Thermodynamics 1 Equations Flashcards

1
Q

Sign Convention for Heat

A

Heat IN is +ive

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2
Q

Sign Convention for Work

A

Work OUT is +ive

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3
Q

Displacement Work

A

W = int P dV

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4
Q

Isothermal PV relationship

A

P V = m R T

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5
Q

Isentropic PV relationship

A

P V^γ = k

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6
Q

First Law of Thermodynamics

A

Q - W = ΔU (for a closed system)

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7
Q

Enthalpy Definition

A

h = u + P v

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8
Q

Ideal Gas Law

A

P v = R T

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9
Q

Specific Heat (constant volume)

A

Cv = du/dT

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10
Q

Change in u

A

u2 - u1 = Cv * ( T2 - T1 )

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11
Q

Specific Heat (constant pressure)

A

Cp = dh/dT

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12
Q

Change in h

A

h2 - h1 = Cp * ( T2 - T1 )

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13
Q

Specific Heat Relationship

A

R = Cp - Cv

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14
Q

γ in terms of specific heats

A

γ = Cp / Cv

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15
Q

Dryness fraction from specific volume

A

x = (v - vf) / (vg - vf)

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16
Q

Dryness fraction from specific enthalpy

A

x = (h - hf) / (hg - hf)

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17
Q

Dryness fraction from specific entropy

A

x = (s - sf) / (sg - sf)

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18
Q

Specific enthalpy h_fg for wet steam

A

hfg = hg - hf

19
Q

Specific enthalpy h of wet steam

A

h = hf + x * hfg

20
Q

Heat (Q) and Temp (T) relationship for a reversible heat engine

A

Qh / Th = Qc / Tc

21
Q

Reversible Heat Temp relationship (condition)

A

int dQ/T = 0

22
Q

Irreversible Heat Temp relationship condition

A

int dQ/T < 0

23
Q

Entropy Definition

A

dS = dQ(rev) / T

24
Q

Change in Entropy

A

S2 - S1 = int dQ(rev)/T

25
Reversible change in Entropy
S2 - S1 = int dQ / T
26
Irreversible change in Entropy
S2 - S1 > int dQ / T
27
1st T ds Equation
T ds = du + P dv
28
2nd T ds Equation
T ds = dh - v dP
29
Integrated T ds equation in T and v
s2 - s1 = Cv ln(T2/T1) + R ln(v2/v1)
30
Integrated T ds equation in T and P
s2 - s1 = Cp ln(T2/T1) - R ln(P2/P1)
31
Integrated T ds equation in P and v
s2 - s1 = Cp ln(v2/v1) + Cv ln(P2/P1)
32
Isentropic T v relationship
T * v^(γ - 1) = k
33
Isentropic T P relationship
T / P^((γ-1)/γ) = k
34
Isentropic Efficiency (ηs) for a turbine
ηs = (h1 - h2) / (h1 - h2s)
35
Isentropic Efficiency (ηs) for a compressor
ηs = (h2s - h1) / (h2 - h1)
36
Reversible Heat Transfer (Q) from a T s Diagram
Q = int T ds
37
SFEE | Steady Flow Energy Equation
Qdot- Wdot = mdot(h + 1/2 c^2 + gz)[out] - mdot(h + 1/2 c^2 + gz)[in]
38
Heat Engine Efficiency for any engine
η = 1 - Qc/Qh
39
Reversible Heat Engine Efficiency (Carnot Efficiency)
η = 1 - Tc/Th
40
COP for a Refrigerator
COP = Qc / (Qh - Qc)
41
COP for a Reversible Refrigerator
COP(rev) = Tc / (Th - Tc)
42
COP for a Heat Pump
COP = Qh / (Qh - Qc)
43
COP for a Reversible Heat Pump
COP(rev) = Th / (Th - Tc)