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PHYSICS U5 > THERMAL PHYSICS > Flashcards

THERMAL PHYSICS Flashcards

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1
Q

What Do You Convert Temperature In

A

Kelvins (K)

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2
Q

How Do Convert Temperature To Kelvins

A

°C -> K ( +273 )

K -> °C ( -273 )

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3
Q

Unit For Force

A

Newtons (N)

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4
Q

Energy Units

A

Joul ( J )

KiloJouls ( KJ )

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5
Q

Energy Description

A

Energy Transferred When Force Used To Push Object Over Distance (Nm)

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6
Q

Power Units

A

Watts (W)

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7
Q

Power Description

A

Amount Of Energy Transferred Per Second (Js-1)

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8
Q

Pressure Units

A

Pascle (Pa)

KPa (KPa)

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9
Q

Pressure Decription

A

Amount Of Force Applied Over Area Of Surface

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10
Q

Work Is Done When

A

Force Moves Object & ⚡️ Is Transferred To Obj.

Greater Force, & Greater Distance Moved, More Work Is done

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11
Q

Calculating work

A

Work Done = Force X Distance Moved

W = F x D

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12
Q

Rearranging W = F x D

A

F = W \ D

D = W \ F

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13
Q

Power Equasion

A

Power = Work Done / Time

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14
Q

Amount Of Pressure Exerted By Gas Depends On

A

Volume Of Container

Number Of Gas Particles (Moles)

Tempreture of Gas

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15
Q

The First Law Of Thermodynamics Is

A

Energy Cannot Be Made Or Destroyed, Transferred From One Form Into Another

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16
Q

Sum Of All Energy Of Particles In System Called

A

Internal Energy

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17
Q

What Symbol Is Given To Internal Energy

A

U

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18
Q

🔼U =

A

Change In Internal Energy

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19
Q

Q =

A

Energy Transferred To Or From System By Heating

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20
Q

W =

A

Energy Transferred To Or From System By Doing Work

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21
Q

Energy Transferred To Or From System Equation

A

🔼U = Q - W

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22
Q

Process Of Transferring Energy Between Object Classified As

A

Isothermal

Adiabatic

23
Q

Isothermal Process

A

Temp Of System Remains Constant

E.g, Heating Pan Of Boiling Water

24
Q

Adiabatic Process

A

No Heat Transferred To\From System

E.g, Spray Can Example Of Adiabatic Expansion Of Gas

25
Q

Second Law Of Thermodynamics State

A

Heat Energy Never Flows Spontaneously From A Colder Object To Hotter Object

26
Q

Heat Pumps In Refrigeration

A

Compressor
Condenser Coils
Expansion device
Evaporator Coils

27
Q

Condenser Coils Function In Refrigerator

A

Compress Coolant Vapour To Heat It Up

28
Q

Condenser Coils Function In Refrigerator

A

Remove Heat From Coolant & Transfer It To Surrounding Via Conduction & Radiation

Thin Metal Coils Aid Conduction

Condenses The Vapour Into Liquid

29
Q

Expansion Device Function In Refrigerator

A

Liquid Coolant Expand & Some Becomes Vapour, Which Decrease Its Temperature

Expansion Is Adiabatic

30
Q

Evaporate Coils Function In Refrigerator

A

Remove Heat Energy From Fridge By Transferring To Coolant

Energy Transferred Cause Coolant To Evaporate & Become Vapour

31
Q

Compressor Efficiency In Refrigerator

A

Heats Up When Condensing Vapour, Which Wastes Energy & Reduce Efficiency

32
Q

Condenser Coils Efficiency In Refrigerator

A

Cooling & Condensing Vapour Depends On Temp Difference b\w Coolant & Surrounding

Not All Heat Can Be Removed From Coolant

33
Q

Expansion Device Efficiency In Refrigerator

A

Almost 100% Efficiency

34
Q

Evaporator Coils Efficiency In Refrigerator

A

Cooling Inside Fridge Depends On How Fast Heat Can Be Extracted From Fridge

35
Q

Intake Function In Petrol Engines

A

Fuel & Air Mixture Is Taken Into Prison

36
Q

Compression Function In Petrol Engines

A

Piston Compresses The Fuel & Air Mixture Adiabatically

Volume Of Fuel & Air Mixture Decreases & Its Pressure Increases

37
Q

Ignition Function In Petrol Engines

A

Fuel & Air Mixture Is Ignited

Causes Big Increase In Pressure & Temperature With No Change In Volume

38
Q

Expansion Function In Petrol Engines

A

Gas Expands Adiabatically & Does Work On Piston To Push Down

Vol Of Gas Increase & Pressure Decreases

39
Q

Exhaust Function In Petrol Engines

A

Piston Opened, Which Decreases Pressure With No Change In Vol

Gas Then Leaves Piston, Which Decreases The Vol

40
Q

Ideal gas equation

A

PV=nRT

41
Q

What Is P In PV=nRT

A

Pressure (Pa)

42
Q

V in PV=nRT

A

Volume (m^3)

43
Q

n in PV=nRT

A

N° of moles Of Gas

44
Q

T in PV=nRT

A

Temp (k)

45
Q

R in PV=nRT

A

Molar Gas (8.31Jk-1mol-1)

46
Q

P as a subject in PV=nRT

A

P= nRT/V

47
Q

V as a subject in PV=nRT

A

V= nRT/P

48
Q

n as a subject in PV=nRT

A

n= PV/RT

49
Q

T as a subject in PV=nRT

A

T=PV/nR

50
Q

Petrol engine intake

A

Fuel & air mixt taken into piston

51
Q

Compression in petrol engine

A

Pristine compress fuel & air mixt adiabatically

Vol fuel & air ⬇️

Pressure ⬆️

52
Q

Ignition in petrol engines

A

Fuel & air mic ignited

Cause big ⬆️ pressure & temp

No change vol

53
Q

Expansion in petrol engine

A

Gas expands adiabatically, does work in piston to push it down

Vol of gas ⬆️ & pressure ⬇️

54
Q

Exhaust in petrol engines

A

Piston open ⬇️ pressure no change vol

Gas leaves piston ⬇️ vol

PHYSICS U5 (4 decks)

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