things i have struggled with april 2025 Flashcards
what does brittleness mean
objects will undergo little plastic deformation before shattering
what does toughness mean
does not scratch or indent easily
what does stiffness mean
little deformation even under large forces
what does strength mean
can absorb a large constant force without breaking
what does ductile mean
ability of an object to be drawn out eg. into wires
what does malleability mean
ability of an object to be hammered into sheets
what does young modulus measure
stiffness of a material
what does a line is tall on a stress strain graph mean
it means its brittle
what does a line being long on a stress strain graph mean
its ductile
what is the ultimate tensile strength
most amount of force an object can withstand without breaking
what does a large area under a stress strain graph mean
it is the toughest as it can absorb the most impact
what does the gradient of a stress strain graph mean
stiffness of a material
definition of charge
its a property, says a particle will experience a force in an electric field
definition of current
the rate of flow of charge
definition of potential difference
work done per unit charge on components
definition of emf
work done per unit charge produced by the source
unit of charge
coulomb
what is kirchoffs first law
conservation of charge (current in is current out)
what is kirchoffs second law
in a closed circuit loop in a circuit, the sum of the emfs is equal to the sum of the pds
what is newtons first law
a body in motion will remain in motion until acted upon by a resultant force
what is newtons second law
the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the resultant force in the direction of the force (F=change in momentum / time)
what is newtons third law
every action has an equal and opposite reaction (same force opposite direction)
what equation can be used due to newtons second law and if mass remains constant
F=ma
what is impulse
impulse of a force is the change in momentum
equation for impulse
force X change in time
what is the area under a force time graph
impulse
