Therapeutic Technique Flashcards
making self-available and showing interest and concern.
“I will walk with you”
Offering Self
paying close attention to what the patient is saying by observing both verbal and non-verbal cues.
Maintaining eye contact and making verbal remarks to clarify and encourage further communication.
Active listening
“Tell me more about your son”
Exploring
What do you want to talk about today?
Giving broad openings
Planned absence of verbal remarks to allow patient and nurse to think over what is being discussed and to say more.
Silence
asking for relationship among events.
“When do you begin to experience this ticks? Before or after you entered grade school?”
Placing the event in time or sequence
reviewing the main points of discussions and making appropriate conclusions.
“During this meeting, we discussed about what you will do when you feel the urge to hurt your self again and this include…”
Summarizing
asking to identify recurring thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
“When do you always feel the need to check the locks and doors?”
Identifying themes
asking to describe similarities and differences among feelings, behaviors, and events.
· “Can you tell me what makes you more comfortable, working by yourself or working as a member of a team?”
Encouraging comparisons
verbalizing what is observed in the patient to, for validation and to encourage discussion
“You sound angry”
Stating the observed
rephrasing patient’s words to highlight an underlying message to clarify statements.
Patient: I wont be bothering you anymore soon.
Nurse: Are you thinking of killing yourself?
Verbalizing the implied
asking patient to restate, elaborate, or give examples of ideas or feelings to seek clarification of what is unclear.
“I am not familiar with your work, can you describe it further for me”.
“I don’t think I understand what you are saying”.
Seeking clarification
stating what is real and what is not without arguing with the patient.
“I know you hear these voices but I do not hear them”.
“I am Lhynnelli, your nurse, and this is a hospital and not a beach resort.
Presenting reality or confronting
asking the patients to describe feelings, perceptions and views of their situations.
“What are these voices telling you to do?”
Encouraging descriptions of perceptions
voicing uncertainty about the reality of patient’s statements, perceptions and conclusions.
“I find it hard to believe…”
Voicing doubt
throwing back the patient’s statement in a form of question helps the patient identify feelings.
Patient: I think I should leave now.
Nurse: Do you think you should leave now?
Reflecting
repeating the exact words of patients to remind them of what they said and to let them know they are heard.
Patient: I can’t sleep. I stay awake all night.
Nurse: You can’t sleep at night?
Restating
using neutral expressions to encourage patients to continue talking.
“Go on…”
“You were saying…”
General leads
using open-ended questions to achieve relevance and depth in discussion.
“How did you feel when the doctor told you that you are ready for discharge soon?”
Asking question
recognizing and acknowledging patient’s feelings.
“It’s hard to begin to live alone when you have been married for more than thirty years”.
Empathy
pursuing a topic until its meaning or importance is clear.
“Let us talk more about your best friend in college”
“You were saying…”
Focusing
providing a view of the meaning or importance of something.
Patient: I always take this towel wherever I go.
Nurse: That towel must always be with you.
Interpreting
asking for patients views of the meaning or importance of something.
“What do you think led the court to commit you here?”
“Can you tell me the reasons you don’t want to be discharged?
Encouraging evaluation
offering to help patients solve problems.
“Perhaps you can discuss this with your children so they will know how you feel and what you want”.
Suggesting collaboration
asking patient to decide on the type of change needed.
“What do you think about the things you have to change in your self?”
Encouraging goal setting
probing for step by step actions that will be needed.
“If you decide to leave home when your husband beat you again what will you do next?”
Encouraging formulation of a plan of action
asking patients to make a choice among options.
“Given all these choices, what would you prefer to do.
Encouraging decisions
asking patients to consider the pros and cons of possible options.
“Have you thought of the possible effects of your decision to you and your family?”
Encouraging consideration of options
providing information that will help patients make better choices.
“Nobody deserves to be beaten and there are people who can help and places to go when you do not feel safe at home anymore”.
Giving information
discouraging nonproductive feelings and behaviors, and encouraging productive ones.
“Please stop now. If you don’t, I will ask you to leave the group and go to your room.
Limit setting
acknowledging the difficulty in changing, but pushing for action.
“I understand. You feel rejected when your children sent you here but if you look at this way…”
Supportive confrontation
practicing behaviors for specific situations, both the nurse and patient play particular role.
“I’ll play your mother, tell me exactly what would you say when we meet on Sunday”.
Role playing
asking the patient for a verbal description of what will be said or done in a particular situation.
“Supposing you meet these people again, how would you respond to them when they ask you to join them for a drink?”.
Rehearsing
pointing out specific behaviors and giving impressions of reactions.
“I see you combed your hair today”.
Feedback
giving feedback on positive behaviors.
“Everyone was able to give their options when we talked one by one and each of waited patiently for our turn to speak”.
Reinforcement