These are Nouns. Flashcards

Question

ABP- **Audience**

Answer 1

**a group of people who come to watch and listen to someone speaking or performing in public:** * 1. He explains things without condescending to his audience.* * 2. He glanced about to make sure that the audience were ready to hear his speech.* * 3. He had the audience hooting with laughter.* * 4. The audience began clapping and cheering.* * 5. The audience gave her a standing ovation for her performance.*

Answer 2

ABP- **the hair, usually cut straight across the front of the face above the eyes:**

Answer 3

ABP **- a strong-smelling and strong-tasting herb used in cooking:** ## Footnote * 1. Add a few leaves of fresh basil to the salad.* * 2. Basil, oregano, thyme and rosemary are all herbs.* * 3. You might like to try a little more basil in the sauce next time.* * 4. It's the basil that gives the sauce its essential character.* * 5. Pesto is made of basil leaves, parmesan cheese, pine nuts(sentencedict.com), garlic and olive oil which have all been crushed together.* * 6. Basil nodded an acknowledgement as he entered the room.*

Answer 4

**a long wooden stick with a special shape that is used in some sports and games:** ## Footnote * a baseball bat* * a cricket bat* * a billiard bat* **British English a round flat piece of wood with a handle, used to hit a ball in table tennis SYN paddle** **Yarasa**

Answer 5

ABP- **hair that grows around a man’s chin and cheeks:** ## Footnote *"Certainly with his long, jet-black, forked beard, he looked the part."*

Answer 6

ABP- Payments or advantages you get as an employee in addition to your wages.

Answer 7

ABP- **a pair of special glasses, that you hold up to your eyes to look at objects that are a long distance away:** ## Footnote *"He took the binoculars from around his neck and held them out."*

Answer 8

ABP- **a severe snowstorm:** ## Footnote *"A severe snowstorm with strong wind."*

Answer 9

**not what it appears or claims to be; false but made to look real: SYN: False, Pseudo** **Synonym: bastard, fake, phoney, phony. Similar words: bog, bogy, bogle, bog down, gusto, august, vogue, gustatory. Meaning: ['bəʊgəs] adj. fraudulent; having a misleading appearance.** * 1. On investigation, his claim was found to be bogus.* * 2. She was fooled by his bogus identity card.* * 3. The school was bogus , the prospectus was all got up.* * 4. She produced some bogus documents to support her application.* * 5. Bogus social workers have been preying on old people living alone.*

Answer 10

**the crime of getting into a building to steal things:** * 1. Cash was taken during a burglary of the apartment.* * 2. The two men were charged with burglary and remanded in custody .* * 3. We had new locks fitted after the burglary.* * 4. An 11-year-old boy committed a burglary.* * 5. Crime is on the increase, especially mugging and burglary.*

Answer 11

ABP- **Funds or money ypu use to start up a business or invest in something.**

Answer 12

ABP- **an animal that eats flesh:** ## Footnote * 1. It was like the scent of the carnivore in a zoo.* * 2. Their actual digestive system is that of a carnivore and so bamboo is an unlikely foodstuff to choose.* * 3. Stillman was a strict carnivore, allowing his patients to eat only lean meat, poultry, eggs, and low-fat cheeses.* * 4. The digestion of incisors from mammalian carnivore prey assemblages is more extreme than that of the molars.*

Answer 13

ABP **- a breakfast food made from grain and usually eaten with milk:** ## Footnote **- a plant grown to produce grain, for example wheat, rice etc**

Answer 14

ABP- **A network of stores/Restaurants that are part of the same company. a number of shops, hotels, cinemas etc owned or managed by the same company or person:** * 21. Supermarket chains have crowded out the smaller shops.* * 22. Supermarket chains try to lure customers with price discounts.*

Answer 15

ABP- **the natural colour or appearance of the skin on your face:** ## Footnote *"She was fair-complexioned with blonde hair."*

Answer 16

ABP- **a herb, used especially in Asian and Mexican cooking:SYN: Cilantro**

Answer 17

**a group of people working together with special skills:** * 2. The crew are thirty in all.* * 3. In the distance the crew sighted land.* * 4. The ambulance crew removed him from the wreckage.* * 5. The crew tried to seize control of the ship, and were shot for mutiny.* * 6. The crew took to the lifeboats.* * 7. Rescuers made heroic efforts to save the crew.*

Answer 18

ABP **- a type of food from India, consisting of meat or vegetables in a spicy sauce:** ## Footnote * 1. I'm going to plump for the vegetable curry.* * 2. I made enough curry for three people and he ate the lot.* * 3. Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.* * 4. I went for a curry last night.* * 5. That prawn curry gave me the trots.* * 6. Add a teaspoonful of curry powder.*

Answer 19

**the person in a court of law who has been accused of doing something illegal → plaintiff SYN prisoner.** * .1 The court found against the defendant.* * 2. The defendant was charged with disturbing the peace.* * 3. The defendant broke down under cross - examination .* * 4. The judge found for the defendant.* * 5. The testimony of witnesses vindicated the defendant.* * 6. The judge pronounced for the defendant, and also said that his opponent should pay the court costs.*

Answer 20

**the person who gives instructions to the actors and other people working on a film or play:** ## Footnote * 1) The first duty of a director is to recce his location.* * 2) I see that the director has appropriated the best office to his own use.* * 3) Even the company's director flies coach most of the time.* * 4) I'll get onto the director and see if he can help.* * 5) The director of the charity made an impassioned plea for help.*

Answer 21

ABP- **a disadvantage of a situation, plan, product etc. A disadvantages.** ## Footnote *It’s a great city – the only drawback is the weather.*

Answer 22

**a group of officials who represent their government in a foreign country, or the building they work in → ambassador** * The American Embassy employs 50 local people in administrative positions* * • There were long gay parties which went on till dawn and finished with a dip in an embassypool* * • Travellers in Spain who are worried about the situation are advised to contact the BritishEmbassy in Madrid* * • On July 19, a total of 19 people sheltering at the Czechoslovak embassy surrendered to the authorities.*

Answer 23

Mime Artist: Taklit Sanatçısı Makeup Artist: Makyaj Uzmanı Puppet/Puppeteer: Kukla Sanatçısı Stand-up Comedian: Stand-Up Sanatçısı Street Performer: Sokak Sanantçısı Circus Performer: Sirk Sanatçısı Magician: Sihirbaz, Büyücü Scriptwriter: Oyun Yazarı Sound Engineer: Ses Mühendisi

Answer 24

ABP- **The day-by-day costs of running a company.**

Answer 25

ABP- Fate: **1. an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future 2. the ultimate agency that predetermines the course of events (often personified as a woman) 3. your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you). v. decree or designate beforehand.Synonym: destiny, fortune, lot.** ## Footnote * 1) There is no escape [flying] from fate.* * 2) For man is man and master of his fate.* * 3) Each man is the architect of his own fate.* * 4) A strong man will struggle with storms of fate.* * 5) I see no use quarrelling with fate.* ABP- Destiny: **1. an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future 2. the ultimate agency that predetermines the course of events (often personified as a woman) 3. your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you).Synonym: Destiny, Fate, circumstances, fate, fortune, lot, luck, portion.** * 1. Our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity.* * 2. Destiny is a deck of CARDS, licensing is god, play CARDS is myself.* * 3. Destiny determines who comes into our lives but it's the heart that decides who stays inside.* * 3. Wish you can benefit from our online sentence dictionary and make progress day by day!* * 4. Marriage is destiny.*

Answer 26

**an area of water used for breeding fish as a business:** * 1. Now they are claiming ￡10,000 damages against Church Fish Farm for taking all the fun out of their favourite pastime.* * 2. The fish farm has enough work to keep two people very busy.* * 3. But the owners of the fish farm - Gale and Ainslie Limited - insist they weren't negligent.* * 4. The group includes rare breed centres, a fish farm and even a vineyard.* * 5. Read in studio A judge has ordered a fish farm to compensate a group of anglers for ruining their fishing season.*

Answer 27

**a large group of people/Animals:** * 1. Birds of a feather flock together.* * 2. Eagles fly alone, but sheep flock together.* * 3. One scabbed sheep will mar a whole flock.* * 4. It is a small flock that has not a black sheep.* * 5. There is a black sheep in every flock.* * 6. The shepherd re-collected his flock and went down the hillside.* * 7. We saw a flock of geese in the lake.*

Answer 28

ABP- **cloudy air near the ground which is difficult to see through:** ## Footnote **[https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/learning/clouds/fog/difference-mist-and-fog](https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/learning/clouds/fog/difference-mist-and-fog)** *"a thick cloud near ground level, reducing visibilty is fog."*

Answer 29

**A business that pays an already successful company to use its name and products. permission given by a company to someone who wants to sell its goods or services:** ## Footnote * 1. Of the first three franchises to be awarded, two went to management buyouts led by former BR executives.* * 2. They operate franchises in London and Paris.* * 3. TV franchises will be auctioned to the highest bidder.* * 4. Even as U.S. soccer franchises seek friendlier confines, the sport itself is being credited with helping international relations.* * 5. They achieved something eight current franchises have never done, across a total of 222 consecutive seasons.*

Answer 30

**the crime of deceiving people in order to gain something such as money or goods:** * (1) Force, and fraud, are in war the two cardinal virtues.* * (2) She was detected in a fraud.* * (3) She was charged with credit card fraud.* * (4) We will introduce legal safeguards against fraud. Sentencedict.com* * (5) The story is about theft, fraud and deceit on an incredible scale.*

Answer 31

ABP- **a small, palebrown spot on the skin, usually on the face, especially of a person with paleskin:** ## Footnote *"He has red hair and freckles."*

Answer 32

ABP- **a small, useful, and cleverly-designed machine or tool.A small mechanical or technological device or tool.** ## Footnote * 1. The gadget can be attached to any vertical or near vertical surface.* * 2. The gadget can be attached to any vertical surface.* * 3. The gadget is used to artificially inseminate cows.* * 4. This gadget is just the thing for getting those nails out.* * 5. Have you seen this handy little gadget - it's for separating egg yolks from whites.*

Answer 33

ABP- **a very strong wind:** ## Footnote * 1. The wind was increasing to gale force.* * 2. A gale was blowing from the east.* * 3. It was blowing a gale outside.* * 4. During the gale roof tiles came hurtling down.* * 5. The house crumpled up in the gale.* * 6. Many trees were blown down in the gale.*

Answer 34

**a group of criminals who work together:** * 1 The best-laid schemes of mice and men gang aft agley.* * 2 The gang tried to intimidate the bank manager.* * 3 A gang of youths were loitering outside the cinema.* * 4 The police suspected her of fronting for a gang of forgers.* * 5 A gang taunted a disabled man.* * 6 A criminal gang terrorized the neighbourhood.* * 7 The robbery was carried out by an armed gang.*

Answer 35

ABP- **a trick or something unusual that you do to make people notice someone or something – used to show disapproval → stunt. Something that is intended to draw attention but is not really useful.** ## Footnote * 1. It is just a public relations gimmick.* * 2. He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.* * 3. This movie has only one gimmick though, and after a while it begins to wear thin.* * 4. Her gimmick was that she wore a different pair of glasses every day and somehow they all seemed to suit her.* * 5. So, it never hurts to have a gimmick.*

Answer 36

ABP- **Money given by organization, e.g., the goverment, fpr a particular purpose.** ## Footnote **- a sum of money given by the government, a university, or a privateorganization to another organization or person for a special purpose:** *a research/study grant*

Answer 37

ABP- **a small ball of frozen rain:** ## Footnote *"Hailstone is small pieces of ice that fall from the sky like rain."*

Answer 38

**an animal that only eats plants:** * 1 It is known that attacks on plants by herbivores reduce the quality of the tissues for subsequent feeding.* * 2 They are herbivores and like lettuce, peas, spinach, and the occasional treat of a chopped prawn.* * 3 A first distinction is between herbivores and carnivores.* * 4 In ecosystems, plants are consumed by herbivores, which are in turn consumed by carnivores.* * 5 A herbivore, it likes lettuce, peas, and spinach, with the occasional treat of chopped prawn.*

Answer 39

**a group of animals of one kind that live and feed together.** **EXP: Herd of Reindeer** * 2. They are individuals; they will not follow the herd.* * 3. The farm has only small dairy herd.* * 4. A herd of cattle had strayed into the road.* * 5. We saw a herd of deer of twenty.* * 6. Wild geese herd to the south in autumn every year.* * 7. She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.*

Answer 40

**The tendency for people's behaviour or beliefs to conform to those of the group to which they belong.** * ‘the herd mentality of the investment community’* * ‘he's worried that they're going to have a herd mentality and rush to judgement’*

Answer 41

**a large crowd moving in a noisy uncontrolled way.** * 1, The car attracted the interest of a horde of children.* * 2, A horde of children ran over the office building.* * 3, The next morning Vauban and his horde of cavalry trotted into the castle grounds as if they were a welcoming relief.* * 4, The Horde have been, are and can be inspirational but don't always hit the target here.* * 5, They resembled a horde of human locusts.*

Answer 42

**an occasion when someone is kidnapped.to illegally take a person away by force, usually in order to demand money in exchange for that person’s release:** * 1. The news of the kidnapping was blacked out until the police could find the child.* * 2. It's been suggested the kidnapping was a put-up job.* * 3. The kidnapping occurred in broad daylight.* * 4. The kidnapping caused an international incident.* * 5. The kidnapping charge was dropped because of lack of evidence.*

Answer 43

**the punishment of being put in prison for a very long time without an arranged time for release or, in the US, until death:** * (1) The coup leaders could face life imprisonment.* * (2) Life imprisonment is defined as 60 years under state law.* * (3) His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment.* * (4) The death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment.* * (5) He was sentenced to life imprisonment.*

Answer 44

ABP- **a powerful flash of light in the sky caused by electricity and usually followed by thunder:** ## Footnote * 1 Lightning never strikes twice in the same place.* * 2 Bank staff are to stage a series of lightning strikes in a dispute over staffing.* * 3 Lightning strikes caused scores of fires across the state.* * 4 The big tree was struck by lightning.* * 5 Lightning is caused by clouds discharging electricity.* * 6 The tree was struck by lightning.* * 7 The lightning made a zigzag in the sky.*

Answer 45

**a small mistake in an agreement or law which givessomeone the chance to avoid having to do something:** * 1 Every law has a loophole.* * 2 The loophole has allowed hundreds of drink-drivers to avoid prosecution.* * 3 A good lawyer can always find a loophole.* * 4 There was, indeed, one possible loophole.*

Answer 46

**to steal things, especially from shops or homes that have been damaged in a war or riot:** * 1. The protest degenerated into an orgy of looting and shooting.* * 2. The rebels went looting and pillaging.* * 3. The troops crossed the country, plundering and looting as they went.* * 4. Marauding gangs of armed men have been looting food relief supplies.* * 5. There were reports of widespread looting as football hooligans stampeded through the city centre.*

Answer 47

**a large noisy crowd, especially one that is angry and violent.** * (1) A mob came over the hill yelling and brandishing sticks.* * (2) A mob of youths had been dogging me for some time.* * (3) The mob burst into the office ranting and raving.* * (4) The angry mob outside the jail was/were ready to riot.* * (5) Something approaching a lynch mob has been gathering against the Chancellor for even daring to consider higher interest rates.* * (6) The police kept the mob under control.*

Answer 48

**an attack on someone in which they are robbed in a public place:** * 1. Crime is on the increase, especially mugging and burglary.* * 2. Police are concerned that mugging is on the increase.* * 3. He is mugging up on his chemistry for the final examination.* * 4. Mugging is a real worry for many old people.* * 5. Jeannie can't come. She's busy mugging up on science for her exam.*

Answer 49

ABP- **hair that grows above the upper lip:** ## Footnote *"He’s a slender man with a trim mustache."*

Answer 50

**not having much experience of how complicated** **life is, so that you trust people too much and** **believe that good things will always happen → innocent** **Synonym: naif, primitive, unenlightened,** **uninitiate, uninitiated, uninstructed. Similar words:** **nail, questionnaire, give, live, five, liver, dived, river.** **Meaning: [nɑ'ɪːv /naɪ'ɪːv] adj. 1. marked by or showing** **unaffected simplicity and lack of guile or worldly** **experience 2. of or created by one without formal** **training; simple or naive in style 3. inexperienced** **4. lacking information or instruction 5. not initiated;** **deficient in relevant experience.** * (1) It's naive of you to believe he'll do what he says.* * (2) It's naive to think that teachers are always tolerant.* * (3) It would be naive of us to think that football is only a game.* * (4) I can't believe you were so naive as to trust him!* * (5) She was very naive to believe that he'd stay with her.*

Answer 51

**an animal that eats both meat and plants:** * 1 Omnivores are able to eat animal or vegetable food.* * 2 The first is that nature itself is an omnivore.* * 3 Bold gross feeding omnivores represent a similar problem as anyone who has ever kept a Triggerfish, will confirm.* * 4 They are omnivores of vicarious experience but often queasy around its manifestations.* * 5 In a mixed omnivore diet around 25% of dietary iron is non-haem iron.* * 6 Vegetarian and omnivore parents had varying influences on dietary intake and biochemical measurements of their children.*

Answer 52

ABP- **the process of taking too many fish from the sea, a river etc, so that the number of fish in it becomes too low:** ## Footnote * 1. The salmon runs, though much reduced by overfishing in the spawning rivers, continue to support the leading fishery.* * 2. But no one doubts that overfishing is the primary cause of the fish's decline.* * 3. The overfishing of herring and other fish has caused problems for bird species dependent on these stocks, particularly in wintertime.* * 4. Overfishing alone is responsible for the sorry state of the pelagic fish populations.* * 5. Pollution and overfishing have reduced the population of coastal fish.*

Answer 53

**to go in large numbers into a space, or to make people or animals do this, until the space is too full.** * 1. Every horse thinks its own pack heaviest.* * 2. Come on, children, it's time to pack away your toys.* * 3. The water in his pack made it very heavy.* * 4. The soldier carried a pack on his back.* * 5. You have a scant hour in which to pack.* * 6. Pack your things.We're going to leave.* * 7. I have tried to pack a good deal into a few words.*

Answer 54

**the words and actions of a particular character in a play or film:** * He acted his part very well in the French drama.* * Could someone take the part of Romeo, please? Katharine’s playing the part of Mary in the school play.*

Answer 55

ABP- **the process of making a hole in the body for wearing jewellery:** ## Footnote *"They offer ear piercing, facials, massage, and manicures."*

Answer 56

**the events that form the main story of a book, film, or play:** * 1) The film's plot is predictable and the acting is mediocre.* * 2) The film had an exciting plot.* * 3) They were accused of being privy to the plot against the king.* * 4) The general is accused of conniving in a plot to topple the government.* * 5) Security forces have uncovered a plot to overthrow the government.*

Answer 57

ABP- **when a charge is made against someone for a crime, or when someone is judged for a crime in a court of law. Adli Tahkikat.** ## Footnote **1. the institution and conduct of legal proceedings against a defendant for criminal behavior 2. the lawyers acting for the state to put the case against the defendant 3. the continuance of something begun with a view to its completion.** **Similar words: prosecutor, execution, consecutive, executive, section,** * 1. The prosecution alleges she was driving carelessly.* * 2. The prosecution has to prove beyond reasonable doubt that he is guilty of murder.* * 3. His testimony was an important element of the Prosecutioncase.* * 4. During the trial, the prosecution was accused of withholding crucial evidence from the defence.* * 5. Prosecution for a first minor offence rarely leads to imprisonment.*

Answer 58

ABP- **when people have money and everything that is needed for a good life.** ## Footnote **1. an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment 2. the condition of prospering; having good fortune. Synonym: successfulness.** * 1 Learning is an ornament in prosperity, a refuge in adversity, and a provision in old age.* * 2 Prosperity makes friends and adversity tries them.* * 3 In time of prosperity, friends will be plenty.* * 4 In prosperity caution,[www.Sentencedict.com] in adversity patience.* * 5 In time of prosperity, friends will be plenty; In time of adversity, not one amongst twenty.*

Answer 59

**a record or film that has the same music or story as one that was made before:**

Answer 60

ABP- **Money you get back after investing in something.**

Answer 61

**noisy, violent, and uncontrolled behaviour by a group of people in a public place, often as a protest: (İsyan)** * 1. The nation is in disarray following rioting led by the military.* * 2. The unsatisfied workers are rioting in the streets.* * 3. The local media reported rioting across the country.* * 4. His conviction caused rioting in the streets.* * 5. Hundreds of football fans began rioting in the streets.*

Answer 62

**to steal money or property from a person, bank etc:** ## Footnote * 1. The criminals conspired to rob a bank.* * 2. Despite my repeated assurances, Rob still looked very nervous.* * 3. Rob Peter to pay Paul.* * 4. The two conspired to rob a bank.*

Answer 63

ABP- **very strong thick string, made by twisting together many thinner strings:** ## Footnote *"They tied a rope around my waist and pulled me up."*

Answer 64

**A dishonest way to obtain money from people by tricking of deceiving them, for example, using a false identity (see also confidence trick)** * 1. What first put the police onto the scam?* * 2. He got involved in a credit card scam.* * 3. He had no part in the scam.* * 4. They believed they were participating in an insurance scam, not a murder.* * 5. In recent weeks, three others in the scam admitted to charges of money laundering and wire fraud.*

Answer 65

**part of a play during which there is no change in time or place:** **a part of a play or movie in which the action stays in one place for a continuousperiod:** * The opening scene of the movie was filmed in New York City.* * 1 PC Michael Potter attended the scene.* * 2 I can hardly imagine such a scene.* * 3 The beauty of the scene made him catch his breath.* * 4 She was lost in contemplation of the scene in front of her.* * 5 Her scene ended up on the cutting room floor.*

Answer 66

**part of a play during which there is no change in time or place: the painted background, furniture etc used on a theatre stage:**

Answer 67

**the written form of a speech, play, film etc:** * 1) I received a letter from him in neat script.* * 2) Two writers collaborated on the script for the film.* * 3) He began comically ad-libbing a script.* * 4) Bruce Robinson wrote the script for 'The Killing Fields'.* * 5) That line isn't in the script.*

Answer 68

**an animal that lives in water, has a shell, and can be eaten as food, for example crabs, lobsters, and oysters:** ## Footnote * 1. The idea of eating raw shellfish nauseates me.* * 2. They are studying reproduction in shellfish.* * 3. Many cooks are squeamish about putting live shellfish into boiling water.* * 4. Tests showed increased levels of toxin in shellfish.* * 5. Lobsters, crabs, prawns and oysters are all shellfish.*

Answer 69

**the crime of stealing things from shops, for example by hiding them in a bag or under your clothes.** * 1. If she carries on shoplifting, she'll end up in jail.* * 2. The company has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting.* * 3. She was falsely accused of shoplifting.* * 4. He was caught shoplifting by a store detective.* * 5. The grocer accused her of shoplifting and demanded to look in her bag.*

Answer 70

ABP- **a deep mass of snow formed by the wind:** ## Footnote *"A bank of deep snow created by strong winds."*

Answer 71

**the recorded music from a film:**

Answer 72

**large group of insects, especially bees, moving together. a crowd of people who are moving quickly.** * 2. A swarm of ants are moving busily.* * 3. A swarm of bees flew into the garden.* * 4. There is a swarm of bees in the tree.* * 5. The waters swarm with life.* * 6. A swarm of mosquitoes fly into the room.* * 7. A swarm of/Swarms of journalists followed the film star's car.*

Answer 73

ABP- **a permanent picture, pattern, or word on the surface of skin, created by using needles to put colors under the skin:** ## Footnote *"He has a tattoo of a snake on his left arm."*

Answer 74

**someone who steals things from another person or place → theft, burglar, robber** **Synonym: burglar, crook, pilferer, robber. Similar words: chief of state, commander in chief, chief executive, shield, cashier, grief, die for, belief. Meaning: [θɪːf] n. a criminal who takes property belonging to someone else with the intention of keeping it or selling it.** * (1) A true man and a thief think not the same.* * (2) A tattler is worse than a thief.* * (3) Save a thief from gallows and he will help hang you.* * (4) Set a thief to catch a thief. Sentencedict.com* * (5) It takes a thief to catch a thief.* * (6) Procrastination is the thief of time.*

Answer 75

ABP- **the loud noise that you hear during a storm, usually after a flash of lightning:** ## Footnote *"A crashing sound during a storm."*

Answer 76

**to go onto someone’s private land without their permission:** * 1. Don't come trespassing on my land again.* * 2. The farmer said we were trespassing.* * 3. They were trespassing on private property.* * 4. She was arrested for trespassing on government property.* * 5. They were acting to prevent the state from trespassing on family matters such as sex education.*

Answer 77

**the crime of deliberately damaging things, especially public property:** * 1. The report states that vandalism is a pestilence which must be stamped out.* * 2. Beset by drug problems, prostitution, violence and vandalism, this is one of the most unpleasant areas in the city.* * 3. We need to consider the problem of vandalism within a wider context.* * 4. These schools are known to be vulnerable to vandalism.* * 5. It's time to call a halt to vandalism.*

Answer 78

**a ticket that can be used instead of money for a particular purpose:** ## Footnote *The voucher can be used at most major supermarkets. First prize is a £1,000 travel voucher.* **an official statement or receipt that is given to someone to prove that their accounts are correct or that money has been paid**

Answer 79

ABP- **a type of vinegar made from sour wine, used in cooking:**

Answer 80

ABP- **wrinkles are lines on your face and skin that you get when you are old:** ## Footnote *"Her face was a mass of wrinkles."*

Answer 81

ABP- **The money a business makes after it pays all its costs. money that you gain by selling things or doing business, after your costs have been paid.** ## Footnote * The shop’s daily profit is usually around $500.* * She sold the business and bought a farm with the profits.* * They sold their house at a healthy profit.*

Answer 82

**a feeling of liking or love and caring. SYN fondness.** * 1, That trial is not fair where affection is the judge.* * 2, He gave her a kiss that betokened his affection.* * 3, I was born with an enormous need for affection, and a terrible need to give it.* * 4, If you are a winter grass, affection is the sun, warm your cold body.* *_5, He didn't show his wife any affection._*

Answer 83

**the feeling of not being part of society or a group.** **Synonym: disaffection, estrangement.** * 1. Alienation is a central motif in her novels.* * 2. There is a growing feeling of alienation among young unemployed people.* * 3. This short-sighted alienation of their own supporters may lose them the election.* * 4. Unemployment may provoke a sense of alienation from society.* * 5. Mental illness can create a sense of alienation _from_ the real world.*

Answer 84

**if you feel you belong in a place or situation, you feel happy and comfortable in it, because you have the same interests and ideas as other people.** **exam: Most of us don't like to feel alone. We need a sense of belonging.** * 1. The police impounded cars and other personal property belonging to the drug dealers.* * 2. They feel deeply the honour of belonging to the Senate.* * 3. We look upon you as belonging to the family.* * 4. She recognized the voice as belonging to the man who had attacked her.* * 5. Documents properly belonging to the family were taken away.*

Answer 85

**- written or spoken in two languages.** **- able to speak two languages equally well.** * 1. The report proposed bilingual education in schools.* * 2. He is virtually bilingual in Spanish and Portuguese.* * 3. She works as a bilingual secretary for an insurance company.* * 4. Many parents oppose bilingual education in schools.* * 5. She is bilingual in English and Punjabi.*

Answer 86

**- the inner surface of the top part of a room.** rooms with high ceilings a light hanging from the ceiling **- the largest number or amount of something that is officially allowed** a public spending ceiling of £240 billion

Answer 87

**a promise to do something or to behave in a particular way: (Taahhüt)** Are you ready to make a long-term commitment? Try the product for two weeks with no commitment to buy.

Answer 88

**a feeling of having little doubt about yourself and your abilities, or a feeling of trust in someone or something:** He has a sense of confidence, even arrogance, about what he does. Consumers’ confidence in the economy is strong. Her colleagues lost confidence in her.

Answer 89

**Australia is an English-Speaking country.**

Answer 90

**a feeling of energetic interest in a particular subject or activity and a desire to be involved in it, or a subject that produces such a feeling:** [U] I find that I’m losing my enthusiasm for the game. [C] Parents need to share their enthusiasms with their children.

Answer 91

1. (Architecture) a design or decoration of flutes on a column, pilaster, etc 2. grooves or furrows, as in cloth

Answer 92

**the sound each step makes when someone is walking.** (1) They heard footsteps in the main room, beyond a door. (2) Luke's footsteps receded into the night. (3) The sound of the heavy footsteps awoke the watchdog. (4) Their footsteps echoed in the silence. (5) I heard a scurry of footsteps.

Answer 93

**- the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do.** I wish my son would show more initiative. Don’t keep asking me for advice. Use your initiative. Lt. Carlos was not obeying orders. He acted on his own initiative **- an important new plan or process to achieve a particular aim or to solve a particular problem.** * a government initiative to help exporters.* * an education initiative* **- a process by which ordinary citizens can officially suggest a change in the law by signing a petition.**

Answer 94

**a clear, deep, and sometimes sudden understanding of a complicatedproblem or situation, or the ability to have such an understanding:** [C] Hurston’s writings were recognized for their insights. [U] His work shows originality and insight.

Answer 95

**- the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles:** He was a man of the highest personal integrity. **- wholeness and unity:** The integrity of the play would be ruined by changing the ending.

Answer 96

**incorrect information, especially when deliberately intended to deceive people. Yanlis bilgi** *There is a lot of misinformation about my language; people think it's difficult to learn, but it's not.*

Answer 97

**to not understand the correct meaning of something that someone says or does, or of facts that you are considering _SYN_ misread, misconstrue (yanlis yorum)** **BOOK: You have to be clear about what you say in a foreign language, otherwise your comment can be open to misinterpretation.** * 1 Her anxiety has sprung from a misinterpretation of the report.* * 2 The same misinterpretation of the gravity vertical is possible in a co-ordinated turn.* * 3 Although open to misinterpretation, this at least in principle shows the extent to which employers were hunting for workers.* * 4 The misinterpretation of behavior as pathology also results quite often from the labeling of social problems as individual psychological problems.* * 5 The message left no room for misinterpretation.*

Answer 98

**to pronounce a word or name wrongly. (yanlis telafuz)** **BOOK: Mispronuncaition is not really a problem in my language, because the sounds are very easy to produce.** * 1, Mispronunciation can be a serious obstacle to making yourself understood in a foreign language.* * 2, Mispronunciation - People laugh or feel awkward when they hear a public speaker mispronounce words.* * 3, This proto-Chinglish term "pidgin" originated as a Chinese mispronunciation of the English word "business".* * 4, My mispronunciation of her name could have been a fatal mistake.* * 5, Some reasons lead to the mispronunciation, for example, the spread of the traditional gender conception, the feminine characteristic and unconsciousness, the benefit attraction and so on.*

Answer 99

**a problem caused by someone not understanding a question, situation, or instruction correctly. (yanlis anlama)** * 1 He was the unknowing cause of all the misunderstanding.* * 2 If love is misunderstanding, who let I can return to perfect.* * 3 Put aside all Facing the misunderstanding to keep cool.* * 4 Maybe it's all just a big misunderstanding.* * 5 We try to preclude any possibility of misunderstanding.*

Answer 100

**to use something for the wrong purpose, or in the wrong way, often with harmful results _SYN_ abuse.** ## Footnote * 1 He was sacked for computer misuse.* * 2 It disturbs me profoundly that you so misuse your talents.* * 3 He was eventually convicted for the misuse of official funds.* * 4 There was no guarantee against misuse of the king's power.* * 5 Misuse of the equipment could endanger the lives of staff and students.*

Answer 101

**speaking or using only one language.** * 1 This is a monolingual dictionary.* * 2 In addition, the linguistic needs of monolingual pupils should be given separate consideration.* * 3 There is therefore an increased possibility that monolingualteachers will find themselves in linguistically diverse classrooms.* * 4 Same room, same seat, minutes later, with a monolingualforeign actor and an interpreter.* * 5 This approach to language learning is suitable for monolingualgroups.*

Answer 102

**your mother tongue is the first and main language that you learnt when you were a child _SYN_ native language/tongue.** * 1. Command of the mother tongue is the most distinguishing mark of an educated man or woman.* * 3. And people don't choose their mother tongue, do they?* * 4. I speak nothing but our mother tongue.* * 5. Many children are not able to speak their mother tongue and the Shanghai Huju Opera Theater company has had trouble finding speakers of pure and coherent Shanghai dialect.*

Answer 103

**wet earth that has become soft and sticky. Çumur, Balçık** 1. Two bikes raced by and spattered mud over our clothes. 2. There was a lot of mud on the ground. 3. My new shoes got ruined in the mud. 4. As the bus passed, it spattered us with mud. 5. The people in the rural areas use mud bricks only as an immediate, practical necessity.

Answer 104

**using, speaking, or written in several different languages.** * 1) In fact, well-educated, multilingual women from many different countries worked as international stewardesses.* * 2) There is growing interest in multilingual thesauri for application in international information retrieval networks.* * 3) It offers multilingual and interdisciplinary curriculum at University degree level.* * 4) India is a, multilingual ` country.* * 5) The hotel has a multilingual staff.*

Answer 105

**- the language of the country that someone is born in or native to.** **- the language that a person has spoken from earliest childhood.** * 1. He read a poem in his native language.* * 2. English is not my native language.* * 3. He reverted to his native language .* * 4. Try not to drop into your native language.* * 5. Her native language is German.*

Answer 106

**an attitude that is not hopeful or enthusiastic:** There's too much negativity in the world today.

Answer 107

**a group of people, organizations etc that are connected or that work together:** ## Footnote * 1. They are establishing a network of pumps and pipelines to move the oil.* * 2. Railway lines criss-cross in a dense network.* * 3. A network of railways has spread over the province.* * 4. They've installed the new computer network at last.* * 5. You're listening to the American Armed Forces Network.*

Answer 108

**confidence that you have in your own abilities:** She’s an extrovert who exudes self-assurance.

Answer 109

**Formal sister or brother.** * 1 She had never overcome her feelings of sibling rivalry .* * 2 The term "sibling rivalry" refers to a constellation of feelings.* * 3 They felt no sibling rivalry where Joe was concerned.* * 4 But these sibling difficulties are minor beside the difficulties opened up for George W by his little bro.* * 5 Just because sibling rivalry is normal doesn't mean you should ignore it.*

Answer 110

**agreement between and support for the members of a group: SYN: Unity** * 1. The situation raises important questions about solidarityamong member states of the UN.* * 2. Drivers honked their horns in solidarity with the peace marchers.* * 3. The conflict fostered solidarity among Arab oil states.* * 4. I come before you today to express my solidarity with the people of New York.* * 5. 'We must show solidarity with the strikers,' declared the student leaders.*

Answer 111

**the feeling of being friendly and close with other people:** **EXAM: There's a real feeling of togetherness in this community. Everyone helps each other.** * 1, The difficulties have created a spirit of togetherness.* * 2, Real togetherness Einstein licked his wounds after his long drawn out battle with Bohr about the uncertainty principle.* * 3, To such Republicans unity is the togetherness of the master and the servant, the victor and the vanquished.* * 4, The opposite of Loneliness is not togetherness, it's intimacy. Richard Bach* * 5, The days of cheerful togetherness were long gone.*

Answer 112

**the total amount of something, especially when it is large or increasing:** * The volume of traffic on the roads has increased dramatically in recent years.* * the volume of trade*

Answer 113

**the state of being prepared to do something:** He has shown no willingness to compromise.

Answer 114

**a wisp of hair, grass, hay etc is a thin piece of it that is separate from the rest:** *A wisp of hair had escaped from under her hat.*

Answer 115

effort, trouble, or difficulty. "he saved me the bother of having to come up with a speech" Same meaning: trouble, effort, exertion, strain, inconvenience, fuss, bustle, hustle and bustle, disruption; pains; informalhassle "I don't want to put you to any bother"

Answer 116

**someone who gets services or advice from a professional person, company, or organization.** **SYN customer** * 1. The lawyer proved the innocence of his client.* * 2. A lawyer acts for his client.* * 3. I have a client with me right now.* * 4. Discussions between a lawyer and client are privileged communications.* * 5. The boss asked the secretary to let the client up.*

Answer 117

**someone who says bad things about someone or something, in order to make them seem less good than they really are SYN critic ( Aleyhte konuşan kimse)** 1. This performance will silence many of his detractors. 2. His detractors claim that his fierce temper makes him unsuitable for party leadership. 3. She put up a game fight against her detractors. 4. Even the President's detractors admit that the decision was the right one. 5. Detractors claim the building will be ugly and impractical.

Answer 118

**the difference between two similar things:** * 1. This path marks the dividing line between my land and my neighbour's.* * 2. For many television viewers the dividing line between fact and fiction is becoming increasingly blurred.* * 3. The river was chosen as a dividing line between the two districts.* * 4. There's a very thin dividing line between joviality and hysteria.*

Answer 119

a person who lives in a city, town, cave, etc. cave indweller

Answer 120

the modern system of belief made famous by Jean PaulSartre in the 1940s in which the world has no meaningand each person is alone and completely responsible fortheir own actions, by which they make their owncharacter

Answer 121

**a piece of clothing.** * (1) The coat [garment, tailor] makes the man.* * (2) She pulled the garment on and zipped it up.* * (3) She wore a shapeless knitted garment.* * (4) Every garment in the shop has a price mark sewn on it.* * (5) This garment should be washed carefully.*

Answer 122

**an increase in amount, number, or size:** * Synonym: development, emergence, growing, increase, increment, maturation, ontogenesis, ontogeny, outgrowth.* * (1) Honesty is the germ from which all growth of nobleness proceeds.* * (2) Confidence is a plant of slow growth.* * (3) True friendship is a plant of slow growth.* * (4) There has been a rapid acceleration in the growth of industry.* * (5) The assumptions made about the economy's rate of growthproved to be incorrect.*

Answer 123

an event that is either unpleasant or unusual: an isolated/serious/unfortunate incident A youth was seriously injured in a shooting incident on Saturday night.

Answer 124

the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behaviour of someone or something, or the effect itself. "the influence of television violence"

Answer 125

one of the parts in a mixture: Combine all the ingredients for the stew. fig. She viewed color as an essential ingredient of good design.

Answer 126

**an amount of money paid regularly by the government or company to someone who does not work anymore, for example because they have reached the age when people stop working or because they are ill.** **a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working. v. grant a pension to.** **"Pensioner" Emekli maaşı alan kişi** * 1. Employees can contract into the company pension scheme.* * 2. She lived on a small pension.* * 3. His company has the best pension scheme in the industry.* * 4. He lived on an invalidity pension which came as a weekly giro.* * 5. You will automatically qualify for a pension.* * 6. The pension includes an allowance of fifty pounds for traffic expenditures.* * 7. The pension funds are administered by commercial banks.*

Answer 127

a person who steals another person's property, especially by stealth and without using force or threat of violence. "thieves broke into a house on York Close" eş anlamlısı: robber, burglar, housebreaker, cat burglar, shoplifter, pickpocket, sneak thief, mugger, larcenist, stealer, pilferer, poacher; embezzler, swindler; criminal, villain; kleptomaniac; raider, looter, plunderer, pillager, marauder; bandit, brigand, pirate, highwayman; dacoit; informalcrook, cracksman, steamer; informalyegg, second-story man/worker; informaltief; rhyming slangtea leaf; archaiccutpurse, pickpurse, footpad, lurcher; rarepeculator, defalcator

Answer 128

**a photograph or part of a film in which the camera seems to have been very close to the pictureit took.** I took a good closeup shot of a bee on a flower.

Answer 129

**a picture made by sticking other pictures, photographs, cloth etc onto a surface:** The children made a collage with scraps of paper.

Answer 130

**a painting that is painted on a wall, either inside or outside a building → fresco** The artist painted a huge mural on the wall of the parking lot.

Answer 131

**a simple, quickly made drawing that does not show much detail:** He made a quick pencil sketch of her face.

Answer 132

**a photograph taken quickly and often not very skilfully SYN snap:** I took a few snapshots of the hotel when I arrived.