thiazide Flashcards
give an example of a thiazide
bendroflumethiazide
give an example of thiazide like diuretic
indapamide
chlortalidone
what are the indications of thiazides?
- first line treatment for hypertension
2. add on treatment for hypertension where bp is not adequately controlled.
what is the mechanism of action for thiazides?
it acts upon the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney by inhibiting the sodium/chloride cotransporter.
this prevents reabsorption of sodium and water causing a diuretic effect.
it also has some vasodilation effects which are not understood.
what are the adverse effects of thiazides?
- hyponatraemia
- hypokalaemia (cardiac arrythmias)
- can cause impotence in men
- visual disturbance and tinnitus
- bone marrow supression
- hypersensitivity
what are the contraindication of thiazides
- patients with gout
- patients with low sodium or potassium
- SLE
caution with pregnancy
what can thiazides cause in pregnant women
may cause
- neonatal thrombocytopenia
- bone marrow suppression
- jaundice
- hypoglycaemia
what are the interactions of thiazides?
- NSAIDS (reduce effectiveness of thiazides)
- avoid with other drugs that can cause hyponatraemia or hypokalaemia
why are thiazides and ace inhibitors a good combination for patients?
thiazides can cause hypokalaemia and ace inhibitors can cause hyperkalaemia and therefore they can can cancel out that adverse effect.
