Thigh and Upper Leg

Question 1

Illiofemoral Ligament

Answer 1

Origin: Anterior Superior iliac spine
Insertion: Intertrochanteric line
Function: Prevents hyperextension

Question 2

Rectus femoris

Answer 2

Hip flexion
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: Tibial Tuberosity via patellar tendon

Question 3

vastus medialis

Answer 3

knee extension
innervation: Femoral nerve
Origin: Linea aspera of femur
Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Question 4

Vastus intermedius

Answer 4

Knee exension
Innervation: femoral nerve
Origin: Intertrochanteric line of anterior proximal femur and anterior/lateral surface of the femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Question 5

Vastus lateralis

Answer 5

knee extension
Innervation: femoral nerve
Origin: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of the femur
Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Question 6

Sartorius

Answer 6

Combined weak knee flexion and weak hip flexion external rotation
innervation: femoral nerve
origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: medial tibial epicondyle via pes anserine

Question 7

Tensor fascia latae

Answer 7

Kip flexion and abduction
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: lateral tibia condyle and fibular head via IT band

Question 8

Semimembranosus

Answer 8

Knee flexion, internal rotation, hip extension
innervation: Sciatic nerve, tibial division
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia

Question 9

Semitendinosus

Answer 9

Knee flexion, internal rotation, kip extension
Innervation: sciatic nerve, tibial division
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Just below medial condyle of tibia via pes anserine

Question 10

Biceps femoris - long head

Answer 10

Knee flexion, external rotation, knee extension
Innervation: sciatic nerve, tibial division
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula

Question 11

Biceps femoris - short head

Answer 11

knee flexion and external rotation
Innervation: sciatic nerve, common peroneal division
Origin: linea aspera
Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula

Question 12

Gracilis

Answer 12

Knee flexion and hip adduction
Innervation: Obturator nerve
Origin: body and inferior ramus of pubis
insertion: meidal tibial condyle via pes anserine

Question 13

Pectineus

Answer 13

hip adduction, hip flexion and external rotation
Innervation: Obturator/femoral nerve
Origin: pectineal line of superior ramus
insertion: posterior medial aspect proximal femur below less trochanter

Question 14

Adductor magnus

Answer 14

Hip internal rotation and external rotation
Innervation: obturator nerver
Origin: inferior pubic ramus and ramus of ischium to ischial tuberosity
Insertion: linea aspera and medial epicondyle of femur

Question 15

adductor minimus

Answer 15

Weak hip adduction
innervation: obturator nerve
Origin: Ramus of the ischium
Insertion: proximal linea aspera

Question 16

Adductor longus

Answer 16

hip adduction, hip flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation
Innervation: obturator nerve
Origin: pubic crest and pubic tubercle near symphysis
Insertion: middle third of linea aspera

Question 17

Adductor brevis

Answer 17

hip adduction, internal and external rotation
Innervation: obturator nerve
Origin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: proximal linea aspera

Question 18

Psoas Major

Answer 18

Hip flexion and internal rotation
Innervation: femoral nerve
Origin: transverse processes of lumbar vertebra
Insertion: lesser trochanter

Question 19

Illiacus

Answer 19

Flexion and external rotation at the spine
innervation: femoral nerve
origin: iliac fossa and passes under inguinal ligament
Insertion: lesser trochanter

Question 20

Piriformis

Answer 20

External rotation and hip abduction
innervation: Sacral spinal nerves S1 and S2
Origin: sacrum
insertion: posterior aspect of greater trochanter

Question 21

Superior and inferior gemellus

Answer 21

External rotation
Innervation: Spinal nerves S1 and L5
Origin: superior: spine spine of ischium
Origin; inferior: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest

Question 22

Obturator internus

Answer 22

External rotation
Innervation: Spinal nerves S1 and L5
Origin: inner surface of obturator foramen, pubis, ischium
insertion: intertrochanteric crest

Question 23

Obturator externus

Answer 23

External rotation
Innervation: Spinal nerves S1 and L5
Origin: outer surface of obturator foramen, superior ramus
insertion: intertrochanteric crest

Question 24

Quadratus

Answer 24

External rotation
Innervation: Spinal nerves S1 and L5
origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertochanteric crest

Question 25

Gluteus maximus

Answer 25

hip extension, external rotation of femur
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Origin: posterior iliac crest, posterior superior and inferior iliac spines, lateral sacrum
Insertion: Posterior lateral aspect of proximal femur and IT band

Question 26

Gluteus minimus

Answer 26

Hip abduction and internal rotation
Innervation: gluteal nerve
Origin: superior lateral aspect of the iliac wing
Insertion: Posterior lateral aspect of greater trochanter

Question 27

Gluteus minimus

Answer 27

Hip abduction and internal rotation
Innervation: gluteal nerve
Origin: lateral aspect of ala
Insertion: Lateral aspect of greater trochanter