thermal properties of matter Flashcards
What is internal energy?
The internal energy of a body is the total kinetic energy due to the motion of the molecules and the potential energy due to the intermolecular forces in the body.
Kinetic energy is directly related to ______.
Kinetic energy is directly related to temperature.
Potential energy is due to…
Potential energy is due to the stretching and compressing of the interatomic or intermolecular bonds as particles vibrate.
What is heat capacity?
The heat capacity of a body is the quantity of energy needed to change the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1 deg C or 1 K.
What is specific heat capacity?
The specific heat capacity of a substance is the quantity of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 deg C or 1 K.
What is latent heat?
Latent heat is the amount of thermal energy required to change a substance from a solid to a liquid (or vice versa) without a change in temperature.
Latent heat of _____ is the amount of thermal energy required to change a substance from solid to a _____ (or vice versa) without a change in temperature
Latent heat of fusion is the amount of thermal energy required to change a substance from solid to a liquid (or vice versa) without a change in temperature.
Latent heat of ______ is the amount of thermal energy required to change a substance from a liquid to ____ (or vice versa) without a change in temperature.
Latent heat of vaporisation is the amount of thermal energy required to change a substance from a liquid to gas (or vice versa) without a change in temperature.
Boiling vs evaporation?
Boiling:
- occurs at a fixed temperature (100degC)
- occurs throughout the liquid
- occurs quickly
- bubbles are formed in the liquid
Evaporation:
- occurs at any temperature
- occurs at the surface of the liquid
- occurs slowly
- no bubbles formed in the liquid
Q = ((specific) heat capacity)
Q = m x c x change in theta
or C x change in theta, where Q = energy (J)
Q = (latent heat of…)
Q = lm / tm
