Thermochemistry

Question 1

Work (w)

Answer 1

A force actin through distance

Question 2

Heat (q)

Answer 2

The flow of energy caused by a temperature difference

Question 3

Kinetic energy

Answer 3

Energy of motion

Question 4

Thermal energy

Answer 4

Energy associated with temperature

Question 5

Potential energy

Answer 5

Energy associated with position or composition

Question 6

Chemical energy

Answer 6

A form of potential energy associated with positions of electron and nuclei in a system

Question 7

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 7

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transferred from one object or system to another

Question 8

System

Answer 8

Area of interest –> what you’re studying

Question 9

Surroundings

Answer 9

Everything else –> ex. The earth is the system and the universe is the surroundings

Question 10

Thermodynamics

Answer 10

General study of energy and its interconversions

Question 11

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 11

The total energy of the universe is constant –> law of conservation of energy

Question 12

Internal energy

Answer 12

U = Ukinetic + Upotential

Question 13

State function

Answer 13

Function which depends only on the definition of the state, not how it got there –> mountain climbing analogy

Question 14

Change in internal energy (delta U)

Answer 14

= work + heat

Question 15

Heat capacity (C)

Answer 15

The quantity of heat required to change a systems temperature by 1 degree Celsius

Question 16

Enthalpy (H)

Answer 16

The heat evolved in a chemical reaction at a constant pressure

Delta H = qp

Question 17

Hess’s Law

Answer 17

The change in enthalpy for a stepwise process is the sum of the enthalpy changed of the steps

Question 18

Standard state - gas

Answer 18

1 atm

Question 19

Standard state - liquid or solid

Answer 19

1 atm

Question 20

Standard state - solution

Answer 20

1 mol/L –> 1M

Question 21

Standard enthalpy

Answer 21

The change in enthalpy when all the reactants and products are in their standard states

Question 22

Standard formation of enthalpy

Answer 22

The change in enthalpy when 1 mol of compound forms from its constituent elements in their standard states

Question 23

1 bar.L = x J

Answer 23

X = 100