Thermal energy and change of state

Question 1

Conduction involves

Answer 1

Vibrating molecules (solids)

Question 2

Convection involves

Answer 2

Moving molecules (liquids)

Question 3

Radiation involves

Answer 3

Waves from the EM spectrum especially IR

Question 4

Conduction is reduced by

Answer 4

Insulators

Question 5

Convection is reduced by

Answer 5

Trapping the liquid or gas in small pockets

Question 6

Radiation is reduced by

Answer 6

Shiny, light coloured surfaces
Low surface temperature

Question 7

Conduction is stopped by

Answer 7

Vacuum + layer of gas

Question 8

Convection is stopped by

Answer 8

Vacuum

Question 9

Radiation is stopped by

Answer 9

Nothing

Question 10

Gas

Answer 10

• Container shape
• Container volume
• Particles move freely and quickly

Question 11

Liquid

Answer 11

• Container shape
• Fixed volume
• Particles have fluid motion within a fixed structure

Question 12

Solid

Answer 12

• Fixed shape
• Fixed volume
• Particles vibrate about fixed positions within a fixed structure

Question 13

Solid to liquid

Answer 13

Melting

Question 14

Liquid to Gas

Answer 14

Boiling or evaporation

Question 15

Gas to liquid

Answer 15

Condensation

Question 16

Liquid to solid

Answer 16

Freezing

Question 17

Solid to gas

Answer 17

Sublimation

Question 18

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 18

the energy required to change the temperature of an object by 1^oc per kilogram of mass

Question 19

ΔQ

Answer 19

mcΔT

Question 20

How to find the specific heat capacity of a block

Answer 20

1. measure the mass of the block using a balance
2. place the thermometer into the smaller hole and put a couple of drops of water in to make sure it is surrounded
3. Place the immersion heater into the other hole
4. Set up the circuit in the diagram
5. Turn on the power supply and start your timer
6. Record the temperature, current and potential difference
7. Repeat every 60s for 10 mins
8. To calculate energy transferred multiply time, current and potential difference