THERMODYNAMICS Flashcards
the measure of how “hot” or “cold” a body is
temperature
its formla definition is the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a body
temperature
the freezing point of water in Celsius is set at
0°C
the boiling point of water in Celsius is set at
100°C
the freezing point of water in fahrenheit is set at
32 °F
the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit is set at
212 °F
what temperature scale has a scale whose zero point is where all the molecular motion steps
Kelvin scale
Three Temperature Scales
Celsius
Fahrenheit
Kelvin
boiling point of water in Kelvin
375.15 K
freezing point of water in Kelvin
273.15 K
absolute 0 of Kelvin
0
absolute zero in Celsius scale
-273.15 °C
absolute zero in Fahrenheit
-460°F
is the energy being transferred from one body to another due to the difference in their temperatures
heat
is heat a vector quantity or a scalar quantity?
Scalar
what is the symbol for heat
Q
what is the SI unit for heat
Joules, J
the direction of heat transfer or heat flow is ALWAYS from ________ to a ________
hot to cold
3 effects of heat transfer
- temperature changes
- phase change
- thermal expansion
is the process of measuring heat
Calorimetry
it is amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g of an object by 1°C
Specific heat capacity
what is the symbol for calorimetry
c
what is the SI unit for calorimetry
J/g * °C
it depends on the material; each material has a unique specific heat capacity
specific heat capacity
in calorimetry, it is the total amount of heat gained or lost an object when it changes temperature from T1 to T2
Q
what is the formula for calorimetry
Q = mcΔT
what does (m) mean in the formula:
Q = mcΔT
mass of the object
what does (c) mean in the formula:
Q = mcΔT
specific heat capacity
what does ΔT stand for
change in temperature
this is a system that prevents its components from exchanging energy (such as heat) with the surroundings
Closed system
what is the term when heat will flow until the system is said to be in _________ where A and B reaches a common temperature
thermal equilibrium
the Law that states that if A is in thermal equilibrium with B, and B is in thermal equilibrium with C, then A is in thermal equilibrium with C
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
What thermodynamic law can be observed when in a closed system, the sum of the heat gained by one body and the heat lost by another body is zero. This means that the total amount of energy inside a closed system does not change?
Law of Conservation of Energy
it is described as solid, liquid, or gas
Phase
it is the transition from one phase to another due to addition or removal of heat
Phase change
what phase change occurs when solid turns to liquid
melting
what is the opposite of melting?
freezing
what phase change occurs when liquid become gas
vaporization
what is opposit of vaporization
condensation
what phase change occurs when solid becomes gas?
sublimation
during phase change there is
no change in ————
temperature
what formula cannot be used to determine the amount of heat involved during phase change
Q = mcΔT
it is the amout of heat needed for 1 g of an object to undergo phase change
Latent Heat
what is the symbol for Latent Heat
L
what is the SI unit for Latent Heat
J/g
What can be the other unit for Latent Heat
cal/g
this depends on the material and type of phase transition; each material has a unique latent heat for each type of phase transition
Latent Heat
is the Latent Heat negative or positive if the heat is released during phase change?
L is negative
is the Latent Heat negative or positive if the heat is absorbed during phase change
L is positive
it is the study of heat, energy transformation, work and temperature nad the relation of heat to other forms of energy and properties of matter
Thermodyamics
