Thermodynamics

Question 1

Zeroth law

Answer 1

No net heat flows between objects in thermal equilibrium

Question 2

What is heat

Answer 2

The transfer of thermal energy as a result of temperature differences

Question 3

K —> C

Answer 3

K - 273 = C

Question 4

Third law of thermodynamics

Answer 4

Entropy of a perfectly organized crystal at absolute zero is zero

Question 5

F —> C

Answer 5

C = (F - 32) x 5/9

Question 6

Thermal expansion

Answer 6

Objects expand at higher temperatures

Question 7

Thermal expansion for solids

Answer 7

Question 8

Thermal expansion for liquids

Answer 8

Question 9

State functions and examples

Answer 9

Function of the current equilibrium state that is independent of the path taken —> pressure, density, temp, volume, enthalpy, internal energy, Gibbs free energy, entropy

Question 10

Process functions

Answer 10

Describe the path takes to get from one state to another 1. Work 2. Heat

Question 11

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 11

Question 12

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 12

Objects in contact and not in thermal equilibrium will exchange heat

Question 13

Conversion from Cal to J

Answer 13

Question 14

Specific heat

Answer 14

Amount of energy required to raise one gram of a substance by one degree celsius

Question 15

Specific heat of water

Answer 15

Question 16

Heat of transformation

Answer 16

Energy provided does not change the temperature until all molecules of the substance are in the same phase

Question 17

What is associated with change of phase

Answer 17

Change in potential energy. As molecules move more, they have a higher degree of freedom = more micro states = higher PE

Question 18

Heat of fusion

Answer 18

Liquid solid

Question 19

Isothermal

Answer 19

Q = W

No temperature ∆, so work done is compensated by heat

Question 20

Adiabatic

Answer 20

∆U = -W

No heat exchanged, so work done affects the internal energy

Question 21

Isobaric

Answer 21

∆U = Q - W

Constant pressure

Question 22

Isovolumetric

Answer 22

∆U = Q

No change in shape so no work is done

Question 23

Entropy

Answer 23

Measure of spontaneous dispersal of energy at a specific temperature

Question 24

Units of entropy

Answer 24

Question 25

Entropy of universe

Answer 25