Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Thermo Physics > Flashcards

Thermo Physics Flashcards

L1 - 1 - 15, L2 - 16 - 30, L3 - 30 - 41

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Describe Brownian Motion

A

A random movement of microscopic particles suspended in liquids or gases resulting the impact of surrounding molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe Kinetic energy

A

Kinetic energy is the energy an object has because of its motion.
Kinetic energy = movement energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe heat

A

Heat is the flow of energy that is moving from one place to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the temperature of absolute zero?

A

-273.15°C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is absolute zero?

A

Absolute zero is the lowest temperature possible. (When particles have completely stopped moving)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens to particles when a temperature increases?

A

The particles move faster and spread out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens to particles when a temperature decreases?

A

The particles move slower/ stop and move closer together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is it possible for cold to be transferred?

A

No, never

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When does heat transfer end within two objects?

A

The cooler object gets warmer until the two objects have the same temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Heat ALWAYS flows from the _________ object to the _________ object.

A

warmer
cooler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What three ways can heat be transferred in?

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why hot to cold?

A

The hotter particles have higher kinetic energy.
When the hotter particles collide with the colder particles it gives the colder particles more kinetic energy. The more the cold particles start to move, the more they heat up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A person places ice cubes in their drink. Which way will the heat flow?

A

From the liquid to the ice cubes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can happen if solid particles gain enough energy?

A

They might be able to turn into a liquid.
Note: this does not always happen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can happen if gas particles lose enough energy?

A

They might be able to turn into a liquid.
Note: this does not always happen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is thermal expansion?

A

When molecules gain kinetic energy (heat up), the molecules move away from each other, causing the liquid to spread out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define temperature

A

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is thermal contraction?

A

When molecules lose kinetic energy (lose heat / cool down), the molecules come closer together, causing the liquid to shrink.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a thermometer?

A

A thermometer is an instrument that measures temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When a thermometer is placed into a hot liquid, which way will the heat transfer go?

A

From the hot liquid into the thermometer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does thermometer heat up (expansion)?

A

1) The transfer of heat energy causes particles in the liquid of the thermometer to GAIN kinetic energy.
2) The increase in kinetic energy causes the liquid particles in the thermometer to SPREAD OUT.
3) So, the level RISES as the particles take up MORE space

22
Q

When a thermometer is placed into a cold liquid, which way will the heat transfer go?

A

From the thermometer to the liquid

23
Q

Name the freezing point of water

A

0°C

24
Q

Name the boiling point of water

A

100°C

25
Q

Absolute Zero means that there is no ____________

A

kinetic energy

26
Q

How do you convert from Celsius to Kelvin

A

Add 273.15° to the Celsius reading

27
Q

What is the boiling point of water to Kelvin?

A

375.15°K

28
Q

Convert the following from °C to °K
20°C

A

293.15°K

29
Q

What is the freezing point of water to Kelvin?

A

273.15°K

30
Q

How does thermometer cool down (contraction)?

A

1) The transfer of heat energy causes particles in the liquid of the thermometer to lose kinetic energy.
2) The increase in kinetic energy causes the liquid particles in the thermometer to COME CLOSER TOGETHER.
3) So, the level SHRINKS as the particles take up LESS space

31
Q

What is the definition of conduction?

A

Heat transfer due to physical contact between two objects

32
Q

What is the definition of convection?

A

Heat transfer through a fluid such as a liquid or a gas.

33
Q

What is the definition of radiation?

A

Heat transfer by light

34
Q

What state of matter best suits conduction?

A

Solids

35
Q

What is an example of a good conductor of heat?

A

metals like copper

36
Q

CONDUCTION
On a hot, summer day at the beach, you walk across the hot sand barefooted. Explain how conduction works in this example.

A

Heat can be transferred via conduction.
The hot sand particles transfer the energy to the feet which can burn them.
This happens as heat transfers from hot to cold objects.

37
Q

Describe the process of a convection current.

A

Particles near the heat substance gain thermal energy and move quickly causing more collisions. This also decrease the density of the particles, so they rise up.
As they rise, they transfer their thermal energy to other particles (due to collisions) and cool off
This increases their density, so they sink back down.
Once they reach the bottom the cycle repeats.

38
Q

What is a conductor?

A

Materials that allow thermal heat to pass through them easily are call thermal conductors.

39
Q

What is a insulator?

A

Materials that prevent heat from passing through them are called thermal insulators.

40
Q

What are some good thermal conductors?

A

Aluminum, copper, steel, iron

41
Q

What are some good thermal insulators?

A

Wood, plastic, fabric

42
Q

What emits radiation?

A

all objects with a temperature emit radiation.

43
Q

What are three main forms of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the Sun.

A

Infared, visible light and ultraviolet light.

44
Q

Humans can detect what type of light as heat?

A

Infared

45
Q

Give example of a use of ultraviolet light.

A

Tanning / identification of fake money notes

46
Q

Give example of a use of Infared light.

A

meteorology

47
Q

Define Radiative forcing.

A

Radiative forcing is what occurs when the amount of energy that enters the Earth’s atmosphere is different from the amount of energy that leaves it.

48
Q

What is the greenhouse gas effect?

A

Greenhouse gasses absorb Infared Radiation and traps it in the atmosphere to prevent it from escaping into space

49
Q

What are some greenhouse gasses?

A

Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide, Methane, water vapour.

50
Q

What type of breeze occurs when the land is warmer than the sea water?

A

sea breeze

51
Q

What type of breeze occurs when the sea water is warmer than the land?

A

land breeze

Science (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions