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Thermodynamics > Thermodynamics > Flashcards

Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

who was the scientist that showed that the caloric theory was flawed

A

thompson/rumford

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2
Q

What temperature in kevins is absolute 0

A

0

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3
Q

Scientists use what 2 temperature scales

A

Celsius and Kevin

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4
Q

Movement of energy in the form of electromagnetic

A

Radiation

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5
Q

What temperature does water freeze for kevin

A

273.15

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6
Q

Which law states that energy can flow from a colder object to warmer objects only if something does work

A

Second

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7
Q

Both celsius and kevin use what to fiduciary points

A

Absolute zero and triple point of water

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8
Q

a material through which thermal energy moves easily is a

A

thermal conductor

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9
Q

Ancient greeks believed what 2 things were the same

A

Heat and fire

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10
Q

What temperature does water freeze for Fahrenheit

A

32

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11
Q

What is the thermometric property

A

Any property that changes predictably with changes in temperature

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12
Q

Example of radiation

A

Sun rays; heat lamps

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13
Q

What does the Third Law of thermodynamic state

A

The third law of thermodynamics states that entropy would be at its minimum value at absolute zero

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14
Q

Movement of electric charge or thermal energy through an object or from and object to object through direct contact

A

Conduction

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15
Q

which type of thermal energy transfer is demonstrated by a metal rod becoming hot over its entire length when one end is placed in a fire

A

conduction

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16
Q

Who showed the connection between one calorie of mechanical work and 4.18 J of thermal energy

A

James Prescott Joule

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17
Q

Example of Conduction

A

Flame hitting kettle and kettle heats the water

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18
Q

What is thermal energy

A

The total kinetic energies of ALL the particles within an object

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19
Q

Example of convection

A

Warm air rises and cold air sinks (hot air balloon)

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20
Q

What temperature does water boil for Fahrenheit

A

212

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21
Q

Benjamin Thompson and his cannon boring experiment revealed that a dull drill produced what

A

More heat because less metal was being cut

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22
Q

Who developed the 1st accurate thermometer

A

Daniel Fahrenheit

23
Q

What temperature does water freeze for Celsius

A

0

24
Q

thermal energy transfer through electromagnetic waves is called

A

radiation

25
Q

ruber doesnt allow thermal energy to move through it easily. rubber is a

A

thermal insulater

26
Q

According to the Kinetic Molecular model, heat comes from what

A

Particles in constant motion

27
Q

What is temperature

A

Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of an object proportional to the average kinetic energy

28
Q

What does the 2nd law of thermodynamics state

A

The law states that energy can flow from a colder object to a warmer object only if something does work

29
Q

Rumfords cannon boring experiment revealed that a dull drill produced __?__ heat as __?__ metal was cut

A

more; less

30
Q

What is a thermal conductor

A

A material through which thermal energy moves easily

31
Q

What temperature does water boil for kevin

A

373.15

32
Q

For a thermometer to produce reproducible measurements, it’s scale is constructed on the basis of 2 known temperatures called what

A

Fiduciary points

33
Q

What temperature does water boil for Celsius

A

100

34
Q

which type of thermal energy transfer is demonstrated by the sun heating fabric seats in a car

A

radiation

35
Q

According to the caloric theory heat was what

A

Heat was an invisible fluid

36
Q

which of the following scientists showed a connection between one calorie of mechanical work and 4.18J of thermal energy

A

Fames Prescott Joule

37
Q

Who challenged the caloric theory

A

Benjamin Thompson

38
Q

How do thermoprometric properties make a liquid filled thermometer possible

A

As liquid expands the temperature goes up and when liquid cools it will contract

39
Q

which type of thermal energy transfer is demonstrated by the rising of a hot air balloon

A

convection

40
Q

Who was Benjamin Thompson also known as

A

Count Rumford

41
Q

Which law states that entropy would be at its minimum value at absolute zero

A

Third

42
Q

Thermal energy is affected by what 2 things

A

Temperature and number of particles

43
Q

The idea that heat comes from the constant motion of particles is described by the __?__

A

kinetic-molecular model

44
Q

What is the most commonly used scale worldwide

A

Celsius

45
Q

the transfer of thermal energy is called ______

A

heat

46
Q

Define heat

A

Heat is the movement of themal energy from an area of higher temperature to one of a lower temperature

47
Q

Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but only transferred between objects or transformed also known as the law of conservation of energy

A

1

48
Q

On the particle level what happens when a warmer object comes into contact with a cooler on objects and how long will this occur

A

One particles move fast and cold particles move slow so the fast moving particles are moving towards the slow ones and they will collide this incurs until they are at the same temperature

49
Q

What is the purpose of of expansion joints

A

To allow for thermal expansion of a structure, bridges, buildings, or roads

50
Q

What is a thermal insulator

A

A thermal insulator is a material through which thermal energy does not move easily

51
Q

We can change the state of materials be __?__ thermal energy

A

Adding

52
Q

What does the 1st law of thermodynamics state

A

The law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but only transferred between objects or transformed; known as the law of conservation of energy

53
Q

Movement of thermal energy as fluids move

A

Convection

Thermodynamics (1 decks)

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