Therapeutic Exercise 1 Flashcards
A systematic and planned performance of bodily movements and physical activities intended for patients and clients.
Therapeutic Exercise
An individual without diagnosed dysfunction who undergo PT for wellness
Client
An individual with impairment and functional limitations diagnosed by PT
Patient
Most stable position
Lying
The position that is hard to maintain due to decrease BOS
Standing
The basic technique used for examination and giving instruction to the patient
Range of Motion
The exercise that takes the muscle tendons and the joint through the entire ROM
Mobility exercise
The capability of the muscle to shorten after its elongated into its maximum
Functional Excursion
Movement of a segment through unrestricted ROM by an external force
Passive ROM
Assistance is provided to the prime mover because it cannot attain full ROM
Active-Assistive ROM
Maximum lengthened position of the muscle
Passive Insufficiency
A movement where it can actively contract without assistance of external force
Active ROM
The length of the muscle is shortened where it can no longer apply force
Active Insufficiency
Used to protect the healing tissue when more intensive muscle contraction is contraindicated
Self-Assisted ROM
Four examples of external forces
Gravity, Machine, Another individual, Another part of own body
Type of ROM: Does not increase or maintains strength
AAROM
Type of ROM: Used for acutely inflamed tissue
PROM
Type of ROM: Provide sensory feedback
AROM
Type of ROM: Introduction to exercise
PROM
It can provide enough assistance to the muscle in a controlled manner
AAROM
Type of ROM: Maintains contractile of the muscle
AROM
Type of ROM: Uses tools
Self-assisted ROM
Type of ROM: Enhance synovial fluid movement
PROM
Type of ROM: Increases circulation and prevents thrombus formation
AROM
Type of ROM: For aerobic conditions
AROM
Type of ROM: Decrease joint pain
PROM
Type of ROM: Can be progressively be strengthened to achieve ROM
AAROM
Ability to the muscle to be stretched
Extensibility
Type of stretch: elongated past point of resistance
Static Stretch
Any therapeutic intervention designated to increase extensibility to tissue
Flexibility Exercise
PNF stretch: (+) isometric contraction and relaxation
Hold-Relax
Type of stretch: Quick, jerky movements, usually high velocity and painful
Ballistic
Type of stretch: Tissue is incrementally lengthened to a new range
Static Progressive
PNF stretch: (+) isotonic contraction and relaxation
Contract-Relax
Type of stretch: Short duration stretch with multiple repetitions
Cyclic Stretch
The ability of the muscle to recoil after being stretched
Elasticity
PNF stretch: When the target muscle is stretched, the agonist contracts
Agonist-Contract
PNF stretch: Combinations of two techniques
Hold-Relax, Agonist-Contract
Type of contracture: (+) pathology with adaptive shortening of the muscle
Pseudomyogenic
Type of contracture: (+) adhesion around the joint
Arthrogenic
“Active Stretching”
Agonist-Contract
Type of contracture: (-) pathology with adaptive shortening of the muscle
Myogenic
Type of contracture: (+) fibrotic structure around the joint
Fibrotic
Capacity to do work
Muscle Performance
Any form of active exercises in which a dynamic and static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force
Resistance Exercise
Five contraindications of stretching
Hypermobility, Bony block, Recent fracture, Acute inflammation, Hematoma
Amount of rate of performing work
Muscle Power
Principle of resistance exercise that describes muscle in challenged by putting resistance exceeding to its metabolic capacity
Overload Principle
Components of Muscle Performance
Muscle Strength, Power, and Endurance
The ability of the muscle to contract repeatedly against a load and can resist fatigue over a period of time
Muscle Endurance
Principle of resistance exercise that describes the importance of task-specific practice is emphasized
SAID Principle
The ability of the contractile muscle to produce tension and force based on demands on the muscle
Muscle Strength
Components of Muscle Power
Strength and speed of movement
Principle of resistance exercise that states that a reduction of muscle performance begins a week after cessation of exercise
Reversibility Principle
Increase Resistance, Low Repetitions
Strength training
Decrease Resistance, High Repetitions
Endurance training
Type of resistance exercise: (+) constant speed with the use of machines
Isokinetic Exercise
Three types of muscle contraction
Dynamic contraction, Isometric, Dynamic Eccentric
Type of resistance exercise: (+) same tension
Isotonic Exercise
Isotonic Exercise with increasing intensity on the same repetition
De Lorme
Isotonic Exercise with decreasing intensity on the same repetition
Oxford
Process of being physically fit
Endurance Exercise
Karvonen’s Formula
THR = RHR + 60-80% (MHR - RHR)
Three importance of warm-up
Increases muscle temperature, increase blood supply and decrease muscle injury
Four types of aerobic training
Continuous, Circuit Training, Interval, Circuit Interval
Three importance of cool down
Assist in venous return, prevents venous pooling, avoid OH
It is used to decrease pain treat joint impairments
Joint Mobilization
Joint shapes that have one surface is convex another is concave
Ovoid
Motion where the same point on a surface meets the new point of the opposing surface
Sliding
What do you need to do before you start gliding in PJM?
Distraction
Motion where the new point in one surface meets a new point on the opposing surface
Rolling
Joint shapes that have one surface is convex and concave that matches against the other surface
Sellar
Motion where the rotation of segment around a station axis
Spinning
Graded Oscillation technique: SARO at End-range
Grade 4
Manual therapy technique comprising a skilled of passive movements to the joint that is applied at varying speeds and amplitude
Mobilization
Graded Oscillation technique: LARO at Beginning of the range
Grade 2
Sustained Translatory techniques: “Loosen”
Grade 1
Graded Oscillation technique: LARO at Mid-range
Grade 3
Sustained Translatory techniques: Small amplitude distraction without joint stress
Grade 1
Graded Oscillation technique: SARO at Beginning of the range
Grade 1
Sustained Translatory techniques: Enough distraction to the joint
Grade 2
Sustained Translatory techniques: “Stretch”
Grade 3
Forceful passive movements applied to the joint beyond its active limit of motion
Thrust
Graded Oscillation technique: Small amplitude + high-velocity thrust
Grade 5
Sustained Translatory techniques: Large amplitude to produce stretch at the joint and its structure
Grade 3
Sustained Translatory techniques: “Tighten”
Grade 2
End feel: Tissue stretch
Firm
Glide to increase MCP joint flexion
Anterior
End feel: Tissue approximation
Soft
Glide to increase knee joint extension
Anterior
Glide to increase shoulder flexion and IR
Posterior
End feel: Bincy due to fluid
Capsular
End feel: Painful
Empty
Glide to increase shoulder adduction
Superior
End feel: the probable cause is a meniscal tear
Mushy
End feel: bone to bone
Hard
End feel: painful at the beginning or end range
Spasm
Glide to increase shoulder extension and ER
Anterior
Glide to increase knee joint flexion
Posterior
Glide to increase MCP joint extension
Posterior
