Therapuetic effects of massage tecniques

Question 1

What kind of effect are caused by physically moving the tissues by compression, tension (stretch), shearing, bending, or twisting? & give examples of the outcome?

Answer 1

Mechanical effect (local or general)
examples of the outcome:
- Increased lymphatic return
- Mobilized bronchial secretions

Question 2

What therapeutic effects a functional change is mediated by the nervous system? & examples of the outcome?

Answer 2

Reflex (local or general)
examples of outcome:
- Sedation or stimulation/arousal
- Facilitation of skeletal muscle contraction

Question 3

The majority of the therapeutic effects of massage techniques fall into six categories; what are those categories?

Answer 3

1. mechanical
2. reflex
3. physiologic
4. psychological
5. psychoneuroimmunological
6. energetic.

Question 4

What are the FOUR (4) PRINCIPLES OF MASSAGE?

Answer 4

1. General -Specific - General
2. Superficial - Deep - Superficial
3. Proximal - Distal - Proximal
4. Periphery - Centre - Periphery

Question 5

what directions should be used in massage ?

Answer 5

The direction of pressure is centripetal (towards the heart).

Question 6

What is the General - Specific - General refers to ?

Answer 6

This principle refers to:

• The area of the body being treated.
• The massage of a body part begins with techniques which cover the entire area (general),
• then moving into a specific area, muscle group or area of complaint (specific),
• and then ending with techniques which again cover the whole area (general).

Question 7

How the therapiest hands being used in the principle of general- specific- general?

Answer 7

• Effleurage, for example, is performed with full palmar contact. As work progresses into specific areas, the hand surfaces used for tissue engagement also become smaller.
• Fingertips and thumbs provide specific work. After completing the
  specific work,
• the therapist returns to broader contact on the larger, general part or
  part of a part, “ to vascular flush and finish treatment of the area”.

Question 8

What is the general specific general techniques that is used ?

Answer 8

The techniques being used (relative to each other).
General techniques: effleurage, muscle squeezing, palmar kneading, stroking
Specific techniques: fingertip kneading, thumb kneading

Question 9

What is the Superficial-Deep-Superficial refers to ?

Answer 9

This principle refers to the amount of pressure used, and therefore the level of tissue that is being engaged.

Question 10

How is the Superficial-Deep-Superficial apply?

Answer 10

• Begin with light pressure (to work superficially)
• then progress to deeper pressure to work more deeply into the soft tissue).
• and Finish with light pressure (superficial) to prevent “kick back” pain, and to vascular flush.

Question 11

3. What does the Proximal-Distal-Proximal refers to ?

Answer 11

• This principle refers to the relative location of the work being
  done.
• Proximal: next to or nearest the point of attachment or origin, a
  central point; located toward the center of the body, the trunk. In
  reference to the circulatory system, the heart is the most proximal
  point.
• Distal: situated away from the point of attachment or origin or a
  central point of the body.

Question 12

how does the Proximal-Distal-Proximal technique can be applied?

Answer 12

• Massage techniques are started proximally,
  then progress distally, and then return to proximal.
• Work can be done from proximal joint to distal joint or
  by muscle group from proximal attachment to distal attachment.

General techniques that are inclusive of the proximal area can be interspersed throughout and used as transition strokes.

Question 13

What is the Periphery-Centre-Periphery refers to and how does it apply ?

Answer 13

This principle refers to the method of approach to a problem site, e.g. pain, spasm, adhesion, etc.

The application:
- First, the area surrounding the area of complaint (periphery) is
treated in order to increase circulation and to relax surrounding
muscles (which decreases pain, and allows for better drainage).

• Work then gradually proceeds to the problem site (centre).
• This allows for more effective work because the tissue is better
  prepared, and the client has less apprehension and pain.

Example; In the treatment of swelling, work is done peripherally to the site gradually working toward the centre to increase drainage of the fluid from the area. Only the area proximal to the site is treated.

Question 14

Define Contradictions & Modifications in massage ?

Answer 14

Contradictions means:

• inadvisable
• not safe
• Adverse effect
• not beneficial
• inappropriate

Modifications is a change to the initial treatment plan when massage is appropriate for the client, to allow for safe, effective treatment. Example;
- Avoiding a bruise or injury area
- Modifying the pressure
- High Blood pressure patients should not be on a prone
position when having a massage treatment
- Low Blood pressure patients should not have a long massage
treatment.

Question 15

Static Contact is a superficial reflex technique where the nervous system is affected define it and describe it?

Answer 15

• Static contact is motionless contact of the therapist’s hands
  with the client’s body with minimal pressure.
• Full palmar contact is used and maintained,
• with the relaxed hands conforming evenly to the shape of the parts
  being worked on.
• Only the surface of the skin is engaged, and there is no manipulation
  of tissue involved.
• Hands work symmetrically and simultaneously
• Make and break contact gently and mindfully
• Contact is maintained for a minimum of 10 seconds per location

Question 16

what does Static Contact means?

Answer 16

• Intro/closing treatment
• Light Pressure
• 10 seconds
• Over the Sheet
• no manipulating tissues
• effect ( introduction & sedation)

Question 17

Stroking is a superficial reflex technique , define it & list types of stroking ?

Answer 17

• manipulation is performed with light pressure on skin/sheets
• applied with the palmar or the dorsal surface of the hands.
• used either singly or reinforced ,hand over hand , or alternately.
• Evenness rhythm is essential
• can be soothing or stimulating (types), depending on the
  Soothing if it is (long & slow)(light pressure with slow speed ) used at
  the beginning & at the end of the treatment
  Stimulating if it is (short & fast), multidirectional manner at a rapid
  rate
• affect the nervous system.
  -contradiction (ticklish or act neurological pain)

Question 18

Effleurage is one of the superficial Fluid Technique, define and describe it in detail sand how does it affect the body system ?

Answer 18

Effleurage is a gliding technique with light pressure that engages the tissues superficial to the muscles in the direction of venous and lymphatic flow to increase the return of those fluids.

• more pressure when going up
• slow pressure when going down
• intro, light, deep, transition
• effect manipulation to tissue (neuromuscular)
• direction is towards the heart
• Body systems most affected(circulatory, nervous, muscular, lymphatic)

Question 19

Petrissage is a neuromuscular technique, define the technique and give more details to it ?

Answer 19

• It is consists of a variety of manipulations in which the soft
  tissues are rhythmically compressed and/or lifted, distorted,
  and then released.
• The palmar surface of the hand, webspace, fingers and/ or thumb is
  used. One hand may be used, or two hands may be used either
  simultaneously or alternately.
• pressure being applied centripetally (toward the heart) to
  maximize venous and lymphatic return.
• The palmar surface of the hand, webspace, fingers and/ or thumb is
  used. One hand may be used, or two hands may be used
  either simultaneously or alternately.

Question 20

Please mention the 6 effects of therapeutic massage techniques ?

Answer 20

1. Mechanical (local or general) -Direct
2. Reflex (local or general) - Indirect
3. Physiologic (local or general) - Direct
4. Psychological
5. Energetic
6. Psychoneuroimmunological

Question 21

Effects are cause by physically moving the tissues by compression, tension(stretch), shearing, bending, or twisting, name the effect & give an example of the outcome ?

Answer 21

It is a mechanical (Direct Effect )

e. g - increased lymphatic return
      - mobilized bronchial secretion

Question 22

Function change is mediated by the nervous system, name the therapeutic effect & give an example of the the outcome?

Answer 22

The Reflex effect (indirect)
- where is a communicating between the nervous system to the muscular system. e.g dormant muscle / not active muscle (to allow it to wakeup).
Example; - sedation or stimulation/arousal
- facilitation of skeletal muscle contraction

Question 23

A therapeutic effect that involves changes in biochemical body processes ? & give an example ?

Answer 23

The physiologic effect ( Fascia is a gel liquid like property that
will help change it physiologically)
usually starts with the mechanical direct effect then will change to
physiological effect
e.g; - improved the connective tissue
- reduced muscle spasm

Question 24

Effect occurs in the mind, emotions, or behavior ? give an example ?

Answer 24

Psychological effect

e. g - improved social interaction
- improved physical image

Question 25

Direct effects on the patient’s bio magnetic field & possible secondary effects on client’s body structures & function? give an example ?

Answer 25

• Energetic Effect
  e. g - improved bio magnetic field pattern
  - improved energy flow

Question 26

Altered feeling state is accompanied by changes in hormone levels or immune function , it represent complex multi system phenomena ?give example ?

Answer 26

Psychoneuroimmunological effect
e.g - decreased anxiety & cortisol
- Improved T-cell function white blood cells, play role in cell-
mediated immunity .

Question 27

list the 4 principles of massage?

Answer 27

1. Superficial (S) —- Deep (D) —- Superficial (S)
2. Proximal (P) —- Distal (D) —- Proximal (P)
3. Peripheral (P) —- Centre (C) —- Peripheral (P)
4. General (G) —- Specific (S) —- General (G)

Question 28

Connecting the techniques of massage is a skill of a practice when in doubt of connecting the techniques how will you proceed?

Answer 28

Effleurage is considered one of the good techniques that will easy connect with other techniques

Question 29

When the blood circulation showing on the back of a patient while massaging ? what is it called & how to proceed & what not to do ?

Answer 29

It is called toxic waste
- to proceed is to effleurage the area in order to get rid off the
toxins.
- avoid leaving or finishing the massage without doing effleurage
movement on the red area in order to move away the toxins

Question 30

Using on the principle of massage (Proximal—- Distal —- Proximal), give an example of how the technique can be used ?

Answer 30

for example; the leg

• will start effleurage the whole leg
• then do the thigh which is closer (proximal) to the heart
• then the lower leg the distal form the thigh/heat
• then proximal (thigh)
• then effleurage

Question 31

Static contact ,effleurage, stroking techniques; what would be the massage principle of those techniques?

Answer 31

1. General
2. Superficial
3. Peripheral

Question 32

List Specific & Deep Massage techniques ?

Answer 32

• finger kneading
• thumb kneading
• knuckles fists

Question 33

list the massage principles for Scooping , Wringing & palm kneading, Effleurage with Ulna border ?

Answer 33

General - superficial

Question 34

What does the draping of the gluteal draping involves?

Answer 34

know the landmarks of the following ;

• Greater Trochanter
• Iliac crest
• lateral border of the sacrum

Question 35

What are the sensitive areas of the body where the patient needs a consent for those areas?

Answer 35

• gluteal area
• breast tissue
• adductor (internal off the thigh)