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Lower Limb > Thigh and Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Thigh and Gluteal Region Flashcards

0
Q

The obturator artery arises from what?

A

internal iliac artery

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1
Q

The femoral vein is a continuation of what?

A

popliteal vein

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2
Q

What does the obturator artery supply?

A

obturator externus, pectineus, adductors of thigh, and gracilis

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3
Q

What are the segments of the obturator nerve?

A

L2-L4

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4
Q

The branches of the obturator artery and nerve straddle what muscle?

A

adductor brevis

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5
Q

What does the anterior branch of the obturator nerve innervate?

A

adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, and pectineus

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6
Q

What does the posterior branch of the obturator nerve innervate?

A

obturator externus and adductor magnus

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7
Q

What are the boundaries of the gluteal region?

A

superiorly: iliac crest, greater trochanter, and ASIS
inferiorly: gluteal fold

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8
Q

The greater sciatic foramen is a passageway for what?

A

structures entering or leaving the pelvis

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9
Q

The lesser sciatic foramen is a passageway for what?

A

structures entering or leaving the perineum

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10
Q

What makes up the superficial layer of gluteal muscles?

A

three glutei and tensor fasciae latae

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11
Q

What are the main actions of the gluteus maximus?

A

extension and lateral rotation

functions primarily between the flexed and standing positions

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12
Q

What are the main actions of the gluteus medius and minimis?

A

abduction and medial rotation

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13
Q

What are the main actions of the tensor fasciae latae?

A

abduction and medial rotation

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14
Q

To produce flexion, the tensor fasciae latae works with what other muscles?

A

iliopsoas and rectus femoris

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15
Q

What makes up the deep layer of gluteal muscles?

A

piriformis, obturator internus, superior and inferior gemelli, and quadratus femoris

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16
Q

What are the main actions of the deep layer of gluteal muscles?

A

lateral rotation and stabilizes the hip joint

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17
Q

What muscles make up the hamstrings?

A

semitendinous, semimembranous, and biceps femoris (long head)

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18
Q

What are the four muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

semitendinous, semimembranous, biceps femoris (long head), and biceps femoris (short head)

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19
Q

What is the origin of the superior clunial nerve?

A

posterior rami of L1-L3 nerves

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20
Q

What is the origin of the middle clunial nerve?

A

posterior rami of S1-S3 nerves

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21
Q

What is the origin of the inferior clunial nerve?

A

posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

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22
Q

What are the segments of sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

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23
Q

What are the segments of the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh?

A

S1-S3

24
Q

What are the segments of the superior gluteal nerve?

A

L4-S1

25
Q

What are the segments of the inferior gluteal nerve?

A

L5-S2

26
Q

What are the segments of the nerve to quadratus femoris?

A

L4-S1

27
Q

What are the segments of the pudendal nerve?

A

S2-S4

28
Q

What are the segments of nerve to obturator internus?

A

L5-S2

29
Q

What does the clunial nerves innervate?

A

skin of gluteal region as far as greater trochanter

30
Q

What does the sciatic nerve innervate?

A

all muscles in posterior compartment of thigh

31
Q

What does the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh innervate?

A

skin over buttocks, posterior aspect of thigh and calf; lateral perineum, and upper medial thigh

32
Q

What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

gluteus medius, gluteus minimis, and tensor fasciae latae

33
Q

What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

gluteus maximus

34
Q

What does the nerve to quadratus femoris innervate?

A

hip joint, inferior gemellus, and quadratus femoris

35
Q

What does the pudendal nerve innervate?

A

perineum

36
Q

What does the nerve to obturator internus innervate?

A

superior gemellus and obturator internus

37
Q

Where do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries leave the pelvis?

A

through the greater sciatic foramen, superior and inferior to the piriformis, respectively

38
Q

Where is the internal pudendal artery located?

A

enters gluteal region through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis and enters perineum through lesser sciatic foramen

39
Q

What is fascia lata?

A

deep fascia of the thigh

40
Q

Where is the iliotibial tract?

A

iliac tubercle to anterolateral tibial tubercle

41
Q

What are the major superficial veins of the lower limb?

A

great and small saphenous veins

42
Q

What forms the great saphenous vein?

A

dorsal digital vein of the toe and the dorsal venous arch

43
Q

What forms the small saphenous vein?

A

dorsal digital vein of the 5th digit and the dorsal venous arch

44
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

pectineus, iliopsoas, sartorius, and quadriceps femoris

45
Q

What are the parts of the quadriceps femoris?

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis

46
Q

What muscles are part of the medial thigh compartment?

A

the adductors, gracilis, and obturator externus

47
Q

What is the superior border (and base) of the femoral triangle?

A

inguinal ligament

48
Q

What is the medial border of the femoral triangle?

A

adductor longus

49
Q

What is the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

A

sartorius

50
Q

Where is the apex of the femoral triangle?

A

where the medial border of the sartorius crosses the lateral border of the adductor longus

51
Q

What is the floor of the femoral triangle?

A

iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially

52
Q

What is the roof of the femoral triangle?

A

fascia lata, cribiform fascia, subcutaneous tissue, and skin

53
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle (lateral to medial)?

A

femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, femoral canal, and deep inguinal lymph nodes

54
Q

From where does the femoral artery arise?

A

external iliac artery distal to the inguinal ligament

55
Q

What is the chief artery of the thigh?

A

profunda femoris artery (largest branch of femoral artery)

56
Q

What supplies the head and neck of the femur?

A

medial circumflex femoral artery

57
Q

What does the lateral circumflex femoral artery supply?

A

muscles on lateral side of thigh

Lower Limb (4 decks)

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