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Chemistry > Thermal Energy and Heat > Flashcards

Thermal Energy and Heat Flashcards

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1
Q

What is TE?

A

The total kinetic energy in the particles of an object

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2
Q

In the SI system, TE is measured in _________.

A

Joules

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3
Q

Temperature is NOT energy, but it does give the measure of the __________________________________________

A

Average KE of the particles in an object

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4
Q

Anything at a higher temperature will have a __________ TE

A

Higher

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5
Q

Why are temperature and TE different?

A

Temperature is related to the average KE in the particles of an object, while TE is the total KE of all the particles in an object

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6
Q

Glass of water can have the same temperature as a lake, but the lake has more TE, why?

A

Bcuz the lake has more molecules

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7
Q

Which has more TE, a bowl of soup or a pot?

A

A pot of soup

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8
Q

Does heat only have to do with things that are hot?

A

No also with cold stuff

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9
Q

In science, what is heat?

A

The energy transferred from an object at a higher temperature to an object with lower temperature

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10
Q

When 2 objects come in contact, energy will always be transferred from the object with __________ temperature to the object with __________ temperature.

A

Higher -> lower

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11
Q

How many ways are there to measure heat?

A

2

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12
Q

What are the two ways to measure heat?

A

calories, and joules

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13
Q

One calorie is equal to …

A

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1^C

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14
Q

1 calorie = ? joules

A

4.18 joules

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15
Q

One Calorie = ___ calorie(cal)

A

1000

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16
Q

A kilocalorie is written with a ______ “C”

A

Capital

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17
Q

1 Calorie contains enough energy to raise the temperature of _____ of water 1^C

A

1KG

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18
Q

What instrument is used to measure how many calories are in an object is called a ____________

A

Calorimeter

19
Q

A thermometer measures increase in temperature, which is used to calculate how much energy is ___________. This is the amount of __________

A

Released; Calories

20
Q

Adding or removing _____ from a substance will affect its temperature and TE.

A

Heat

21
Q

What happens when 2 objects at different temperatures come into contact?

A

Energy as heat flows from the object at the higher temperature to the object with a lower temperature. When both objects become the same temperature no more energy as heat flows

22
Q

What does the Kinetic theory of matter state?

A

Particles that make matter move around at different speeds.

23
Q

What does the state of a substance depend on?

A

The speed of its particles

24
Q

What can adding energy in the form of heat to an object result in?

A

Change of state

25
Q

What can added energy cause?

A

Bonds between particles to break. This is what allows state to change

26
Q

What are the 3 main ways to transfer energy?

A

Conduction, convection, radiation

27
Q

What is conduction?

A

The transfer of energy as heat from one substance to another through direct contact

28
Q

When can conduction occur?

A

Anytime two objects with different temperatures come into contact

29
Q

If two objects with different temps are in contact, when will conduction stop?

A

When both of the objects have come to the same temperature

30
Q

How does conduction occur in one object?

A

Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the warmer part of the object to the colder part, until the entire object is the same temperature

31
Q

What is a conductor?

A

A material that transfers heat very well.

32
Q

What are examples of good conductors?

A

Metals

33
Q

What is an insulator?

A

A material that is a poor conductor of heat

34
Q

What are examples of good insulators?

A

Wood, plastic, plastic foam.

35
Q

Why is plastic foam a good insulator?

A

Bcuz it contains many small spaces that are filled with air.

36
Q

What is it called when heat is transferred through the movement of liquids and gases?

A

Convection

37
Q

What is convection?

A

The transfer of energy as heat by the movement of a gas or liquid.

38
Q

As temperature increases, the density of the liquid or gas ____________.

A

Decreases

39
Q

When does convection occur?

A

When a cooler, denser, mass of a gas or liquid replaces a warmer, less dense mass of a gas or liquid by pushing it upwards

40
Q

When u boil water in a pot, what does convection cause?

A

The water to move in roughly circular patterns

41
Q

What is radiation?

A

The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

42
Q

What are examples of radiation?

A

Visible light, microwave, and infrared lights

43
Q

What is the most significant source of radiation?

A

The sun

Chemistry (3 decks)

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