase affordable housing by implementing programs and policies that stimulate the real estate market.
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HUD-1 Settlement Statement
The HUD-1 Settlement Statement was a document that outlined home loan terms. It was replaced by the Closing Disclosure form as of October, 2015, under the administration of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
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Income Fraud
Reporting inaccurate income information to get a better deal, or a bigger loan, is another common form of mortgage fraud. Basically, someone fudging the facts on income is trying to qualify for a mortgage loan they otherwise may not get. Like home appraisal fraud, income fraud comes with some warning signs attached, including generic, instead of specific job titles, and the inability of the mortgage lender to confirm an applicant's employer of record. Another warning sign—a mortgage applicant's employment income filed doesn't match the household assets or bank statements.
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Index
is a financial indicator of inflation. The specific ARM program dictates the index used to determine the interest rate. Examples of an index are:  1-Year Treasury Bill (T-Bill)  Constant Maturity Treasury (CMT)  Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)  Cost of Funds Index (COFI)
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Installment
Installment credit involves a set amount borrowed, a set monthly payment and a set timeframe of repayment. Interest charges are pre-determined and calculated into the set monthly payments. Common forms of installment credit agreements are home mortgages and auto loans. Installment credit is also typically secure. Secure credit requires security for the lender. The borrower must provide collateral, something of value pledge in order to guarantee loan repayment. If the borrower fails to repay, or defaults on the loan, the lender may confiscate the collateral. A home is an example of collateral on a mortgage, and a vehicle on an auto loan. If the borrower were to default, the home or vehicle would be repossessed.
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Interest Only (IO)
lower monthly payments are given to the customer for a set period because only the interest is being paid on the loan. No money is going towards principle during this time, which means the principle loan balance remains the same. Once the set interest only period is over, the loan re-amortizes to include principle over the remaining term - which causes a dramatic increase in the monthly payment.
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Interest Rate
is a percentage of the loan amount that you pay the lender as the cost for borrowing money. A mortgage can have a fixed or adjustable interest rate.
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Involuntary Conveyance
Transfer is involuntary where it occurs contrary to the owner’s intention. Common involuntary conveyances are:  Eminent Domain: The government exercises its power to condemn private property for public use, such as building a road, and compensates the owner.  Adverse Possession: Ownership of another’s property can be claimed by possessing and using the property openly as one’s own. Often known as “squatter’s rights”, it may be possible for ownership rights to shift to the possessor, if use and possession continue uninterrupted for a required period.  Foreclosure: A mortgaged property is sold in a legal process to pay an outstanding debt resulting from default on the mortgage, failure to pay real estate taxes, or another encumbrance.  Intestate Succession: When an individual dies, without a valid will in place, property owned by the individual will be transferred according to local law in a conveyance known as Intestate Succession.
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ISAOA/ATIMA
Its Successors and/or Assigns / As Their Interests May Appear
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Joint Loan
When you enter a mortgage agreement with a co-borrower who is equally responsible to repay the loan, it is called a joint loan. Having another credit score and income contributing the loan application can help qualify for a home loan.
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Joint Tenancy
Property is owned by two or more persons at the same time in equal shares. Unity of time, title, interest, and possession is vested in each joint tenant (four unities). Each joint tenant has an undivided right to possess the whole property and a proportionate right of equal ownership interest. When one joint tenant dies, his/her interest automatically vests to the surviving joint tenant(s) by operation of law. Words in the deed such as "John and Mary, as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common", establishes title in joint tenancy. Some states do not allow this form of property ownership.
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Judicial Foreclosure
There are certain states that require foreclosure procedures to occur judicially. A judicial foreclosure is an action conducted through the court in the state where the property is located. This means that a legal process must occur in court before a property can be foreclosed and sold.  Foreclosure – This is commenced with a judicial proceeding in civil court, usually in the legal jurisdiction of the property location and always with local outside counsel  Strict Foreclosure - This is another form of foreclosure by a judicial proceeding occurring in civil court, but there is no public sale  Decree of Judgment of Foreclosure – Divests the mortgagor of title to the property and vests it directly on the mortgagee. This procedure usually requires a finding by the court that the property is insufficient collateral for the debt
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Jumbo loan
A jumbo loan is a mortgage with an amount that exceeds the limits set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. A jumbo loan is a good option if you're looking to buy an expensive, luxury home, can afford a large down payment, and have a great credit score The maximum amount for a conforming loan is $510,400 in most counties, as determined by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). Homes that exceed the local conforming loan limit require a jumbo loan.
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LAR
Loan Application Register.
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LE Loan Estimate
A three-page disclosure triggered when an application is made to a mortgage company. The loan estimate provides a summary of loan terms, loan costs and other closing costs
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Leasehold
the holding of property by lease. Often contrasted with freehold.
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Leasehold
A form of property ownership where one party buys the right to occupy property for a given length of time usually measured in decades. As the leasehold is a legal estate, it may be purchased and sold. The lease holder has the right to occupy the property paying rent to the owner until the end of the lease.
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Lender
Your lender is the person or institution granting you a mortgage loan. Lenders loan you money to buy a home, with the understanding that you will make regular payments, with interest, to pay off the loan
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Lien Theory
o The borrower will hold the deed to the real estate property for the life of the mortgage. The buyer promises to make payments on the mortgage according to the terms spelled out in the financing agreement
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Living Trusts
If mortgages are closing in the name of a living trust, a trust agreement must be provided, that meets investors guidelines.
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LO
The loan officer works at the lending institution where you've applied for a mortgage at. They are responsible for matching a mortgage program to your needs and processing your loan application.
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Loan application
To get the mortgage process underway, you have to fill out and submit a loan application to your lender. The application form and its supporting documents are used to determine your eligibility for the home mortgage.
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Loan Balance
Your loan balance is the amount you still owe on the mortgage principal, which is the original sum you borrowed. A portion of your monthly payments go towards paying off the balance.
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Loan Origination
is the process by which a borrower applies for a new loan, and a lender processes that application. Origination generally includes all the steps from taking a loan application up to disbursal of funds (or declining the application).
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Loan Processing
The gathering and analyzing of loan documents and verifications to complete the loan file and submit for approval.
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Loan Term
A loan term is the amount of time during which a borrower makes monthly payments towards a home loan. The loan term is subject to change, depending on the borrower's payment habits and possible refinancing of the mortgage.
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Loan to Value Ratio
The loan-to-value ratio compares the loan amount to the actual value of the house. The LTV metric is used to determine the risk of granting a mortgage loan, as well as the mortgage insurance rates and costs that go with it.
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Locking
a mortgage interest rate means you'll have a rate that won't budge from the time your lender offers it to you until you close on your home loan.
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LPA
Loan Product Advisor
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LPA
Loan Product Advisor
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LTV
Loan to Value
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Mail away Closing
 Two borrowers are signing in different locations at different times. (Can be done as a Full or A La Cart Closing)
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Margin:
is the constant amount added to the index to determine the new interest rate at each adjustment. This has a direct effect on the customer’s new payment
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MBS
mortgage-backed security (MBS) is an investment similar to a bond that is made up of a bundle of home loans bought from the banks that issued them.
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MC
Mortgage Consultant
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Merged In-file
The contents of the report are not verbally verified. They are computer generated by the credit agencies. A merged in-file must contain information from all 3 national credit bureaus (repositories): Experian, TransUnion, and Equifax
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MIP
Mortgage Insurance Premium Is needed to qualify for an FHA-approved loan, you will be required to pay a mortgage insurance premium. This insurance protects lenders from incurring a loss in case you are unable to make monthly payments
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Monthly Payment
Monthly payments are made to pay off a mortgage loan. The amount goes towards paying the principal balance and interest, and is determined according to the down payment, term, interest rate and cost of the property.
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Mortgage Banker
 An individual, firm or corporation  Originates, sells and services loans primarily  May be a subsidiary of a bank  Rely on sales on the Secondary Market
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Mortgage Broker
 Sells loans to banks and mortgage bankers  May or may not close loans in their own name  Do not retain servicing of loans
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Mortgage Closing
When buying a home, the mortgage closing on a home is the final step in the transaction between you and the seller. This settlement meeting is when property title is handed over to the new homeowner, and funds are transferred to the seller in exchange.
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Mortgage Instruments
evidences the mortgage lender’s security interest in the real property. In most states, this instrument is a “mortgage” in other states it is a “deed of trust” or a “security trust deed”. The mortgage instrument gives a complete legal description of the property and provides for conveyance of the property from the borrower (Mortgagor) to the lender (Mortgagee) in case of default on the note. There will always be at least two mortgage instruments required to have a valid transaction. The first will create the debt or promise to pay, and the second will secure the loan to their property. Generally, these are done with a Promissory Note and a Mortgage or Deed of Trust.
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Mortgage Insurance Requirements
All FHA loans require Mortgage Insurance Premium FHA charges  Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP) o (an amount equal to 1.75% of the mortgage (loan amount)  The UFMIP is added to the loan amount to calculate the total loan amount.  Monthly Mortgage Insurance Premium o (based on the initial LTV ratio and loan term)
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Mortgage Servicing
Mortgage servicing plays a vital role in the management of mortgage loans, from origination to final disposition. It is the final step in the mortgage process and generally has the longest duration. Servicing a mortgage typically involves collecting payments and handling customer service, escrow accounts, collections, loan modifications, bankruptcy, and foreclosures.
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Mortgage Surveys
The mortgage survey shows the perimeter of the subject property and all the structures located within that boundary. It also lists the legal description of the property. The title company determines if a survey is required. A copy of an existing survey may be acceptable with a borrower certification that there have been no changes on the property since the survey was performed. The survey should show:  Easements or encroachments  Access to and from the property  Flood zone boundaries
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Multiple FHA Loans
A borrower may only have one FHA insured loan at a time with four exceptions:  Job Relocation (minimum distance 100 miles)  Increase in Family Size (if approved, the first mortgage must be paid down to 75% LTV)  Vacating a Jointly Owned Property  Non-Occupying Co-Borrower
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net proceeds
Net proceeds are the final amount a seller receives from the sale of an asset after all costs have been taken into consideration. Depending on the asset, the cost can include fees, commissions, advertising costs, and taxes.
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non-arm's length transaction, also known as an arm-in-arm transaction
refers to a business deal in which buyers and sellers have an identity of interest; in short, buyers and sellers have an existing relationship, whether business-related or personal.
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Non-Conforming Loan
A non-conforming loan is a loan that fails to meet bank criteria for funding. Reasons include the loan amount is higher than the conforming loan limit (for mortgage loans), lack of sufficient credit, the unorthodox nature of the use of funds, or the collateral backing it.
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Non-Judicial Foreclosure
This type of foreclosure is processed without court intervention. The requirements concerning the foreclosure process are determined by state law.  In non-judicial foreclosure states, the security instrument allows foreclosure by exercise of the power of sale. 30% of active foreclosure cases are in non-judicial states. Court supervised action is not required to conduct the foreclosure sale. Notices  In certain states, a Notice of Default is required which provides the borrower with a specific timeframe by which the default can be cured to avoid foreclosure  A Notice of Sale is required. The NOS can be posted at the property, at the courthouse, or advertised in the local newspaper
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Non-QM Loans
these loans do not meet the standards of a qualified mortgage (QM) and use non-traditional methods to get a borrower qualified. Guidelines focus on the “bigger picture” of a customer’s credit and income history but still follow proving the borrower’s ability to repay the loan. NewRez has a Smart Series of Non-QM products that are nationally recognized
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Non-Traditional Credit
Customers without established credit that have a true zero credit score may still qualify for a mortgage. In some cases, a letter from the customer stating they do not have established credit and the reasoning is required. Non-traditional credit must demonstrate a minimum 12 months positive payment history and the credit sources must require the borrower to make periodic payments on a regular basis, not more than quarterly.
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Note Rate
Note Rate is the mortgage rate stated on a promissory note. It is also known as the Nominal Rate or Face Interest Rate
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Obama Mortgage
The Home Affordable Refinance Program (HARP) was an initiative put forward during the Obama administration, that offers a number of options designed to help homeowners, depending on their individual circumstances.
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Occupancy Affidavit and Name Affidavit
An Occupancy Affidavit is a document signed by borrowers to indicate their intention to occupy the property used as collateral on the mortgage. A Name Affidavit is signed by each borrower, disclosing all known names and aliases the borrower may have used.
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Occupancy Fraud
With occupancy fraud, the fastest growing type of mortgage fraud, applicants deliberately misrepresent their intended use of the property. For example, a consumer may fraudulently disclose to a lender that they'll live in the house when they really intend to rent it out. This is done because applicants who occupy a house usually qualify for lower interest rates and down payments than those who are buying investment properties.
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One-Time Close Loan
The FHA One-Time Close Construction-to-Permanent Loan is a secure, government-backed mortgage program available for one-unit stick-built primary residences, new manufactured housing for primary residences (no singlewides), and modular homes.
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Open credit
Open credit is rarer, and many people won’t ever see it on their credit reports. Open credit refers to accounts that you can borrow from up to a maximum amount (like a credit card) but which must also be paid back in full each month. Open credit is generally associated with charge cards — not to be confused with the credit cards used for revolving credit.
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Origination Fee
A lot of work goes into processing a mortgage transaction. As the one borrowing money, you will be required to pay an origination fee to cover the costs of putting the mortgage in place.
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other VA qualifying services
 Public Health Service  Cadets at Service Academies  Certain Merchant Seaman
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PAR rate
Par yield (or par rate) denotes in finance, the coupon rate for which the price of a bond is equal to its nominal value (or par value ). It is used in the design of fixed interest securities and in constructing interest rate swaps .
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Patriot Act
A law passed shortly after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States giving law enforcement agencies increased, broad powers to bring terrorists to justice.
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PIW
Property Inspection Waiver
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PMI
In the case of conventional loans, you will need to pay for Private Mortgage Insurance. Many lenders require it so that they are protected from huge losses in the event of a borrower defaulting on a mortgage.
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Points
Are one-time fees collected at the closing to buy the rate down
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Power of Attorney (POA)
A POA is a legal designation allowing someone to act as another’s attorney-in-fact, or to have the authority, rights, and responsibility to perform certain functions, such as execute documents, administer accounts, and perform other legal functions on behalf of that person. If a borrower wished to use a power of attorney at a mortgage closing, the investors guidelines must be followed.
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Prepaid Items and what do they include?
``` Prepaid items are amounts that are required by the lender to be paid when a loan closes, in advance of their due dates  Taxes  Accrued interest  Association dues  Mortgage insurance premiums  Hazard insurance premiums ```
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Prepayment
By making prepayments on a home loan, you are paying off your principal loan earlier than the amortization schedule, and reducing the total amount you pay in interest towards the mortgage.
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Pricing Concession
Price concession or purchase price concession is an adjustment to the purchase price agreed to in the letter of intent and it is completed before the final closing of the initial transaction.
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Pricing Concessions
A pricing concession gives NewRez the opportunity to meet or beat the competition when a customer is offered a lower rate and point combination from another lender. There are other reasons an Originator can request a concession, such as, to have a rate extension’s cost covered by NewRez or for a service-related issue. Whatever the reasoning, the request is made through the Pricing Portal in JIRA. The Originator builds the request ticket and can attach supporting documentation to the ticket. Once submitted, the request will automatically travel through the concession approval hierarchy built into the portal until someone with the proper authority approves it. Once approved, the ticket travels to Pricing where the concession is applied and re-disclosures are triggered.
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primary housing ratio (front ratio)
The front-end debt-to-income ratio (DTI) is a variation of the DTI that calculates how much of a person's gross income is going toward housing costs.
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Primary Market Lenders include
Mortgage Banker, Mortgage Broker, Banks, Credit unions, Correspondent lenders and wholesalers
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Primary Mortgage Market Lenders
originated loans directly to borrowers would now be able to have a constant pool of funds by selling the loans to Fannie Mae. In turn Fannie Mae packaged the loans into multimillion-dollar blocks of securities and sold them to investors in the financial markets. This process is called pooling
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Principal
is the initial size of a loan or a bond Excluding interest, this is the amount you owe in order to pay back the money borrowed from the lender.
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Principle & Interest (P&I)
as payments are made, some of the money goes towards the principle loan balance and the other portion goes towards the interest due on the loan. In the beginning of a loan term, a larger portion of the payment goes towards interest with the smaller portion going towards the principle. As you continue to pay into the loan term, eventually more and more of the payment goes towards principle and less towards interest. This is because the interest on the loan is to be paid quicker.
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Principle and Interest
Principle and Interest (P&I) is part of the customer’s monthly mortgage payment. To calculate the P&I, you need to know the desired loan amount, the loan term, and the interest rate the customer is considering. Obtain the rate factor that corresponds to the desired interest rate and term. Use the formula below to calculate the P&I payments.
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Promissory note or also known as the note
A promissory note, sometimes referred to as a note payable, is a legal instrument, in which one party promises in writing to pay a determinate sum of money to the other, either at a fixed or determinable future time or on demand of the payee, under specific terms the note creates the debt and outlines the obligation to repay the debt. The promissory note is a written, signed, unconditional promise to pay a certain amount of money on demand at a specified time.
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Property tax
Property taxes are paid to the governing body of the area your house is located in. The amount you pay depends on the area and the type of property.
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Property title
states you are the owner of the home you purchased. The title company issues the document as evidence that you bought the property legally, and no one else has claims to it.
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PUD
A planned unit development (PUD) is a type of building development and also a regulatory process. As a building development, it is a designed grouping of both varied and compatible land uses, such as housing, recreation, commercial centers, and industrial parks, all within one contained development or subdivision .
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PUD
Planned unit Development
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Purchase Contract
A binding agreement between two or more parties for the purchase, exchange, or other conveyance of real property.
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Quit Claim Deed
Transfers an owner’s interest to another and terminates the owner’s claim to the property
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Quitclaim Deed
Used when one homeowner decides to give up legal rights to the other homeowner- usually in the case of divorce or break-up. While the quitclaim deed does relieve legal responsibilities for the property, it does not cancel any mortgage interest the quit claimer has in the property. So, any remaining borrower on the mortgage may still have to pay it.
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Rate Caps: what are the 3 ARM rate caps
Rate Caps: they determine a maximum percent change for each adjustment. Each ARM has three rate caps:  Initial: the highest % added to the start rate (at initial adjustment after the fixed period)  Periodic: the highest % above the current rate at a set interval of time (every six months or annual)  Lifetime: the highest % above the start rate for the life of the loan
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Rate Factor
The rate factor is determined by the interest rate and term of the loan. A rate factor chart is available online, however, you will never need to calculate P&I manually. The purpose of discussing it is to help you understand how principal and interest gets calculated into a monthly payment……through a rate factor.
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Rate Lock Cancellation
If a rate lock is cancelled, the customer is subject to worst case scenario pricing for 30 days (the lower of current lock plus re-lock fees and current market rate). Once a customer is 30 days from a lock cancellation, they have a clean slate and are subject to current market conditions with no additional fees. The customer cannot benefit from cancelling a lock unless the current market rate after 30 days has improved from the original lock.
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RATE OPTIONS
There are typically 2 rate options: Lock and Float
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Rate/Term Refinance
A rate-and-term refinance alters an existing mortgage's interest rate or without advancing new money.
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RD Loan
The United States Department of Agriculture or known as USDA Rural Development (RD) Loan This mortgage type reduces costs for home buyers in rural and suburban areas. USDA loans are zero-down-payment mortgages and are issued through the USDA Rural Development Guaranteed Housing Loan Program, by the United States Department of Agriculture. These loans must be sent to RD for loan guarantee prior to closing. It also important to note that total household income will be analyzed as part of the approval.
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Representative Credit Score
a statistical rating that assesses the likely future performance on a loan or other credit obligation. Scores tell us how likely borrowers are to pay debts as agreed and use credit wisely. A minimum of two credit bureau scores must be obtained to determine the representative credit score for each borrower
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Residential Mortgage Credit Report (RMCR or Full Factual)
The contents of the report are computer generated and are verbally verified by the borrower as well as each individual creditor
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Residual Income pertain to VA
``` VA requires that veterans have a minimum amount of money left-over each month, depending on the loan amount and family size, after the following items are deducted from the gross monthly income:  Monthly mortgage payment  Installment loans  Revolving debt  Child Care/Support/Alimony  Estimated utility costs ```
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RESPA Reg X RespecX your borrower
Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act has two main purposes: (1) to mandate certain disclosures in connection with the real estate settlement process so home purchasers can make informed decisions regarding their real estate transactions; and (2) to prohibit certain unlawful practices by real estate settlement providers, such as kickbacks and referral fees, that can drive up settlement costs for home buyers.
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Reverse Mortgage
A reverse mortgage's loan balance increases over time, because payments are not made until the borrower moves or dies. This is a popular option for seniors, if they are looking to supplement their income.
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Reverse Mortgages
enables homeowners, who are 62 or older, to convert part of the equity of their home into tax free income without having to sell the home or make payments to the lender as they would with a traditional mortgage. The equity can be taken as a lump sum or paid monthly to the customer by the lender. The loan is repaid when the customer no longer occupies the property (home is sold or customer is deceased).
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Revolving Credit
This form of credit allows you to borrow money up to a certain amount. The lending institution sets a credit limit, or the most you can borrow. In revolving credit, the borrower revolves the balance by rolling from month to month until it is paid in full. Interest charges typically occur for any revolving balance. As the money is paid back, the difference between the maximum credit limit and the current balance is available to be borrowed. This is the most common form of credit issued by credit cards, such as Visa, MasterCard, and store and gas cards. Credit cards are considered unsecure credit because there is no collateral securing the amount borrowed.
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Right of Rescission
A period of 3 full business days after closing on their primary residence in which customers can cancel a refinance transaction. The rescission period begins the day after closing and expires at midnight the third day. Saturday is considered a business day, but Sundays and Federal Holidays are not. Loan proceeds are distributed only after the rescission expires.
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Schedule C
Schedule C is used to report self-employment business income. This is income that you go out and actually "do" something to earn it. This income is reported on SCH C and in addition to the regular income tax, is also subject to the additional self-employment tax, if that SCH C income is more than $399 for the tax year. The Self-Employment tax is basically the employer's side of your social security and Medicare. It gets credited to the Social Security account of the business owner listed on the SCH C, and nobody else.
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Schedule E
Schedule E is used to report "passive" income. This income is either rental income you receive because you own rental property, or a royalty payment you receive. Passive income is not subject to the additional self-employment tax, and that's why it's reported on SCH E. Passive income is income that you receive, but don't actually work for and "earn".
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Second Mortgage
Second mortgages are loans taken out on property that is already being used as collateral for a home loan. These loans can be in the form of a home equity loan, or home equity line of credit.
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Secondary Marketing
Secondary Marketing develops new products and maintains current products. They also set rates and sell loans to investors
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Secondary Mortgage Market
where mortgage loans originated by primary lenders were sold as securities to financial investors. The introduction of Fannie Mae helped mortgage originations become more structured, efficient and fair nationwide.
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Seller Concession/Assist
sometimes also referred to as a “seller assist” - is a gift that the sellers give buyers in order to reduce the upfront cost of buying a home.
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Servicing Disclosure Statement
The consumer is notified that the lender may transfer the servicing of their mortgage to another lender or party. The consumer’s rights under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act are also provided.
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Servicing/Loan Administration
Essentially, loan administration consists of the administrative tasks necessary to manage closed loans.
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Shipping/Delivery
The preparation, packaging and delivery of loan documents to an investor according to the terms of the commitment. Investor commitments require loan delivery by a specified date and according to stated investor requirements.
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Single Family Home
A single family home is classified as an individual, unattached dwelling structure. For the purposes of an FHA loan, it is an owner occupied home, which means that the borrower must intend to use the home as their primary residence.
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SLA
Service Level Agreement is a contract between a service provider and its customers that documents what services the provider will furnish and defines the service standards the provider is obligated to meet.
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SMS
Shellpoint Mortgage Service
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SOFR
The Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by Treasury securities
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Sole Ownership
Property is owned entirely by one person. Words in the deed such as "John, a single man", establishes title as sole ownership.
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Sources of Funds for Down Payment and Closing Costs
 Bank accounts: checking, savings, money markets o Large deposits: borrowers may need to provide an explanation and documentation proving the funds are from an acceptable source  Earnest Money Deposit (EMD): money given to the selling agent or title company during the signing of the contract as a sign of good faith; gets credited towards cash needed at closing and must be verified  Gifts: from an acceptable donor; depending on the product, may have to verify donor ability, transfer of funds, and receipt of funds  Certificate of Deposit (CD)  Stocks, Bonds, Mutual Funds: only 70% of the face value of the asset is used for qualification for some products  IRA/401K/Keoghs/Retirement: funds that have penalties for early withdrawal plus taxes must be considered conservatively and are thus evaluated at 60% of their net vested value for some products  Net Proceeds: from the sale of an existing home, net proceeds are an acceptable source for down payment/closing costs. A conservative calculation for net proceeds is to take 10% of the sales price and subtract outstanding liens
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Special Warranty Deed
Warranty limited only to claims which occurred after the grantor obtained the real estate (more common for commercial property sales and transfers)
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Straw Buyer Fraud
This form of mortgage fraud occurs when a bogus buyer (real estate professionals call them "straw buyers") allows a would-be homebuyer to assume another person's identity to get an approval on a mortgage loan. The straw buyer typically has better credit than the homebuyer, likely has higher income and lower debt, and stands a much stronger chance of getting approved for a home loan than the intended homeowner. After the home is sold, the deed to the property may be shifted over to the intended owner. The fake buyer may have had his or her identity stolen and may not know that his or her name, credit, and financial data are being used to perpetuate mortgage fraud.
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Streamline Refinance
is an option for homeowners looking to lower the interest rate and monthly payments on their existing FHA mortgage. This lets borrowers refinance with a process that is streamlined to cut down on the time and effort spent.
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Subordinate Financing
Subordinate financing is any loan secured by the subject property other than the first mortgage. Also known as Secondary Financing or Junior Liens. The debt from the subordinate financing will be included in the debt ratios. There are basically two types of second mortgages:  True Second Mortgages (aka Fixed Rate Second)  Equity Lines (aka Home Equity Line of Credit or HELOC)
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Subordination Agreement
Written contract in which a lender who has secured a loan by a mortgage or deed of trust agrees with the property owner to subordinate the first lien position to a new loan (thus giving the new loan priority in any foreclosure or payoff). The agreement must be acknowledged by a notary so it can be recorded in the official county records.
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Subprime Mortgage
subprime mortgages to borrowers with low credit scores who don't usually qualify for most other home loans. These loans tend to have very high interest rates to protect lenders in the event that the borrower defaults.
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T-Bill
A Treasury Bill (T-Bill) is a short-term U.S. government debt obligation backed by the Treasury Department with a maturity of one year or less
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Tax lien
A tax lien is a legal claim against the assets of an individual or business who fails to pay taxes owed to the government. In general, a lien serves to guarantee payment of a debt such as a loan or, in this case, taxes. If the obligation is not satisfied, the creditor may proceed to seize the assets.
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Taxes and Insurance
Property taxes and hazard insurance are included with the P&I in a customer’s total monthly mortgage payment. Taxes are monthly real estate property taxes for which the customer is responsible. Insurance refers to the monthly hazard (homeowners) insurance (HOI) and/or flood insurance, homeowner’s association dues (HOA), and private mortgage insurance (PMI), when applicable. HOA does are included for qualification but are not included in the borrower’s actual payment. Property taxes, HOI, and HOA dues will vary based on the subject property.
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Temporary Buydowns
for a cost at closing, the interest rate is reduced during the initial specified number of years gradually increasing each year until the rate becomes fixed at the note rate.
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Tenancy by Entirety
Some states have a special form of joint tenancy where the joint tenants are husband and wife, with each owning one-half interest. Neither spouse can sell the property without the consent of the other. Words in the deed such as "John and Mary, husband and wife as tenancy by entirety", establishes title in tenancy by entireties.
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Tenancy in Common
Property is owned by two or more persons at the same time. The proportionate interests and right to possess and enjoy the property between the tenants in common need not be equal. Upon death, the decedent’s interest passes to his/her heirs named in the will, who then become new tenants in common with the surviving tenants in common. None of the tenants in common automatically receive the share of the decedent. There is no right of survivorship as with joint tenants. The words in the deed such as "Peter, Paul, John and Mary as tenants in common", establishes tenancy in common.
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The components of the ATR and QM Rules are
 Consideration and verification of the borrower’s credit history  All the borrower’s consumer and long-term debt  All mandatory expenses associated with owning the home  All mortgage loan payments
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The components of the ATR and QM Rules are:
Consideration and verification of the borrower’s credit history All the borrower’s consumer and long-term debt All mandatory expenses associated with owning the home All mortgage loan payments
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The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) Also Known as Reg P - Privacy
was designed to ensure that financial institutions, including mortgage brokers and lenders, protect nonpublic personal information of consumers by protecting personal information from unauthorized release and disclosure, offering consumers the opportunity to limit the exchange of their personal information, and advising consumers of the company’s policy in regards to the use and sharing of personal information.
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The Mortgage or Deed of Trust
Depending on state requirements, either a Mortgage or a Deed of Trust document will be signed at closing. Also known as security instruments, these documents secure the promissory Note, which is also signed at closing. These documents contain important clauses specifying the rights and obligations of each party.
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Third Party Providers
Third Party Service Providers form discloses to the consumer any third parties that will provide service to them. A PMI company is an example of a third-party service provider. The name of the party that provides credit reports is another example. If a consumer is declined for a loan, he or she may contact the credit reporting bureau to request a copy of their credit report at no charge.
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TIL
Truth in lending
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TILA The Truth-in-Lending statement provides
ARP, Finance charges, Amount Financed, total payments, CHARM
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TILA Also Known as Reg Z Tila the Zila
designed to promote the informed use of consumer credit, by requiring disclosures about its terms and cost to standardize the manner in which costs associated with borrowing are calculated and disclosed.
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TILA/RESPA Integrated Disclosure Rule (TRID)
Seeks to simplify standard loan documentation, limit fees charged to consumers, make documentation easier to understand, aid consumers in comparison shopping, and prevent surprises at the closing table. TRID also clarifies timing requirements for disclosures of final loan terms and costs.
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Title
The legal right of ownership to the property
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Title commitment
The instrument provided by the title agency as the “binding” instrument to essentially offer to a title insurance policy
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Title Commitment
A title commitment is the document by which a title insurer discloses to all parties connected with a particular real estate transaction all the liens, defects, and burdens and obligations that affect the subject property
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Title insurance
Insurances that protects against the loss to the title of the property
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Title insurance policy
Offers coverage to the bank or lender that is financing the property. It insures against financial loss from defects in title to real property and from inaccuracy or unenforceability of mortgage loans.
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Title Insurances exceptions
1) Rights of parties in possession (this exception would include, for example, the rights of a tenant with an unexpired lease term) 2) Encroachments, boundary issues, and other matters that an accurate survey would disclose 3) Any easements not shown on public records. Common easements are to:  Enable sewer or other utility lines to be installed  Allow access to a property Some examples of easements are:  Easement by necessity  Light and Air easement  Utility easement  Conservation easement  Preservation easement 4) Construction and worker’s compensation liens.
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Title Theory
Lender holds legal title until mortgage debt is paid in full
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Total Housing Payment - PITI
1. PRINCIPLE 2. INTEREST 3. TAXES 4. INSURANCE a. HOI (Hazard/Homeowner’s Insurance) b. Flood Insurance c. PMI (any kind of mortgage insurance)
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total obligation ratio (back ratio)
The back-end ratio is calculated by adding together all of a borrower's monthly debt payments and dividing the sum by the borrower's monthly income
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True Second Mortgage
A true second mortgage sometimes referred to as a fixed rate second or closed end second mortgage and has four different characteristics:  Fixed initial loan amount, declining principal balance  Fixed term  Fixed interest rate  Fixed amortizing payments over life of loan
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Types of Credit Reports
Merged In-file, Residential Mortgage Credit Report (RMCR or Full Factual)
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Types of Property Ownership
The two types of property ownership are Fee Simple and Leasehold
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UCS
Universal Credit Services
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Underwriting
The evaluation of documents to determine if the loan should be approved or declined or suspended if needed more information. Underwriting analyzes the lender’s risk in making the loan.
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Uniform Residential Loan Application (URLA/1003)
A form that lenders use to record information about a borrower for the purpose of granting a mortgage loan.
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Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP)
A mortgage insurance fee paid once and typically financed into the loan amount for all FHA loans (Default Insurance).
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URAR
Uniform Residential Appraisal Report (URAR)
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URLA or 1003 Form
Uniform Residential Loan Application , is a standard form that contains all the information necessary for a lender to establish the risk profile of a borrower. All requests for residential mortgage loans are processed using this application, whether the loans are for home purchases, refinancing, or residential home construction.
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USDA RD
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) sets lending guidelines for the program, which is why it is also called the USDA Rural Development (RD) Loan. This mortgage type reduces costs for home buyers in rural and suburban areas These loans must be sent to RD for loan guarantee prior to closing. It also important to note that total household income will be analyzed as part of the approval.
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UW
Underwritter
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VA Entitlement
VA entitlement is a specific dollar amount. Veterans and service members using the VA loan benefit for the first time have their full VA loan entitlement available, which allows qualified buyers in most of the country to borrow up to $453,100 before having to make a down payment is no maximum amount on a VA loan. You can get as much as the lender is willing to give you without the need for a down payment, provided you qualify and have your full VA loan entitlement. Some of the country's most expensive areas have loan limits that exceed the conforming loan limit. Think parts of California, New York, Virginia, Hawaii and a handful of other states.
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VA Mortgages
VA Mortgages are available to veterans of the United States Armed Forces and guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. This type of loan offers a lower down payment requirement than most standard mortgages and comparable interest rates allows eligible veterans to obtain low interest and high LTV loans to buy a home. Spouses of veterans are also able to acquire VA Mortgages even if the veteran is deceased. The VA offers a guaranty on VA financed loans. The guarantee that the government offers with VA loans is a promise to repay lenders a portion of a loan balance if a veteran’s loan goes into foreclosure. Because these loans are guaranteed by the government, these loans do not require mortgage insurance. Generally, all Veterans using the VA Home Loan Guaranty benefit must pay a Funding Fee. This reduces the loan’s cost to taxpayers considering there is no down payment required and no monthly mortgage insurance.
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VOE
Verification of employment
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VOI
Verification of income
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Voluntary Conveyance
Transfer or conveyance is voluntary when one party voluntarily sells or transfers title to another. Some common voluntary conveyances are:  Bequest by will and testament: Property is transferred to a designated recipient through a legally valid will.  Gift: The owner of a property voluntarily bestows a property to another without compensation.  Negotiated transaction: the owner of a property conveys title through a sale or a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure
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VOM
Verification of Mortgage
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VVOE
Verbal Verification of Employment
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Warehousing
The financing of loans from closing until sale to an investor. The money to finance the loan is in most cases borrowed through a short-term, revolving line of credit established with one or more commercial banks.
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Warranty Deed
Used when a homeowner owns the home free and clear, meaning there are no other liens or claims on the property.
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What are the advantages of a mortgage escrow service for lenders?
The lender is assured that insurance premiums will always be up to date, so its asset (the home) is protected in the event of destruction. Depending on the state, lenders can earn interest on the escrow funds held by the servicer. Escrow accounts can contribute to the lender’s revenue.
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what are the terms of the note?
``` The terms of the promissory note include the following:  Loan amount and term  Interest rate and APR  Payment amount and due date  Prepayment Penalty (if applicable)  Late payment fees  Make payment to ```
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What dose ARP generally include?
```  Points  Loan Processing Fees  Underwriting Fees  Document Prep Fees  PMI  Appraisal Fee  Credit Report Fees  Loan Application Fees  Origination Fees  Commitment Fees ```
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What dose title insurance not protect against?
 Eminent domain  Police powers, includes zoning issues, use of property regulations, and setback requirements & building height restrictions not recorded in the public records.  Title defects the lender was aware of but did not disclose.  Bankruptcy proceedings
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What is in a Closing Documents?
Deed, General Warranty, Special Warranty Deed, Quit claim Deed, Hazard insurance policy, Closing Disclosure, Living Trusts, The Mortgage or Deed of trust, Occupancy Affidavit and Name Affidavit, POA, Mortgage Survey.
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what is included in the prepaid items *hint 5
```  Taxes  Accrued interest  Association dues  Mortgage insurance premiums  Hazard insurance premiums ```
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What is the difference between Freddie mac and Fannie mae?
FNMA and FHLMC loans are indeed very similar. They both have agreed to identical pricing. The differences lie within each investor’s assessment of risk. Both investors have their own Automated Underwriting System (AUS) for reading application data, analysis of credit reports, risk determination, and preliminary loan decision. Though both investors have similar basic guidelines like Max LTV(loan to value), Max Loan Amount, etc. there are some differences in guidelines and the way they both assess risk. There are areas where each are more lenient or strict with approval conditions.
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what is the purpose of title insurance
``` The purpose of title insurance is to eliminate risk and prevent losses from defects on title such as:  Forgery  Fraud  Title transfer without the consent of undisclosed or missing heirs or spouses  Confusion due to similar names  Defective deeds  Errors in records or clerical work  Invalid court proceedings  Mistaken legal interpretations ```
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What kind of types of real estate transfer?
Voluntary Conveyance, Involuntary Conveyance
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When determining the borrower’s ability to repay, eight factors must be considered when reviewing the application:
 Income and Assets  Employment Status  Monthly Mortgage payment  Monthly payment on simultaneous loan (second liens) like home equity loan or home equity line of credit-HELOC’s   Property Taxes, Homeowner’s Insurance, and other costs, including Homeowner’s Association Dues  All debts including alimony and child support  Monthly debt to income ratios  Credit history
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When is Escrow Established?
1. At loan origination 2. At the customer’s request or required by the investor guidelines 3. Forced when a customer fails to pay the required taxes on a non-escrowed account 4. With the initiation of a Modification Trial Period for a non-escrowed Account
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when is the LE sent out?
Within 3 days of the application
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When will an escrow analysis be sent out?
 Annual Analysis - RESPA requires mortgage servicers complete an annual analysis for all escrowed accounts, and a statement of activity must be sent to the borrower. The statement will include the history for the previous year and projected escrow payments and disbursements for the coming year.  On Demand Analysis - An analysis performed to determine if any action should be taken due to a shortage or surplus in the escrow account or to comply with a borrower’s request.  Escrow Research - An analysis is completed to ensure planned disbursements will not result in a deficiency.  Final Analysis - A final analysis is performed approximately 25 days after a payoff is received to close out the escrow account and to return surplus funds to the borrower. If a disbursement is pending on a paid-in-full loan with an escrow balance, the analysis can be processed 1-15 days after the closed date.
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Wholesaler
 Underwrite and close loans for brokers  Provide funds for loans  Build servicing portfolio to earn servicing fees  Sell servicing rights for profit
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WVOE
Written Verification of Employment
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WVOE
Written Verification of Employment
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FTC
Federal Trade Commission
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FCC
Federal Communication Commission
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MLC
Mortgage Loan Consult or LO
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Audit Gates
Gate #1, Gate #2
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Gate #1
Pre-Opening Audit – when the MLC is ready topass the loan into Underwriting, they must first pass this audit, completed by a 3rd party vendor, to ensure a complete loan
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Gate #2
Pre-Closing Audit – when the Processor feels ready to pass the loan to Closing, they must first pass this audit, completed by a 3rd party vendor, to ensure the loan is ready to close; audit scores may impact their compensation
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PreQual Status
completed at least the minimum amount of | information needed to pull credit min name or names, income, SSN, Address, estimated value of property and Loan Amount
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Initial Status
LO starts application in salesforce FLOW no Loan number
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Disclose Status
this status means you have a complete application | but have yet to send the Initial Disclosures (6 pieces via TRID) for 3 days then LE needs to be sent
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Opened/ Pending Status
Once the MLC sends Initial Disclosures while working in FLOW, the status automatically changes to Opened/Pending Once Initial Disclosures are sent, an Initial Disclosure Date MLC should immediately sign the 1003
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ITP
Intent to Proceed
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Processing Status
Once the status is changed to Processing, Production Support is assigned to the file and the vendor is notified for preunderwriting audit
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UW Received Status
If the audit passes and the LTV < 75%, we have a PIW, or the loan is VA, the status is changed to UW Received and the loan goes into Underwriting
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Processing Hold_Pending Status
If audit passes and the LTV > 75%, the status is changed to Processing Hold_Pending while we await the appraisal when the appraisal comes in, the file goes into UW Received status
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Processing Hold_Ssupport
If the Vendor Audit Fails due to tasks the MLC missed, the status is changed to Processing Hold_Ssupprt and the loan kicked back to the MLC for corrections
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PIW
Property inspection wavier
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Approved Status
Once the loan is Approved by UW, the Processor is assigned the Processor sends an Intro Email and has 24 hours to complete the Approval Call Processor then completes tasks for Initial CD (ICD) Requirements Once the ICD is sent, the Processor works on getting the final sips cleared by UW
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Approval Call entails
Review the CLA (Conditional Loan Approval)  Communicate/Request conditions/stipulations from all parties  Gather remaining stipulations  Title Review  Order Payoffs/VOMs  HOA Docs  VVOEs  Processor calls Borrower to complete a review of the CLA and to communicate conditions needed  Processor sets proper expectations for final conditions, CD prep and delivery, and closing
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Initial CD (ICD)
```  Approved and Locked  Escrow Setup & HOI  Payoffs Ordered  Compliance Ease  Have MLC confirm cash to close figure (CCWS or screenshot) ```
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the final sips cleared by UW entails
```  Clear Drive conditions  Clear ATS conditions  Update VOE  Update PO  Update FHA case query  Verify cash to close  Verify DU/LP  CLA to sales ```
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Clear to Close (CTC) Status
Once in UW Clear status, the Processor simply must complete any remaining pre-closing conditions and change the status to CTC which then triggers the following: Vendor performs the Pre-Closing Audit
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Docs Requested Status
Once the loan passes the final audit, completed by vendor, the Processor schedules closing with the Closing Agent and submits the loan to the Closing Department by changing the status to Docs Requested.
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Docs Drawn
Works with the Title/Closing/Escrow Agent for Closing Disclosure approval through the Collaboration Portal in DocuTech and changes the status to Docs Drawn When ready, sends out the Closing Package and changes the status o Docs Out
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Funding Status
The Wiring Department will change the status to Funded once the wire has been processed and sent out
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FHA streamline loan
no appraisal no income documents no employee verification