Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Enthalpy of Formation

A
  • the enthalpy change when 1mole is formed
  • from elements in their standard states
  • and all products and reactants in their standard states
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2
Q

what is the standard enthalpy of formation of an element?

A

0

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3
Q

Enthalpy of Combustion

A
  • enthalpy change when 1 mole is combusted
  • completely in oxygen
  • and all products and reactants are in their standard states
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4
Q

Ethalpy change of atomisation of an element

A
  • enthalpy change when of 1 mole of gaseous atoms
  • is formed
  • from an element in its standard state and standard under conditions
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5
Q

First Ionisation Energy Enthalpy

A

the enthalpy change when 1 mole of +1 gaseous ions is formed from 1 mole of gaseous atoms.

(electron loss)

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6
Q

First Election Affinity Enthalpy

A

the enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous -1 ions is formed from 1 mole of gaseous atoms
(electron gain)

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7
Q

Lattice Enthalpy of Formation

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of a solid ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions under standard conditions

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8
Q

Lattice Enthalpy of Dissociation

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of a solid ionic compound is dissociated into 1 mole of gaseous ions, under standard conditions

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9
Q

Enthalpy of Hydration

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of aqueous ions is formed from 1 mole of gaseous ions

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10
Q

Enthalpy of Solution

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of solute is dissolved in enough solvent that no further enthalpy change occurs on further dilution

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11
Q

Mean Bond Enthalpy

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous molecules breaks a covalent bond to form 2 free radicals

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12
Q

Hess’ Law

A

the total energy (or enthalpy) change for a chemical reaction is the same whatever route is taken.
provided that the initial and final conditions are the same

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13
Q

Born-Haber

A

is a thermocheical cycle that includes all the enthalpy changes involved in the formation of an ionic compound.

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14
Q

exothermic reactions have a … enthalpy value

A

negative

because heat energy is given out

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15
Q

endothermic reactions have a …. enthalpy value

A

positive

because heat energy is taken in

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16
Q

Second Ionisation Energy

A

the enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous +2 ions is formed from 1 mole of gaseous +1 ions

17
Q

Second Electron Affinity

A

the enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous -2 ions is formed from 1 mole of gaseous -1 ions

18
Q

Enthalpy change of atomisation of a compound

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound, in its standard state, is converted to gaseous atoms

19
Q

Bond Dissociation Enthalpy

A

enthalpy change when all the bonds of the same type in 1 mole of gaseous molecules are broken

20
Q

Entropy

A

the measure of the number of ways that particles can be arranged and the number of ways that the energy can be shared out between the particles

21
Q

If the entropy value is large and positive, the level of disorder is

A

high