Thermo Flashcards
What is the ideal gas law equation?
PV = nRT
True or False: An ideal gas obeys the ideal gas law under all conditions.
False
Fill in the blank: The temperature in the ideal gas law must be expressed in _______.
Kelvin
What does ‘P’ stand for in the ideal gas law?
Pressure
What does ‘V’ represent in the ideal gas law?
Volume
What does ‘n’ represent in the ideal gas law?
Number of moles
What is ‘R’ in the ideal gas law?
Universal gas constant
What does ‘T’ represent in the ideal gas law?
Temperature
What is the value of the universal gas constant R in L·kPa/(K·mol)?
8.314
What is the relationship between pressure and volume in Boyle’s Law?
Inverse relationship
According to Charles’s Law, what is the relationship between volume and temperature?
Direct relationship
True or False: Avogadro’s Law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.
True
What is the formula for Boyle’s Law?
P1V1 = P2V2
What is the formula for Charles’s Law?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
What is the definition of an ideal gas?
A hypothetical gas that perfectly follows the gas laws.
What is the critical temperature of a substance?
The temperature above which it cannot exist as a liquid.
What is the significance of the van der Waals equation?
It corrects the ideal gas law for intermolecular forces and molecular volumes.
What does ‘a’ represent in the van der Waals equation?
Attraction between particles
What does ‘b’ represent in the van der Waals equation?
Volume occupied by gas molecules
How does temperature affect gas pressure according to the kinetic molecular theory?
Higher temperature increases pressure.
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures?
The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of its individual gases.
What is the definition of absolute zero?
The theoretical temperature at which a system has minimum energy.
What is the approximate value of absolute zero in Celsius?
-273.15 °C
What is the process called when gas molecules escape from a liquid?
Evaporation
True or False: Gases have a definite volume.
False
What is the primary factor that influences the behavior of gases?
Temperature, pressure, and volume
What does the term ‘compressibility’ refer to in gases?
The ability of a gas to decrease in volume under pressure.
What is the difference between an ideal gas and a real gas?
Real gases exhibit intermolecular forces and occupy space, unlike ideal gases.
What is the main assumption of the kinetic molecular theory regarding gas particles?
Gas particles are in constant, random motion.
What happens to gas volume when pressure increases at constant temperature?
Volume decreases.
What is the definition of vapor pressure?
The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid at a given temperature.
What is the term for the temperature at which a gas condenses into a liquid?
Condensation point
