Thermo chemistry

Question 1

Kinetic energy

Answer 1

energy of motion of an object

Question 2

Thermal Energy

Answer 2

Kinetic energy of molecules

Question 3

Potential Energy

Answer 3

Stored energy due to position of composition

Question 4

Units of energy

Answer 4

Joules (work or energy)
Calories (1cal is 4.184 kj)
Nutritional Calorie

Question 5

1 calorie =

Answer 5

1000cal = 1 Kcal

Question 6

Open system

Answer 6

can exchange matter and energy with the surroundings

Question 7

Closed system

Answer 7

Can only exchange energy with the surroundings

Question 8

Isolated system

Answer 8

Neither energy or matter are exchanged with the surroundings

Question 9

Heat (q) is

Answer 9

Energy transferred from hot to cold until equilibrium is reached

Question 10

Work (w)

Answer 10

Move an object or squash gas by applying force

Question 11

Work is defined as

Answer 11

w=force X distance

Question 12

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 12

energy is neither created or destroyed

And energy lost by a system is gained by the surroundings

Question 13

Internal energy is

Answer 13

Sum of the kinetic/potential energy of all the parts of the system USE (U)

Question 14

Determining the change in internal energy by

Answer 14

DELTA (U) = U final- U initial

Question 15

What is a exothermic rxn

Answer 15

Heat is released during the reaction

Question 16

What is a endothermic RXN

Answer 16

Heat is absorbed during the reaction.

Question 17

Define state function

Answer 17

value depends only on the present state of the system and the conditions and does not depend on how that stat was achieved

Question 18

Hess’s law

Answer 18

The enthalpy change of an overall process is the sum of the enthalpy changes of it individual steps

Question 19

Heat capacity

Answer 19

Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a object by 1 Kelvin

Question 20

Specific heat

Answer 20

defined for 1 gram of a substance to be raised by 1 kelvin .

Question 21

Difference between system and surroundings

Answer 21

System is part of the universe that we are studying

The surroundings is everything outside of our system

Question 22

What is part of a state function

Answer 22

Temperature, internal energy, entropy

Question 23

what is the 2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 23

Entropy increases in a spontaneous process

Question 24

What is the 3rd law of thermodynamics

Answer 24

Entropy is zero is a perfect crystal at 0 K

Question 25

What is meant by a spontaneous process in thermodynamics

Answer 25

One that requires no continuing input of energy to proceed

Question 26

The expression for Delta D in term of changes in entropy and enthalpy

Answer 26

DeltaG=DeltaH-TDeltaS

Question 27

What is Lechateliers Principle

Answer 27

If a change is made to a system in equilibrium is will counteract to bring the equilibrium back to equal