thermal effects Flashcards
what is Brownian
Brownian motion refers to the random movement displayed by small
particles that are suspended in fluids.
what are the 3 states of matter
solid, liquid and gas
describe the 3 states of matter
Particles in solids move (vibrate) in fixed positions. Its
particles are help closely together by strong forces of
attraction called bonds. A solid has fixed shape and fixed
volume.
Liquids are not held in fixed positions, but their particles are
still close to one another. A liquid has no fixed shape and
fixed volume.
Gas particles can move freely. They can diffuse across large
distances. Gases have no fixed shape and no fixed volume.
Because gas particles are spaced far apart, the forces of
attraction between them are weak. Gas particles collide with
each other and with the sides of the container.
what is potential energy
energy due to position
what is kinetic energy
energy do to movement
why dose water get lighter and why dose it expand more when frozen
when water freezes it creates a crystalline structure with large gaps in between then decreasing density
what is temperature and heat
temperature is the measurement of kinetic energy that a object has and heat is a form of energy
how do u convert kelvin to Celsius
subtract by 273 (then add if converting the other way.)
what is the kinetic theory
The Kinetic Theory of Matter
This theory states that:
All matter is made up of particles
All particles are constantly moving
The particles attract each other strongly when they are close together, but the force of attraction weakens if they move further apart
what is concuduction
Conduction is the movement of heat through a substance by the vibration and collision of moving particles.
why are metals good conductors
because they have a sea of loose electrons which transfer energy
what in convection
Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas) between areas of different temperatures.
Warm air or water is less dense than cold air or water, and so convection currents can form in the presence of a temperature gradient.
what is thermal radiation
Thermal radiation is a form of energy transport consisting of electromagnetic waves traveling at the speed of light from the Sun and space.
what energy transfers through a vacuum
radiation
