Thermodynamics 1 Flashcards
System
A collection of matter enclosed within a prescribed boundary
Boundary
A surface which separates the system from its surroundings
Surroundings
Matter external to the system
Open system
A system that freely exchanges energy and matter with its surroundings
Closed system
A system where only work and heat can cross the boundary
Isolated system
A system that does not exchange any matter or energy with its surroundings
Working fluid
Matter within the system boundaries and it’s affected by any energy crossing the boundary
Matter phase
Quantity of matter with the same chemical composition that is homogenous throughout
State
Condition of a system at any instant of time
Property
Define the state of the system
Intensive property
Property that depends on the mass of the system
Extensive property
Property that does depend on the mass of the system
Specific property
Extensive property / Mass
Thermal equilibrium
No transfer of heat energy between two systems when they are brought into thermal contact
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other
Absolute pressure
Effect of a normal force acting on an area
Gauge pressure
Magnitude of the difference between absolute pressure in a system and the absolute pressure of the atmosphere outside a measuring device
Process
The path through which a system passes from one state to the other
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
State at which no change occurs within the system when it is isolated from the surroundings
Work
Force acting through a displacement
Heat
Form of energy that is transferred across the boundary of a system by virtue of the temperature difference between the system and the surroundings
Cycle
Sequence of processes that begins and ends at the same state. All properties have the same values at the end and the beginning
First law of thermodynamics
If any system undergoes a cyclic process, the sum of the net heat energy input and the net work input is zero
Internal energy
Energy stored by particles of a substance
