Thermochemistry 1 Quiz Flashcards
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of all the atoms or molecules of that substance
Kinetic energy
The energy an object has while in motion
Phase change
When matter goes from one state to another
System
A set of substances being studied
Surroundings
Everything that isn’t a part of the system - including surfaces & containers
Endothermic
Absorbing heat
Exothermic
Giving off heat
Heat
Energy transferring
Thermal equilibrium
One common temperature reached by the system & surroundings
The movement of energy in a liquid or gas in which hotter, less dense substances rise and cool less dense substances sink
Convection
Solid to liquid
Melting
Liquid to solid
Freezing
Gas to liquid
Condensation
Liquid to gas
Vaporization
Solid to gas
Sublimation
Gas to solid
Deposition
Radiation
Photons (light) emitted from a source collide with particles from a substance
Convection
Fluid particles (liquid or gas) from one substance collide with particles from another substance
Conduction
Solid particles from one substance vibrate against particles from another substance at a boundary
Heat
When energy is transferred from a higher to lower energy state
Liquid to gas*
Endothermic, breaking bonds
Gas to liquid*
Exothermic, forming bonds
Solid to liquid*
Endothermic, breaking bonds
Liquid to solid*
Exothermic, forming bonds
What particles have the strongest IMFs?
Solid particles (slower moving, colder)
What particles have the weakest IMFs?
Gas particles (fastest moving, hotter)
Specific Heat
The amount of heat needed to raise
Specific Heat
The amount of heat needed to raise 1g of a substance 1 degree Celsius
