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Thigh and Gluteal Region Flashcards

0
Q

The obturator artery arises from what?

A

internal iliac artery

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1
Q

The femoral vein is a continuation of what?

A

popliteal vein

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2
Q

What does the obturator artery supply?

A

obturator externus, pectineus, adductors of thigh, and gracilis

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3
Q

What are the segments of the obturator nerve?

A

L2-L4

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4
Q

The branches of the obturator artery and nerve straddle what muscle?

A

adductor brevis

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5
Q

What does the anterior branch of the obturator nerve innervate?

A

adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, and pectineus

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6
Q

What does the posterior branch of the obturator nerve innervate?

A

obturator externus and adductor magnus

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7
Q

What are the boundaries of the gluteal region?

A

superiorly: iliac crest, greater trochanter, and ASIS
inferiorly: gluteal fold

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8
Q

The greater sciatic foramen is a passageway for what?

A

structures entering or leaving the pelvis

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9
Q

The lesser sciatic foramen is a passageway for what?

A

structures entering or leaving the perineum

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10
Q

What makes up the superficial layer of gluteal muscles?

A

three glutei and tensor fasciae latae

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11
Q

What are the main actions of the gluteus maximus?

A

extension and lateral rotation

functions primarily between the flexed and standing positions

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12
Q

What are the main actions of the gluteus medius and minimis?

A

abduction and medial rotation

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13
Q

What are the main actions of the tensor fasciae latae?

A

abduction and medial rotation

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14
Q

To produce flexion, the tensor fasciae latae works with what other muscles?

A

iliopsoas and rectus femoris

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15
Q

What makes up the deep layer of gluteal muscles?

A

piriformis, obturator internus, superior and inferior gemelli, and quadratus femoris

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16
Q

What are the main actions of the deep layer of gluteal muscles?

A

lateral rotation and stabilizes the hip joint

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17
Q

What muscles make up the hamstrings?

A

semitendinous, semimembranous, and biceps femoris (long head)

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18
Q

What are the four muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

semitendinous, semimembranous, biceps femoris (long head), and biceps femoris (short head)

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19
Q

What is the origin of the superior clunial nerve?

A

posterior rami of L1-L3 nerves

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20
Q

What is the origin of the middle clunial nerve?

A

posterior rami of S1-S3 nerves

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21
Q

What is the origin of the inferior clunial nerve?

A

posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

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22
Q

What are the segments of sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

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23
Q

What are the segments of the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh?

24
What are the segments of the superior gluteal nerve?
L4-S1
25
What are the segments of the inferior gluteal nerve?
L5-S2
26
What are the segments of the nerve to quadratus femoris?
L4-S1
27
What are the segments of the pudendal nerve?
S2-S4
28
What are the segments of nerve to obturator internus?
L5-S2
29
What does the clunial nerves innervate?
skin of gluteal region as far as greater trochanter
30
What does the sciatic nerve innervate?
all muscles in posterior compartment of thigh
31
What does the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh innervate?
skin over buttocks, posterior aspect of thigh and calf; lateral perineum, and upper medial thigh
32
What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
gluteus medius, gluteus minimis, and tensor fasciae latae
33
What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
gluteus maximus
34
What does the nerve to quadratus femoris innervate?
hip joint, inferior gemellus, and quadratus femoris
35
What does the pudendal nerve innervate?
perineum
36
What does the nerve to obturator internus innervate?
superior gemellus and obturator internus
37
Where do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries leave the pelvis?
through the greater sciatic foramen, superior and inferior to the piriformis, respectively
38
Where is the internal pudendal artery located?
enters gluteal region through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis and enters perineum through lesser sciatic foramen
39
What is fascia lata?
deep fascia of the thigh
40
Where is the iliotibial tract?
iliac tubercle to anterolateral tibial tubercle
41
What are the major superficial veins of the lower limb?
great and small saphenous veins
42
What forms the great saphenous vein?
dorsal digital vein of the toe and the dorsal venous arch
43
What forms the small saphenous vein?
dorsal digital vein of the 5th digit and the dorsal venous arch
44
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?
pectineus, iliopsoas, sartorius, and quadriceps femoris
45
What are the parts of the quadriceps femoris?
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis
46
What muscles are part of the medial thigh compartment?
the adductors, gracilis, and obturator externus
47
What is the superior border (and base) of the femoral triangle?
inguinal ligament
48
What is the medial border of the femoral triangle?
adductor longus
49
What is the lateral border of the femoral triangle?
sartorius
50
Where is the apex of the femoral triangle?
where the medial border of the sartorius crosses the lateral border of the adductor longus
51
What is the floor of the femoral triangle?
iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially
52
What is the roof of the femoral triangle?
fascia lata, cribiform fascia, subcutaneous tissue, and skin
53
What are the contents of the femoral triangle (lateral to medial)?
femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, femoral canal, and deep inguinal lymph nodes
54
From where does the femoral artery arise?
external iliac artery distal to the inguinal ligament
55
What is the chief artery of the thigh?
profunda femoris artery (largest branch of femoral artery)
56
What supplies the head and neck of the femur?
medial circumflex femoral artery
57
What does the lateral circumflex femoral artery supply?
muscles on lateral side of thigh

Lower Limb (4 decks)

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