Thermochemistry

Question 1

What is thermodynamics?

Answer 1

Study of heat due to force or force due to heat

Question 2

What is energy?

Answer 2

Ability to do work or transfer heat

Question 3

What is thermochemistry?

Answer 3

Study of energy and heat associated with chemical reactions and of physical transformations

Question 4

What is heat?

Answer 4

Energy used to cause increase in temperature

Question 5

What is work?

Answer 5

Energy used to cause one object that has mass to move.

Question 6

What is the equation for work?

Answer 6

Work = force * distance

Question 7

What is a system?
What is a surrounding?

Answer 7

Part of universe which undergoes thermodynamic study.
Everything else

Question 8

What is an open, isolated, and closed system?

Answer 8

Open- matter and energy can be exchanged to surrounding
Isolated- Neither matter nor heat can be exchanged with surrounding
Closed- Exchange energy not matter with surrounding

Question 9

What is internal energy? What is the equation?

Answer 9

Sum of a system, is sum of all kinetic and potential energies within system
E.E. = Efinal-Einitial

Question 10

What is enthalpy change?

Answer 10

Difference in energy between the reactants and products is the amount of heat energy transferred to surroundings.

Question 11

What is enthalpy?

Answer 11

Heat content of a substance at a constant temperature

Question 12

What is the equation for enthalpy?

Answer 12

H = internal energy + (pressure)(volume)

Question 13

What is Heat Capacity?

Answer 13

Amount of heat it takes to raise something by 1 degrees celsius

Question 14

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 14

Amount of heat it takes to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degrees Celsius

Question 15

What is the calculation for heat gained?

Answer 15

q or h = (Mass)(Specific Heat Capacity)(Change in temperature)

Question 16

What is the equation for the change in temperature?

Answer 16

Change in Temperature = Final Temp - Initial Temp

Question 17

What is a catalyst?

Answer 17

Substance that causes reaction to go faster by reducing activation energy but without being consumed.

Question 18

What is the equation for heat enthalpy change?

Answer 18

Heat enthalpy change = (-mass)(specific heat capacity)(change in temperature)

Question 19

How do you calculate total mass?

Answer 19

Total volume * Density

Question 20

What are the energy laws?

Answer 20

1. Energy is neither created nor destroyed
2. Entropy (disorder) of the universe is always increasing
3. Perfectly crystalline solid at absolute zero has an entropy of zero.

Question 21

What is Gibbs Free Energy and what is equation?

Answer 21

Tells us about spontaneity of a process
Gibbs Free Energy = Change in Enthalpy - (temperature * change in entropy)

Question 22

How to convert Celsius to Kelvin?

Answer 22

Kelvin = Celsius + 273.15

Question 23

Based on Hess’s law, how do you find the change in enthalpy?

Answer 23

Change in enthalpy = Sum of standard heats of products - sum of standard heats of reactions