thermal physics - thermal energy transfer

Question 1

definition of specific heat capacity

Answer 1

Energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C without a change in state

Question 2

definition of internal heat

Answer 2

sum of randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies of the particles in the substance

Question 3

definition of specific latent heat

Answer 3

energy required to change 1kg of a substance from solid to liquid/ liquid to gas without a change in temperature

Question 4

what is the internal energy of an ideal gas? why?

Answer 4

sum of the kinetic energies. the intermolecular forces between particles have been broken. molecules are so far apart that the energy associated with the forces between the molecules is negligible

Question 5

what happens to the internal energy when a substance is heated?

Answer 5

internal energy increases. this can be from the kinetic energy of the particles increasing (temperature and speed of molecules increases) or potential energy can increase (energy goes towards breaking intermolecular bonds causing a change in state)

Question 6

definition of thermal equilibrium

Answer 6

particles in the system have the same average kinetic energy. no net transfer of energy. the 2 substances are at the same temperature

Question 7

what happens when a 2 bodies of different temperature are in contact?

Answer 7

heat energy is transferred from the hotter object to the colder object by collision of particles in each substance, until thermal equilibrium is reached.

Question 8

equation for specific heat capacity.

Answer 8

Q=mcΔT

Question 9

what is the definition for the specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 9

the energy required to turn 1kg of a solid to a liquid without at change in temperature.

Question 10

what is the definition of the specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 10

the energy required to turn 1kg of a liquid to a gas without a change in temperature