Thermodynamics Flashcards
What is thermodynamics?
The study of how heat and temperature relate to energy and work.
How many laws of thermodynamics are there?
Four.
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy and matter passing into and out of a system must abide by the law of conservation of energy.
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
The sum of entropies of interacting thermodynamics naturally increases.
What is bond enthalpy?
The amount of energy reqiured to break one mole of the stated bond in gas phase.
What is meant by the term covalent character?
The partial sharing of electrons between atoms that have an ionic bond.
What is meant by enthalpy of atomisation?
Enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from the elements in its standard states. It is always endothermic.
Is enthalpy of atomisation always endothermic or exothermic?
Endothermic.
What is meant by enthalpy of formation?
Enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states under standard conditions.
What is meant by enthalpy of hydration?
Enthalpy change when one mole of a gaseous ion is completely dissolved in water under standard conditions.
What is meant by enthalpy lattice dissociation?
Enthalpy change when one mole of a solid ionic compound is converted into its gaseous ions.
What is meant by enthalpy lattice formation?
Enthalpy change when one mole of a solid ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions.
What is meant by enthalpy of solution?
Enthalpy change when one mole of ionic solid completely dissolves in water under standard conditions to form an infinitely dilute solutions.
What is meant by first electron affinity?
Enthalpy change when one electron is added to each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1- ions.
What is meant by Gibbs free-energy change?
A measure of the feasibility of a chemical reaction.
