Things to memorize Flashcards

1
Q

What compounds have a number of dissociation particles of:

1

A
  • Dextrose

- Mannitol

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2
Q

What compounds have a number of dissociation particles of:

2

A
  • Potassium chloride (KCL)
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl)
  • Sodium acetate (NAC2H3O2)
  • Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)
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3
Q

What compounds have a number of dissociation particles of:

3

A
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl2)
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4
Q

What compounds have a number of dissociation particles of:

4

A

Sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O2)

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5
Q

What is the formula to find E during Isotonicity calculatios?

A

E = (58.5) (i) / (MW of the drug) (1.8)

Where:

i = Dissociation factor

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6
Q

What compounds have a number of Valence of:

2

A
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl2)
  • Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
  • Ferrous sulfate (FeSO4)
  • Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)

NOTE: all the rest have valence of 1

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7
Q

Number of dissociated ions of = What is the Dissociation Factor aka ionization (i)

1 ions = ?
2 ions = ?
3 ions = ?
4 ions = ?
5 ions = ?
A
Number of dissociated ions of = Dissociation Factor aka ionization (i)
1 ions = 1
2 ions = 1.8
3 ions = 2.6
4 ions = 3.4 
5 ions = 4.2
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8
Q

Formula for mmol

A

mmole = mg / MW

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9
Q

What is the conversion factor of KCl b/w tablet to liquid?

A

KCl 10% = 20mEq/15ml

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10
Q

What is the formula to determine fluid needs?

A

When weight is > 20kg :

1,500mg + (20ml * (weight in kg - 20))

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11
Q

Which method of feeding is preferred,

Parenteral or Enteral?

A

Enteral

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12
Q

What is the formula for Total Energy Expenditure (TEE)?

A

TEE = BEE * Activity factor * Stress factor

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13
Q

In Parenteral feeding, what is the calories provided by Injectable Lipid Emulsion 10%?

A

1.1 kcal/ml

Notice: its per mls

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14
Q

In Parenteral feeding, what is the calories provided by Injectable Lipid Emulsion 20%?

A

2 kcal/ml

Notice: its per mls

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15
Q

In Parenteral feeding, what is the calories provided by Injectable Lipid Emulsion 30%?

A

3 kcal/ml

Notice: its per mls

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16
Q

In BOTH Parenteral and Enteral feeding, what is the calories provided by Protein/Amino Acid solutions?

A

4 kcal/g

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17
Q

What is the formula to find Nitrogen intake?

A

Nitrogen Intake = grams of protein / 6.25

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18
Q

In Enteral feeding, what is the calories provided by Carbohydrates?

A

4 kcal/g

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19
Q

In Parenteral feeding, what is the calories provided by Carbohydrates?

A

3.4 kcal/g

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20
Q

In Enteral feeding, what is the calories provided by Fat?

A

9 kcal/g

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21
Q

What is the formulas for Calcium Correction?

A

Ca correction = Serum Ca + [(0.4 - Albumin) * 0.8]

22
Q

What are that fat soluble vitamins?

A

A, D, E, K

23
Q

What drugs have narrow therapeutic index and therefore, during calculations, we must use IBW even if patient is obese?

A
  • Theophylline
  • Aminophylline
  • Acyclovir
  • Levothyroxine
24
Q

What level indicates patient is dehydrated?

A

BUN:SCr ratio > 20:1 = patient is dehydrated

25
Q

When do we use Adjusted Body Weight in CrCl calculations?

A

TBW > IBW

and

BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2

26
Q

When do we use Ideal Body Weight in CrCl calculations?

A

TBW > IBW

and

BMI < 25 kg/m2

27
Q

When do we use Actual Body Weight in CrCl calculations?

A

TBW < IBW

28
Q

How is Arterial Blood Gas ordered in lab results?

A

ABG = pH/pCO2/pO2/HCo3/O2 sat

pH = 7.35 - 7.45
pCO2 = 35 - 45
pO2 = 80 - 100 
HCo3 = 22 - 26
O2 sat = < 95
29
Q

Acidosis defintion?

A

pH < 7.35

30
Q

Alkalosis defintion?

A

pH > 7.45

31
Q

Metabolic Acidosis definition?

A

Decrease in plasma HCO3

Normal HCO3 = 22 - 26 mEq/L

32
Q

Metabolic Alkalosis definition?

A

Increase in plasma HCO3

Normal HCO3 = 22 - 26 mEq/L

33
Q

Respiratory Acidosis definition?

A

Increased pCO2

Normal pCO2 = 35 - 45 mmHg

34
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis definition?

A

Decreased pCO2

Normal pCO2 = 35 - 45 mmHg

35
Q

What are the causes of Anion Gap Acidosis

A

CUTE DIMPLES

Cyanide
Uremia
Toluene
Ethanol
****Diabetic Ketoacidosis 
Isoniazid 
Methanol
Propylene glycol
****Lactic acidosis
Ethylene glycol
Salicylates
36
Q

Formula for Anion gap (AG)

A

AG = Na - Cl - HCO3

37
Q

pH & pKa formula

A

pH = pKa + log [salt/acid]

pH = pKa + log [base/salt]

pH = (pKw - pKb) + log [base/salt]

38
Q

What relationship b/w pH and pKa means that more of the acid is ionized?

A

pH > pKa

39
Q

What relationship b/w pH and pKa means that more of the acid is UN-ionized?

A

pH < pKa

40
Q

What relationship b/w pH and pKa means that ionized and un-ionized forms are equal?

A

pH = pKa

41
Q

ANC (cell/mm3) formula

A

ANC = WBC [ (% segs + % bands) / 100 ]

42
Q

Corrected phenytoin formula

A

Corrected phenytoin= Observed phenytoin / [(0.2 x albumin) + 0.1]

43
Q

Aminophylline to Theophylline conversion

A

ATM

M for multiply by 0.8

44
Q

Elemental of Calcium Carbonate

A

40%

1g of calcium carbonate = 400 mg elemental

45
Q

Elemental of Calcium Citrate

A

21%

1g of calcium citrate = 210 mg element

46
Q

Statin equivalent doses (convertings)

A

Pharmacists Rock At Saving Lives and Preventing Fat

Pitavastatin = 2mg 
Rosuvastatin = 5mg
Atorvastatin = 10mg
Simvastatin = 20mg
Lovastatin = 40mg
Pravastatin = 40mg
Fluvastatin = 80mg
47
Q

Loop diuretic equivalent dosing

A

Bumetanide 1 mg =
Furosemide 40 mg =
Torsemide 20 mg =
Ethacrynic acid 50 mg

48
Q

Metoprolol IV : PO

A

IV : PO

1 : 2.5

49
Q

Furosemide IV : PO

A

IV : PO

1 : 2

50
Q

Systemic steroid dose equivalence

A

Better Defend Mom To People Having Concerns

B - Betamethasone  = 0.6 mg
D - Dexamethasone = 0.75 mg
M - Mehtylprednisolone = 4 mg
T - Triamcinolone = 4 mg
P - Prednisone = 5 mg 
P - Prednisolone = 5 mg 
H - Hydrocortisone = 20 mg 
C - Cortisone = 25 mg
51
Q

Morphin IV/IM/PO, Hydromorphone IV/IM/PO conversion

A

IV/IM PO
Morphine 10 30

Hydromorphone 1.5 7.5

52
Q

BSA (m2) formula…

A

BSA (m2) = [√ (cm x kg) / 3600]