Thermo-fluids Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
- 1 dyne = __________
a. kg-m/s²
b. g-cm/s²
c. lb-ft/s²
d. None of the other choices
A
b.
2
Q
- An adiabatic process is characterized by which of the following?
a. The entropy change is zero
b. The heat transfer is zero
c. It is isothermal
d. it is reversible
A
b.
3
Q
- The dimension of “acceleration x mass” is the same as that of
a. Power
b. Work
c. Length
d. Weight
A
d.
4
Q
- In a steady flow system, the mass of the working substance is
a. always conserved
b. always ceased
c. always greater
d. none of the other choices
A
a.
5
Q
- An instrument for measuring specific gravity of fluids:
a. flowmeter
b. clinometer
c. hygrometer
d. hydrometer
A
d.
6
Q
- An instrument for measuring high temperature gases:
a. atmometer
b. odometer
c. altimeter
d. pyrometer
A
d.
7
Q
- In the SI system of measurement, the base unit for mass is:
a. kilogram
b. joule
c. kilogram/m³
d. Newton
A
a.
8
Q
- The ideal, reversible Carnot cycle involves four basic process. What type of processes are they?
a. all isentropic
b. all isothermal
c. two adiabatic and two isentropic
d. two isothermal and two isentropic
A
d.
9
Q
- What is the expression for the heat of vaporization?
hg = enthalpy of the saturated vapor
hf = enthalpy of the saturated liquid
a. hf
b. hg
c. hf-hg
d. hg-hf
A
d.
10
Q
- What is the origin of the energy conservation equation used in flow system?
a. First law of thermodynamics
b. Second law of thermodynamics
c. Newton’s Second law of motion
d. Newton’s First law of motion
A
a.
11
Q
- An adiabatic process with no work done is:
a. isometric
b. isobaric
c. throttling
d. polytropic
A
c.
12
Q
- A process has a pressure range of 0.001-1 atmosphere. A pressure measuring instrument to register the pressure measuring instrument to register the pressure at all times, the instrument needed for the job is:
a. mercury manometer
b. metallic diaphragm
c. water manometer
d. Bordon pressure gauge
A
a.
13
Q
- A fluid whose stress versus strain rate curve is linear and passing through the origin.
a. Pseudo plastic
b. Bingham Plastic
c. Rheopectic
d. Newtonian
A
d.
14
Q
- A method for computing sets of dimensionless parameters from the given variables, even if the form of the equation is still unknown.
a. Similitude
b. Dimensional analysis
c. Rayleigh numbers
d. Buckingham Pi theorem
A
d.
15
Q
- A salesman is claiming a certain efficiency of the engine he is offering. If you were an engineer what statement of the second law would you consult to validate his claim.
a. Kelvin-Planck Statement
b. Clausius statement
c. Both of the other choices
d. Neither of the other choices
A
c.
16
Q
- The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature one lb of water one degree Fahrenheit is:
a. BTU
b. latent heat
c. specific heat
d. relative heat
A
a.
17
Q
- The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature one lb of substance one degree Fahrenheit is:
a. BTU
b. latent heat
c. specific heat
d. relative heat
A
c.
18
Q
- At constant temperature, the absolute pressure of the gas varies inversely as its volume:
a. Charles Law
b. Newton’s Law
c. Boyle’s Law
d. Avogadro’s Law
A
c.
19
Q
- The sum of three types of energy at any point in the system is called:
a. pressure heads
b. enthalpy
c. Bernoulli’s equation
d. internal energy
A
c.
20
Q
- When a thin bore, hollow glass tube is inserted into a container of mercury, the surface of the mercury in the tube:
a. is below container surface due to adhesion
b. is below container surface due to cohesion
c. is the level with the surface of the mercury in the container
d. is above the container surface due to cohesion
A
b.
21
Q
- A leak from faucet comes out in separate drops. Which of the following is the main cause of this phenomenon?
a. surface tension
b. gravity
c. air resistance
d. viscosity of fluid
A
a.
22
Q
- A system wherein matter may flow and crosses its boundaries in and out so with the energy:
a. Open system
b. Extensive property
c. Closed system
d. Intensive property
A
a.
23
Q
- If one end of the manometer is open to the atmosphere, it is called
a. open manometer
b. differential manometer
c. closed manometer
d. all of the other choices
A
a.
24
Q
- Pressures measured with respect to atmosphere pressure are known as
a. atmospheric pressure
b. gage pressure
c. absolute pressure
d. None of the other choices
A
b.
25
25. Is the ratio of absolute viscosity to mass density
a. dynamic viscosity
b. Reference viscosity
c. kinematic viscosity
d. none of the other choices
c.
26
26. Is a special case of diffusion in which molecules of the solvent move from one fluid to another in one direction only.
a. Reversal diffusion
b. Solidification
c. Osmosis
d. None of the other choices
c.
27
27. Is the pressure a fluid exerts on immerse object or container walls
a. gage pressure
b. hydrostatic pressure
c. atmospheric pressure
d. none of the other choices
b.
28
28. Is a dimensionless number interpreted as the ratio of inertia forces to viscous forces in the fluid.
a. Reynolds number
b. Prandtl number
c. Grashof number
d. None of the other choices
a.
29
29. States that one form of energy maybe converted into another.
a. First Law of Thermodynamics
b. Law of Conservation of Energy
c. Gravitational Potential Energy
d. Kinetic Energy
a.
30
30. The equation s = cp ln (T₂/T₁) determine the change in entropy for a reversible ideal-gas process which is:
a. Adiabatic
b. Isothermal
c. Isobaric
d. All of the other choices
c.
31
31. Two bodies, each in thermal equilibrium with a third body, are in thermal equilibrium with each other is a statement referred to:
a. First Law of Thermodynamics
b. Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
c. Second Law of Thermodynamics
d. Law of conservation of mass
b.
32
32. If n = l in a polytropic process for an ideal gas means that the process is:
a. Isobaric
b. Isothermal
c. Isometric
d. Isentropic
b.
33
33. Is the condition of pressure and temperature at which a liquid and its vapor are indistinguishable.
a. critical point
b. triple point
c. saturation point
d. none of the other choices
a.
34
34. Form of energy associated with the kinetic energy of the random motion of large number of molecules.
a. internal energy
b. heat of fusion
c. kinetic energy
d. heat
d.
35
35. Enthalpy of an ideal gas is a function only of ________.
a. entropy
b. internal energy
c. temperature
d. pressure
c.
36
36. An ideal gas is compressed isothermally. What is the enthalpy change?
a. Always negative
b. Always positive
c. Zero
d. Undefined
c.
37
37. Process that has no heat transfer
a. Isothermal
b. Isobaric
c. Polytropic
d. Adiabatic
d.
38
38. An ideal gas is compressed in a cylinder so well insulated that there is essentially no heat transfer. The temperature of the gas
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. remains constant
d. is zero
b.
39
39. The equation Cₚ = Cᵥ + R applies to which of the following?
a. Enthalpy
b. Ideal gas
c. Two phase states
d. All pure substances
b.
40
40. In the flow process, neglecting kinetic and potential energies, the integral represented by "∫ V dP" is
a. Heat transfer
b. Flow energy
c. Enthalpy change
d. Shaft work
d.
41
41. Average pressure on a surface when a changing pressure condition exists
a. Back pressure
b. Partial pressure
c. Pressure drop
d. Mean effective pressure
d.
42
42. In the polytropic process "PVⁿ = constant", if the value of "ⁿ" is indefinitely large, then the process is
a. Isobaric
b. Isometric
c. Isothermal
d. Polytropic
b.
43
43. If the pressure of a gas is constant the volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
a. Boyle’s law
b. Joule’s law
c. Charles’ law
d. Kelvin’s law
c.
44
44. States that it is impossible to devise a cyclically operating device, the sole effect of which is to absorb energy in the form of heat from a single thermal reservoir (heat source) and to deliver an equal amount of work.
a. Clausius statement
b. Kelvin-Planck statement
c. Von Mises-Hencky criterion
d. Clausius-Clapeyron relation
b.
45
45. States that heat transfer from a low temperature reservoir to a high temperature reservoir is impossible without external work
being performed on the system.
a. Clausius statement
b. Kelvin-Planck statement
c. Von Mises-Hencky criterion
d. Clausius-Clapeyron relation
a.
46
46. The 2nd law of thermodynamics disproves the possibility of creating a
a. Perpetual motion machine of the first kind
b. Perpetual motion machine of the second kind
c. Dual cycle heat engine
d. Reheat-Regenerative Rankine cycle
b.
47
47. A process which gives the same states/conditions after the system undergoes a series of processes:
a. Reversible process
b. Irreversible process
c. Cyclic process
d. Quasi-static process
d.
48
48. What are the units of Reynolds number in pipe flow?
a. m/s
b. ft²/sec
c. lbₘ/ft-sec²
d. None of the above
d.
49
49. For pipe flow in the laminar flow region, how is the friction factor related to the Reynolds number?
a. f = 64 / Re²
b. f = 1 / Re
c. f = 64 / Re
d. f = Re²
c.
50
50. In fluid flow, if the fluid streamlines travel parallel to each other and the paths of individual particles do not cross, the flow is said to be
a. Laminar
b. Turbulent
c. Critical
d. Dynamic
a.
51
51. The locus of elevations to which water will rise in a piezometer tube is termed:
a. Stagnation pressure
b. Energy gradient
c. Hydraulic gradient
d. Friction head
c.
52
52. The constant pressure gas turbine works on the principle of
a. Carnot cycle
b. Dual cycle
c. Rankine cycle
d. Brayton cycle
d.
53
53. Brayton cycle has
a. two isentropic and two constant volume processes
b. two isentropic and two constant pressure
c. one constant pressure, one constant volume and two adiabatic processes
d. two isothermal, one constant volume and one constant pressure processes
b.
54
54. The _______ condition is responsible for the
development of the velocity profile.
a. no-slip
b. boundary
c. convection
d. viscosity
a.
55
55. What is true about the polytropic exponent, n, for a perfect gas undergoing an isobaric process?
a. n > 0
b. n = 0
c. n < 0
d. n —> infinity
b.
56
56. Which of the following is the most efficient
thermodynamic cycle?
a. Brayton
b. Otto
c. Carnot
d. Diesel
c.
57
57. Which of the following cycles consists of two isothermal and two constant volume processes?
a. Diesel
b. Ericsson
c. Stirling
d. Otto
c.
58
58. A balloon is filled with cold air and placed in a warm room. The balloon is NOT in thermal equilibrium with the air in the room until:
a. It sinks to the floor
b. It stops expanding
c. It starts to contract
d. It rises to the ceiling
b.
59
59. Heat is:
a. Energy content of an object
b. A property objects have by virtue of their temperatures
c. A temperature difference
d. Energy transferred by virtue of a temperature difference
d.
60
60. Which one of the following expressions can be converted to the unit of a Joule?
a. Pa * m2
b. Pa /m2
c. Pa * m3
d. N /kg
c.
61
61. Which of the following is a statement of Archimedes' principle?
a. If a gas is maintained at a constant pressure, then its volume will be proportional to its absolute temperature.
b. Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the container.
c. A body immersed in a fluid is buoyed up with a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.
d. None of the above
c.
62
62. What is the weight of a 5 lb mass object?
a. 49.05 lbf
b. 161 lbf
c. 5 lbf
d. 32.2 lbf
c.
63
63. What is the conversion factor for Reamur to deg Celsius?
a. 3/5
b. 4/5
c. 5/3
d. 3
b.
64
64. The following are equivalent to atmospheric pressure except
a. 1.032 kg/cm2
b. 760 torr
c. 1.013 x 10^6 dyne/cm2
d. None of the above
d.
65
65. What is the latent heat of vaporization of boiling water?
a. 540 Cal/gm
b. 955 BTU/lb
c. 2557 kJ/kg
d. 144 BTU/lb
a.
66
66. It is the heat energy transferred to a substance at isobaric process
a. Entropy
b. Enthalpy
c. Heat flux
d. Internal Energy
b.
67
67. According to this statement, it is impossible to construct a heat pump that operates without an input work.
a. Planck
b. Kelvin
c. Avogadro
d. Clausius
d.
68
68. A process in which a system departs from
equilibrium state only infinitesimally at every
instant.
a. Reversible
b. Cyclic
c. Quasi-static
d. None of the above
c.
69
69. At isothermal process, the heat is equal to
a. Work non-flow
b. zero
c. Change in internal energy
d. Change in enthalpy
a.
70
70. If the saturation pressure at a given temperature is lower than the corresponding pressure of the substance, it is
a. saturated vapor
b. saturated liquid
c. subcooled liquid
d. superheated vapor
c.
71
71. If the substance has a higher temperature than the saturation temperature at a given pressure, the substance is
a. superheated vapor
b. saturated liquid
c. saturated vapor
d. subcooled liquid
a.
72
72. Concerned with the relations between velocities and accelerations and the forces exerted of fluids in motion.
a. Hydrokinematics
b. Hydrodynamics
c. Fluid Kinematics
d. Fluid Kinetics
b.
73
73. The attractive force between molecules of the same substance
a. Surface Tension
b. Adhesion
c. Capillarity
d. Cohesion
d.
74
74. A fluid that is incompressible means
a. density is constant
b. density varies
c. it is not affected by pressure change
d. it is affected by pressure change
a.
75
75. It is the resistance caused by friction in the
opposite direction to that of the motion of a moving body in a fluid
a. Viscosity
b. Drag force
c. head loss
d. None of the above
b.
76
76. Which of the following is NOT a type of
water-cooled condenser.
a. finned tube
b. shell and tube
c. shell and coil
d. None of the choices
a.
77
77. Which of the following is NOT a valid type of expansion devices
a. Capillary tube
b. Float Valve
c. Constant Volume expansion valve
d. All of the other choices
c.
78
78. A valve designed to allow a fluid in one
direction:
a. Gate valve
b. Check valve
c. Float valve
d. Globe valve
b.
79
79. The process of supplying or removing air by natural or mechanical means to or from any
space:
a. Refrigeration
b. Ventilation
c. Air conditioning
d. Drying
b.
80
80. Transfer of heat from one fluid to another
through dividing wall:
a. Conduction
b. Convection
c. Heat transfer
d. Radiation
a.
81
81. A compressor used for large refrigeration
system it is not positive displacement but it is
similar to a blower:
a. Cylinder compressor
b. Semi-hermetic compressor
c. Centrifugal compressor
d. Hermetic compressor
c.
82
82. Phenomena in which liquid flashes into vapor in the suction section of the pump and then collapse at high pressure section is:
a. Vibration
b. Erosion
c. Cavitation
d. Priming
c.
83
83. The tendency of a pump to cavitate will be
increased if:
a. The impeller has a smooth finish
b. Inlet edges are rounded
c. Suction line velocities are lowered
d. The fluid temperature is raised
d.
84
84. For gas turbines compressors generally used are of:
a. Lobe type
b. Axial flow type
c. Centrifugal type
d. Sliding vane type
b.
85
85. Centrifugal blowers can supply:
a. Large volumes of air at low pressure
b. Large volumes of air at high pressure
c. Small volumes of air at high pressure
d. Small volumes of air at low pressure
a.
86
86. Cavitation is the result of:
a. Static pressure in a fluid becoming less than
fluid vapor pressure
b. Rivets under impact load
c. Exposure of concrete to saltwater
d. Heat treatment of a low-carbon steel
a.
87
87. A centrifugal pump in which the pressure is
developed by the propelling or lifting action of
the vanes of the impeller on the liquid.
a. Axial Flow
b. Cyclone
c. Mixed Flow
d. none of the above
a.
88
88. For a single component system, the number of properties required to define a phase uniquely is:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
b.
89
89. It draws the flue gas from the system and sends them up the stack is :
a. Induced draft fan
b. Cyclone
c. Forced draft fan
d. Wind tunnel
a.
90
90. It exist when the total suction is above atmospheric pressure.
a. Suction Lift
b. Suction head
c. Suction pressure
d. Suction line
b.
91
91. An ideal type of pumps used for pumping water with low discharge, high head, low speed, & self-priming.
a. Reciprocating pump
b. Rotary pump
c. Centrifugal pump
d. Water pump
a.
92
92. A receiver in an air compression system is used to
a. avoid cooling air before using
b. reduce the work needed during compression
c. collect water and grease suspended in the air
d. increase the air discharge pressure
c.
93
93. The size of a direct acting stea driven pump is written in the name plate as 6” x 4”x 6”. The 4” represents,
a. diameter of liquid piston
b. diameter of steam piston
c. length of stroke
d. number of cylinders
a.
94
94. It is the rotating member of the fan that provides power to gaseous fluid to increase its energy content that enables the movement.
a. housing
b. guide
c. impeller
d. all of the other choices
c.
95
95. In a two-phase system, 30 percent moisture means
a. 70% liquid & 30% vapor
b. 30% liquid & 100% vapor
c. 30% liquid & 70% vapor
d. 30% vapor & 100% liquid
c.
96
96. It is placed between the front and rear compressors to reduce the temperature of the working substance.
a. regenerator
b. reheater
c. aerator
d. intercooler
d.
97
97. The ratio of density of vapor to the density of dry air is called
a. moisture content
b. relative humidity
c. degree of saturation
d. none of these
a.
98
98. A system operating in a cycle and producing a net quantity of work from a supply of heat is known as
a. refrigerator
b. heat reservoir
c. heat pump
d. heat engine
d.
99
99. It will either cool or maintain a body at a
temperature below that of its surrounding is known as the
a. heat engine
b. heat sink
c. heat pump
d. refrigerating machine
d.
100
100. One foot of water is equivalent to how many feet of air
a. 733
b. 833
c. 633
d. 211
b.
101
101. The direction of heat flow is
a. from a cold to warm surface
b. from a warm to warm surface
c. from a warm to cold surface
d. always to the north
c.
102
102. Dew point temperature is the temperature where the water starts
a. to condense
b. to boil
c. to condense and boil
d. to condense and boil at a given pressure
d.
103
103. It is a heat exchanger which utilizes the heat of the flue gases to preheat the air needed for combustion.
a. economizer
b. preheater
c. feedwater heater
d. superheater
b.
104
104. Turbines that are acted on by water, which changes pressure as it moves through the turbine and gives up its energy.
a. axial turbines
b. impulse turbines
c. reaction turbine
d. momentum turbines
c.
105
105. It is an inward flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts.
a. pelton
b. kaplan turbine
c. francis turbine
d. tyson turbine
c.
106
106. It is the use of a heat engine or a power station to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat
a. hybrid cycle
b. combined cycle
c. cogeneration cycle
d. combined heat and power
c.
107
107. It is the position of a piston in which it is farthest from the crankshaft
a. after top dead center
b. top dead center
c. bottom dead center
d. before bottom dead center
b.
108
108. An instrument that determines the heating value of the fuel:
a. Hydrometer
b. Calorimeter
c. Wattmeter
d. Tachometer
b.
109
109. A boiler in which the products of combustion passes through the tubes which is surrounded by water:
a. Water tube boiler
b. Feed water heater
c. Fire tube boiler
d. Furnace
c.
110
110. Represents the enthalpy and entropy diagram:
a. Mollier chart
b. Steam table
c. Organization chart
d. P-h chart
a.
111
111. An instrument for measuring force or power:
a. Viscosimeter
b. Calorimeter
c. Weighing scale
d. Dynamometer
d.
112
112. Is the energy chargeable per unit of work or the rate of energy chargeable per unit of power:
a. Heat rate
b. Steam heat rate
c. Combined heat rate
d. Mass flow rate
a.
113
113. Barograph is an instrument used to measure the ___ of air:
a. Velocity
b. Mass flow
c. Volume flow
d. Pressure
d.
114
114. Diesel engine fuels are rated by:
a. CFR number
b. Octane number
c. Cetane number
d. Calorific value
c.
115
115. The heat exchanger that raises the temperature of the water leaving the highest pressure feedwater heater to the saturation temperature corresponding to the boiler pressure is :
a. Heater
b. Economizer
c. Atemperator
d. Dearator
b.
116
116. A device that converts electrical to mechanical energy.
a. motor
b. generator
c. inverter
d. amplifier
a.
117
117. A device that converts mechanical to electrical energy.
a. inductor
b. motor
c. generator
d. inverter
c.
118
118. A channel which leads the water from the turbine to the discharge.
a. penstock
b. draft tube
c. tail race
d. spillway
c.
119
119. Water coming from the reservoir is called:
a. head water
b. tail water
c. draft water
d. effluent
a.
120
120. A channel that leads the water from the reservoir to the turbine.
a. draft tube
b. penstock
c. tail race
d. spillway
b.
121
121. A screen which prevents leaves, branches, and other water contaminants from entering the penstock.
a. Trash Rack
b. Sluice Screen
c. Influent Screen
d. Silt Sluice
a.
122
122. The difference between the header water and tail water elevations.
a. effective head
b. friction head
c. gross head
d. net head
c.
123
123. The difference between gross head and friction head
a. effective head
b. friction head
c. pressure head
d. total head
a.
124
124. Power generated from an elevated water supply by the use of hydraulic turbines, neglecting efficiency.
a. Brake Power
b. Water Power
c. Indicated Power
d. Hydraulic Power
b.
125
125. Stores water coming from the upper river or water falls.
a. dam
b. barrage
c. penstock
d. reservoir
d.
