Things idk Flashcards
Hexokinase has a very ____ affinity for its substrate, therefore gets _____ faster
Hexokinase has a very highaffinity for its substrate, therefore gets saturated faster
a ___ Km means a _____ affinity
a high Km means a low affinity
What inhibits or activates phosphofructokinase?
ATP and citrate inhibits
AMP activates
to many protons inhibit (low pH)
Explain McArdle syndrome is?
inability to breakdown glycogen
Explain von Gierke’s diseases:
is a result of deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase
Explain ATP in substrate level and oxidative phosphorylation:
4 ATP are produced from substrate level phosphorylation
2ATP of these are used though
28ATP are from oxidative phosphorylation
Most important factor determining the extent and rate of ATP synthesis an oxidative phosphorylation is:
concentration of o2 plus state of reduction and or protonation of the membrane
Allopolyploidy:
when chromosome sets are from different species
Autopolyploidy:
chromosome sets are from same species.
Essentialsiam :
for a group of things there is a set of attributes with are necessary to being in that group
Plato
Teleology:
to describe things in terms of their purpose e.g. acorn is to become oak tree
Aristotle
Natural selection
Charles Darwin
Inheritance of acquired characteristics (transformations
Lamarck
Gradualism
Lynell
Binomial Nomenculture
Linnaeus
Catastrophism
Cuvier
Bioligcal speciec consept
Mayer
Particulate inheritance
Mendell
Exponentail increase in pop
Malthus
sexual dimorphism
two sexes of the same species exhibit different characteristics beyond genitalia form of inter sexual selection
chemiosmotic ATP synthesis
oxidative phosphorylation occurs in ALL repairing cells both prokaryotic and eukaryotic using either o2 or other electron acceptors
What goes to acetyl coA?
Glucose —> pyruvate
fatty acis (reversible)
amino acids
ketone bodies (reversible)
Where does light and dark stage photosynthesis take place?
Light stage in thylakoid membranes and dark stage in stroma
von giekr’es disease results in:
Hyperuricemia
elevated lactate levels
hyperalanine
hyperlipidaemia
reduced hybrid viability
rarely reach sexual maturity
reduced hybrid fertility
hybrid is infertile but lives
hybrid breakdown
either reduced fertility or viability
Temporal isolation
isolated in time of breeding
what are three pieces of evidence of the cretaceous/tertiray extinction?
fragments of stressed quartz
iridium anomaly
basaltic spherules
how many tap molecules does at nah and fadh2 molecule produce in etc?
nadh is 3
fadh2 is 2
Explain difference between ecological and geographical isolation:
geographical is extrinsic while ecological is intrinsic
Anagenis vs cladogenesis?
evolution within a lineage is anagenesis
cladogenesis is evolution that results in the splitting of the lineage
Does NAD+ need to be present for glycolysis to function?
no
Is glycogen hydrophobic?
no it is hydrophilic`
how many protons does the cytochrome complex move into the thylakoid space?
8
Explain order of electron movement in light stage
water p680 plastoquinone cytochrome complex plastocyanin p700 ferroxidin NADP+ reducatse NADP+ gets reduced to NADPH and H+
Is ubiquinone a protein?
Ubiquinone, abbreviated as Q, is an organic molecule (not a protein) dissolved in the hydrophobic region of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. It can move freely within the hydrophobic region of the membrane, by diffusion.
