Things to Know Flashcards
prime number
- ex?
any whole # greater than 1 that has only 2 factors (itself and 1) meaning, a number that can only be divided by 1 and itself
- ex: 2, 3, 5, 7 etc.
composite number
- ex?
any whole # greater than 1 that has more than 2 diff. factors, AKA any whole number that is NOT a prime #
- ex: 1, 2, 4, 8, etc.
rational numbers
all integers, decimals and fractions (even a repeating decimal #)
irrational numbers
cannot be written as fractions or decimals bc the # of decimal places is infinite (ex: pi)
for the # 14, 059. 273, what are the place values of each #?
1: ten thousandth
4: thousandth
0: hundredth
5: tenth
9: one
2: tenth
7: hundredth
3: thousandth
what is three hundred two thousand eight hundred seventy six in number form?
302,876
what is nine hundred one thousandths in number form?
0.901
what is nineteen thousandths in number form?
0.019
proper fraction
a fraction whose denominator is greater than its numerator
improper fraction
a fraction whose numerator is greater than its denominator
explain the steps of multiplying 4 3/8 by 3.5
- convert 4 3/8 to an improper fraction
- convert 3.5 to a fraction
- multiply
how do you write 0.24 as a fraction?
- write 0.24 as a fraction: 0.24= 0.24/1
- multiply the fraction 0.24/1 by 10 as many times as it takes until 0.24 is no longer a decimal. in this case, 0.24 x 10= 2.4, x10 again is 24. do the same to the denominator
- the result is 24/100 so just simplify to 6/25
what is 150% of 20?
move decimal 2 places to the left and multiply,
150 x 20 = 1.5 x 20 = 30
what is the formula for percent increase?
percent increase = ((new amount - original amount)/ original amount) x100
direct proportion
a relationship in which a quantity increases by a set amount for every increase in the quantity or decreases by that same amount for every decrease in the other quantity
inverse proportion
a relationship in which an increase in one quantity is accompanied by a decrease in the other, or vice versa
unit rate
expresses a quantity of one thing in terms of one unit of another (ex: mph)
what is the formula for finding slope when given 2 points?
m= y2 - y1/ x2 - x1
empty set
when an equation has no true solutions
how is a linear eq. written in standard form?
- what is the slope in this eq.?
- y intercept?
Ax + By = C
- slope is -A/B
- y intercept is C/B
how is a linear eq. written in slope intercept form?
- what is the slope in this eq.?
- y intercept?
y = mx + b
- slope is m
- y intercept is b
how is a linear eq. written in point intercept form?
- what is the slope in this eq.?
- points on the line?
y - y1 = m(x - x1)
- slope is m
- point on line is (x1, y1)
how is a linear eq. written in two point form?
- points on the line?
y - y1/ x- x1 = y2 - y1/ x2 - x1
- points on line are (x1, y1) and (x2, y2)
how is a linear eq. written in intercept form?
- point that intercepts x axis?
- point that intercepts y axis?
x/x1 + y/y1 = 1
- (x1, 0)
- (0, y1)
describe the 4 quadrants on a graph
quadrant 1 is the upper right corner, 2 is the upper left, 3 is the lower left, 4 is the lower right
parallel lines
2 or more lines that have equivalent slopes
perpendicular lines
have slopes that are negative reciprocals of each other (such as a/b and -b/a)
when using inequalities, when do you plot a hollow circle?
- solid circle?
if the inequality involves a less than or greater than, hollow
- if the inequality involves a less than or equal to or a greater than or equal to, solid
precision
how reliable and repeatable a measurement is (hitting a certain point on a target multiple times)
accuracy
how close the data is to the correct data (hitting multiple diff. points on a target that are all close to the bullseye)
maximum possible error
half the magnitude of the smallest unit used in the measurement (ex: if the unit of measurement is 1cm, the maximum possible error is 1/2cm)
giga
one billion
mega
one million
kilo
one thousand
deci
one tenth
centi
one hundreth
milli
one thousandth
micro
one millionth
how do you convert a larger unit to a smaller unit?
multiply the # of the known amount by the equivalent amount
how do you convert a smaller unit to a larger unit?
divide the # of the known amount by the equivalent amount
1000 ug (____) = 1 ____
micrograms; mg (milligram)
1000 mg (____) = 1 ____
milligrams; gram (g)
1000 g = 1 ____
kg
1000 mL = 1 ____
L
1000 um (____) = 1 ____
micrometers; millimeter (mm)
1000 mm (____) = 1 ____
millimeters; meter (m)
100 cm = 1 ____
m (meter)
1000 m = 1 ____
km (kilometer)
1 in= ____ cm
2.54
1 ft= ____ in
12in
1 yd= ____ ft
3 ft
1 mi= ____ ft = ____ km
5280ft; 1.609km
1 ac= ____ square yds
4840 square yds
1 square mi= ____ acres
640 acres
1 fl oz= ____ fl drams = ____ mL
8 fl drams; 29.573 mL
1 c= ____ fl oz
8 fl oz
1 pt = ____ fl oz
16 fl oz
1 gal = ____ qt
4 qt
1 tsp = ____ fl drams = ____ mL
1 fl dram; 5 mL
1 tbsp = ____ fl drams = ____ mL
4 fl drams; 15 or 16 mL
1 cubic cm= ____ drams = ____ mL
0.271 drams; 1 mL
1 oz = ____ drams
16 drams
1 lb= ____ oz
16 oz
1 tn= ____ lbs
2,000 lbs
how do you calculate the sum of the interior angles of a polygon?
(n-2) x 180
where n= # of sides
area of a triangle
A= 1/2bh
trapezoid
- area of a trapezoid
a quadrilateral w at least one pair of parallel sides
- A= 1/2h (b1 + b2)
isosceles trapezoid
a trapezoid w equal base angles
area of a parallelogram
A=bh
rhombus
- area of a rhombus
- perimeter of a rhombus
a quadrilateral w 4 congruent sides
- A= d1d2/2
- P= 2 * sqrt of (d1)^2 + (d2)^2
area of a circle
- circumference
A= pi(r^2)
- C= 2(pi)r
mean
sum of the data values/quantity of data values
median
value in the middle of a set of ordered data
mode
the data that occurs the greatest number of times in a data set
range
the difference between the greatest and lowest values of the data in the set
describe what a left (negatively) skewed curve looks like
- right (positive) skewed?
curve is on the right side of the mean, bigger than the mean
- curve is on the left side of the mean, less than the mean
uniform distribution
distribution where there is no distinct peak or variation in the data
histogram
looks like a vertical bar graph. one continuous bar for each range of data, height of each column represents the number of data values within that range
bivariate data
data from 2 diff variables
