Thigh and Knee Anatomy

Question 1

What muscles flex the hip?

Answer 1

Iliopsoas
Psoas Minor (weak)
Sartorius
Pectineus (weak)
Adductor Longus (weak)
Adductor Brevis (weak)
Adductor Magnus (adductor part)

Question 2

What muscles adduct the hip?

Answer 2

Pectineus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Obturator Externus
Gracilis

Question 3

What muscles Extend the knee?

Answer 3

Articularis genu
Quadriceps Femoris

Question 4

What muscles does the femoral nerve innervate

Answer 4

Psoas
Iliacus
Rectus Femoris
Pectineus
Sartorius
Vastus Lateralis
V. Intermedius
V. Medialis
Articularis genu

Question 5

What muscles does the obturator nerve innervate

Answer 5

Obturator Externus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis

Question 6

ACL actions vs PCL actions

Answer 6

ACL
Prevents anterior translation of tibia
Prevents hyperextension of knee

PCL
Prevents posterior translation of tibia
Prevents hyperflexion of knee

Question 7

What motion does each knee ligament resist?

Answer 7

MCL: Resists Valgus force (knock knee)
LCL: Resists varus force (bow leg)

Question 8

1. What is the structure of the meniscus?
2. Difference between Medial/lateral?
3. Blood supply?

Answer 8

1. Sit within Synovium
   Provides lubrication, nutrition, congruency, decreases friction, shock absorber
   2a. Lateral - shaped like O, equal thickness, moves about 10 mm
   2b. Medial - shaped like C, thicker posteriorly, moves about 2 mm.
2. Popliteal artery

Question 9

What structures make up the PLC?

Answer 9

LCL, Popliteus tendon (PLT), Popliteofibular ligament (PFL)
Stablizers:
Static
* Lateral capsule thickening (meniscofemoral and meniscotibial ligaments)
* Arcuate Ligament

Dynamic
* Biceps Femoris
* Popliteus Muscle
* iliotibial band (ITB)
* Lateral head of gastroc

Question 10

How does femoral artery become popliteal artery?

Answer 10

As it goes through femoral hiatus it moves anterior to posterior. Has genticular branches that come around and surround the knee.