Thermal effects Ch5 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the Brownian motion

A
  • the random movement of particles
  • the movement is determined by the amount of kinetic energy, which is the particle internal energy (temperature)
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2
Q

what is absolute zero

A
  • when there is no energy in particles of matter
  • no physically possible to reach
  • -273C = 0 Kelvin
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3
Q

what is bimetal strip

A

a strip of metal composed of 2 different metal strips

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4
Q

expansion of different states

A

solids expand more that liquids which expand less than gasses
exception to rule: water

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5
Q

what is conduction

A

the transfer of thermal or electrical energy through a material

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6
Q

what is insulation

A

the prevention of thermal or electrical energy from passing through a material

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7
Q

what has a lower density cold air or warm air

A

warm air

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8
Q

what is an emitter

A

a material that gives off thermal energy

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9
Q

what is an absorber

A

a material that absorbs heat more efficiently

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10
Q

what is a reflector

A

a material that doesn’t absorb heat

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11
Q

describe white

A
  • poor absorber
  • poor emitter
  • good reflector
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12
Q

describe black

A
  • good absorber
  • good emitter
  • poor reflector
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13
Q

what is evaporation

A

when some of the particles on the surface of the liquid have enough energy to change to gas state

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14
Q

what is boiling

A

when all the liquid has reached the necessary energy to change to gas state

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15
Q

what are some factors affecting evaporation rates

A

A) humidity: water content in the air high humidity= lower evaporation
B) surface are: higher surface are= faster evaporation
C) temperature: more energy= faster evaporation
D) wind: wind= faster evaporation (lowers local humidity)

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16
Q

what is specific heat capacity

A

the amount of energy required to make a material rise by 1C

17
Q

what is the equation for energy transferred

A

mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change

or

voltage x time x current

or

mass x latent heat (fusion or vapor)

18
Q

what is latent heat of fusion

A

the energy needed to change a material from solid to liquid state

19
Q

what is latent heat of vaporisation

A

the energy needed to change a material from liquid state to gas state