thermal physics. Flashcards
boyles law?
pressure x volume = constant.
what are the conditions of boyles law?
constant temperature and mass.
what does the graph look like for boyles law?
p vs V. curved - not constant gradient. highest p at low V (non zero), lowest p at high V.
how does boyles law relate the proportionality of p and V.
p is inversely proportional to V.
charles law?
volume / temperature = constant.
what are the conditions of charles law?
constant mass and pressure.
what does the graph look like for charles law?
V vs T (c). straight - constant gradient. zero volume at -273.15c (0K). therefore, y intercept is non zero.
how does charles law relate V and T?
V is proportional (not directly) to T (c).
pressure law?
pressure / temperature = constant.
condition of pressure law?
constant volume and mass.
how does pressure law relate P and T?
pressure is proportional to temperature (c).
further describe charles law?
charles law states that V / T = constant so volume is proportional to temperature (.c). as temperature increases, kinetic energy of the gas increases so they move quicker and further apart, increasing volume.
why does the line for charles law not go through zero?
temperature is in Celsius whereas the SI unit for temperature is K. at the lowest temperature (0K NOT 0’c) the volume is lowest.
further explain boyles law?
states that p x V = constant. as volume decreases, there is less unit area for the same quantity of particle to occupy so pressure increases as collisions occur more frequently.
how does temperature change the position and shape of the boyles law graph?
why?
temperature must be constant during experiment in boyles law. if temperature is changed before each experiment, it has no effect on shape. however, at a higher temperature, the line moves further from the origin.
particles have more kinetic energy so collide more, so at largest volume there is a higher pressure.
