Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y4 CCTs > Therapeutics and polypharmacy (2) > Flashcards

Therapeutics and polypharmacy (2) Flashcards

1
Q

Main domains 7 step method medication review (7)

A
  1. Aims → what matter’s to patient

Needs:

  1. Identify essential drug therapy
  2. Does the patient take unnecessary drug therapy?
  3. Effectiveness → are therapeutic objectives being achieved?
  4. Safety → does the pt have SEs? Does the pt know what to do if they are ill?
  5. Cost-effectiveness → is the drug cost-effective?
  6. Patient centeredness → is pt willing and able to take drug therapy as intended?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What to ask in AIMS in 7 - steps medication review?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What to ask in NEEDs in 7 - steps medication review?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What to ask in Effectiveness in 7 - steps medication review?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What to ask in Safety in 7 - steps medication review?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What to ask in Cost-Effectiveness in 7 - steps medication review?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What to ask in Patient-centerdeness in 7 - steps medication review?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

16 year old girl presents following an intentional drug overdose 2 days ago.

She is jaundiced, lethargic, vomiting

  • What drug did she overdose on?
  • What’s the treatment?
A

Paracetamol OD

Treatment: N-acetylcysteine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A 40 year old woman with a background history of anxiety and insomnia presents with confusion; drowsiness and respiratory rate of 8

  • What drug did she OD on?
  • Treatment
A

Benzodiazepines OD

Treatment: Flumazenil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A 23 year old male IVDU presents to A+E with pin point pupils, respiratory rate of 5 and seizures.

  • What drugs did he overdose on?
  • Treatment?
A

Opioids OD

Treatment: Naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A 26 year old female presents with nausea and vomiting; disorientation, with a respiratory rate of 30

  • What drug did she OD on?
  • Treatment
A

Salicylates OD

Treatment: urine alkalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A 35 year old man presents with a pulse of 120, a respiratory rate of 30, BP 180/100, and altered mental status.

  • What did he OD on?
  • Treatment?
A

Methanol OD

Treatment: Ethanol

17
Q

A 76 year old man presents with a 2 week history of fluctuating conscious level following a fall

  • Drug OD on?
  • Treatment
A

Warfarin OD

Treatment: vitamin K

18
Q

A 52-year-old lady with a long history of depression present with confusion; dilated pupils; dry mouth; palpitations and urinary incontinence. Pulse 100 bpm

  • Drug OD on?
  • Management
A

OD on TCAs

Management:

  • Benzodiazepines
  • Sodium bicarbonate
  • Dopamine/norepinephrine
19
Q

A 56 year old lady with type 2 diabetes presents with decreased appetite; dizziness; lethargy and weakness

  • Drug OD on
  • Management
A

Sulfanyrueas OD

Management:

Dextrose bolus or infusion Glucagon

20
Q

Why ACE inhibitors are considered as teratogenic drugs?

A
  • Renal dysfunction
  • renal tubular dysgenesis
  • decreased skull ossification
21
Q

What and why antiepileptics are considered as teratogenic?

A
  • Phenytoin → foetal hydantoin syndrome (craniofacial abnormalities, IUGR, learning disability)
  • Carbamazepine (neural tube defects)
  • Sodium valproate (neural tube defects)
22
Q

Why Cytotoxic drugs are teratogenic?

A
  • multiple defects
  • miscarriage
23
Q

Why Diethylstilboestrol is teratogenic?

A
  • Clear cell carcinoma of vagina
  • cervix after in-utero exposure

Diethylstilboestrol is a synthetic oestrogen

24
Q

Why aminoglycosides are teratogenic?

A

deafness

25
Q

Why androgens (danazol) are teratogenic?

A

Musculinisation of female foetus

26
Q

Why retinoids are teratogenic?

A

Abnormalities:

  • Craniofacial
  • cardiac
  • CNS
27
Q

Why warfarin is teratogenic?

A

Foetal warfarin syndrome:

  • congenital heart defects
  • IUGR
  • facial defects
  • pectus carinatum
  • agenesis of corpus callosum
28
Q

Why lithium is teratogenic?

A

CVS defects

29
Q

Why thalidomide is teratogenic?

A
  • Limb-shortening defects
  • renal malformations
  • congenital heart disease
30
Q
A
31
Q

What’s Trazadone used for?

SEs

A

Trazadone

  • anti-depressant (mostly used in patient with dementia in psycho-geriatrics)

Class: serotonin receptor antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs)

SEs: confusion, sedation (therefore it’s better to prescribe it in as low dose as possible)

32
Q

What’s wrong in amlodipine + statin?

A

This may cause myopathy

  • reduce the dose of one if the other one is at high dose
33
Q

How do we monitor Heart Failure and responsiveness for its treatment?

A

ECHO and ejection fraction measurement

34
Q

Salbutamol in HF

A

Salbutamol can worsen HF as it’s negative inotrope (heart muscle work less strongly)

35
Q

(2) common SEs of Co-Beneldopa

A

Co- Beneldopa → Parkinson’s drug

SEs (common): postural hypotension, stains urine red

36
Q

What are the drugs in a ‘fibrates’ class used for?

A

used as adjuncts to statins (in hyperlipidaemia) if control with only statins fails

Y4 CCTs (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions