Ther Ex Unit 1 Concepts

Question 1

6 Components of FCN

Answer 1

1. Balance/postural equilibrium
2. m. performance
3. CV/edurance
4. stability
5. Neuromuscular control/coordination
6. mobility/flexibility

Question 2

4 Benefits/Goals of Ther EX

Answer 2

1. Remediate/prev’t impairments
2. Improve/restore/enhance physical FCN
3. Prvt/minimize health related risk factors
4. Optimize overall health status/fitness/sense of well being

Question 3

Therapeutic Exercise

Answer 3

systematic + planned performance of mov’t, posture and PAs to reach benefits and goals of ther ex

Question 4

6 Components of pt/client management model

Answer 4

1. Examination
2. Evaluation
3. Diagnosis
4. Prognosis
5. Intervention
6. Outcome

Question 5

Factors of lvl of stress exposure [making it a composite value]

Answer 5

1. magnitude
2. time
3. location

Question 6

Specificity

Answer 6

TR effects from an ex program are specific to the ex performed and m. involved (FCNL)

Exercises should mimic the anticipated FCN

Question 7

Factors Impacting specificity [5]

Answer 7

1. mov’t pattern
2. speed
3. jt position
4. type of contraction (ECC/CONC)
5. environment

Question 8

Task (Activity) Analysis

Answer 8

what does the mov’t require

Question 9

Function Analysis

Answer 9

ID specific impairments that inform the ex plan

Question 10

Identical Elements Theory

Answer 10

transfer of learning b/t skills + ex routines can occur if the main elements underlying diff skills or situations surrounding performance are ID + similar in nature

As the degree of similarity b/t stim + responses decreases, conflicting consequences may be experienced

Question 11

Cross Training

Answer 11

Carry over of TR effects, occurs on a very lmt’d basis in RT & velocity of TR.

Question 12

SAID Principile

Answer 12

Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands

body systs adapt over time to stresses place on them

Question 13

SAID principle is an extension of what

Answer 13

Wolff’s Law

Question 14

Accomodation

Answer 14

Adaptation response will begin to slow if the exact same stimulus is con’t for a prolonged period

Adaptation is completed w/in a lmt’d time span

Question 15

Ecahustion

Answer 15

con’t stim no longer elicits adaptation in the body

Question 16

Alignment involves _____+_______

Answer 16

stability and mobility

Question 17

Alignment goal

Answer 17

Goal is to develop postural stability throughout the kinetic chain without compromising mobility at any point in the chain

Question 18

Joint Stability definition

Answer 18

ability to resist, maintain or control joint mov’t or position from an EXT F

Achieved by the coordinating actions of surrounding tissues and the neuromuscular sys

Question 19

joint stability is observed from ____ –> _____

Answer 19

proximal —> distal

Question 20

Consequences of lack of alignment

Answer 20

Distribution of forces is NOT OPTIMAL R in:
injury
poor form
loss of cartilage

Question 21

Regional interdependence

Answer 21

loss of fcn/increased pain could be r. of joint above/below having a pathology (out of alignment)

Question 22

mobility definition

Answer 22

allows each joint to move adequately so as to prvt another joint from compensation (regional interdependnce)

Question 23

If there is joint compensation due to inadequate mobility, it can r. in….

Answer 23

• decreased power/ROM

- increased risk of injury/dyfcn

Question 24

CLINICAL APP:

ind presents with excess mobility in stable jt (or vice versa). Possible pathological R?

Answer 24

• compensated mov’ts (lead to abnormal mov’t patterns)
• increased stress on body part
• eventual pain

Question 25

Jt with decreased stability is dpndt on______ ______ to stabilize leading to _____ risk of ______ (CLINICAL APP)

Answer 25

stabilizing m | increased risk of injury

Question 26

Range of Motion (ROM) definition

Answer 26

basic technique used for examination of mov't and for initiating mov't into a purposeful therapeutic intervention

Question 27

ROM can be applied to:

Answer 27

- muscles - joint surface - capsules - ligaments - fascia - vessels - nerves

Question 28

NON-CHANGEABLE Factors impacting ROM

Answer 28

- age - gender - heredity - jt structure

Question 29

CHANGEABLE Factors impacting ROM

Answer 29

- connective tissues - RT/m. bulk - activity lvl

Question 30

ROM can be lost by:

Answer 30

- immobilization - disuse - predominance of 1+ activities - age

Question 31

Joint tightness can be r of:

Answer 31

- Capsule (inert tissues) - ligaments - pain (end feel)

Question 32

Inflam of synovial fluid (CA)

Answer 32

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 33

Inflam of the capsule (CA)

Answer 33

Adhesive capsulitis

Question 34

Consequences of lack of Mov't

Answer 34

- Stiffness of jt capsule (can r. in contractures) - m. shortening - tendon weakening - cartilage softening - bone weakening - weakness (decr. str, atrophy) - learned non-use (motor cortex demapping)

Question 35

Motor cortex demapping

Answer 35

learned disuse

Question 36

AROM definition

Answer 36

what the pt can do voluntarily (contractile and non-contractile tissues)

Question 37

When eval-ing ROM, always have pt do ______ 1st

Answer 37

pt must always do AROM first. know how irritable the tissue is and eval pt's willingness to move

Question 38

AAROM definition

Answer 38

Active Assistive ROM | when assist is provided to accomplish the desired mov't

Question 39

AAROM used with what kind of pt

Answer 39

used with pt that is lmt'd/weak and cannot do full rom independently NOT PASSIVE JT MOBILITY

Question 40

Goals of AROM

Answer 40

- sensory FB from contracting m - stim for bone/JT integrity - circulation/prvt thrombosis formation - coordination&mov't patterns - stim mechanorecepetors

Question 41

Why is AROM NOT for building m. strength

Answer 41

not enough overload (

Question 42

Limits of AROM

Answer 42

- for strong m., AROM does not maintain/increase strength | - does not develop skill/coordination x in mov't patterns used [not enough of a challenge]

Question 43

PROM defintion

Answer 43

mov't produced by EXT F with little/no voluntary m/. contraction by pt At JOINT LEVEL (asses end feel)

Question 44

Difference between PROM and flexibility

Answer 44

PROM: at joint lvl Flexibility: targeted ACROSS the jt

Question 45

What will limit PROM the most

Answer 45

joint. joint may have more ROM that m. will allow

Question 46

Purposes of PROM

Answer 46

decrease complications from immobility [S/P surgery] {not as effective as AROM} Maintain mobility and increase fluid dynamics/nutrition in the jts [in pain free range]

Question 47

[-] effects of immobilitys

Answer 47

- cartilage degeneration - adhesions - contracture formation - sluggish circulation

Question 48

Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) definition

Answer 48

PROM from mech device. moves jt slow and con't for pre set ROM

Question 49

Benefits to CPM (similar to any kind of motion)

Answer 49

- Prvts adhesions/contractures/imobiliization [-] effects - Stim tendon/lig healing - increase healing of incisions - increase synovial fluid lubrication - Quicker return of ROM - decrease post op pain

Question 50

Capsular End Feel

Answer 50

jt capsule lmt

Question 51

Hard end feel

Answer 51

bone to bone | standard end feel for elbow EXT

Question 52

muscular end feel

Answer 52

indicates m. tightness is lmt'ing ROM (soft)

Question 53

Soft tissue approximation end feel

Answer 53

subcutaneous tissue is pushing against each other lmt'ing ROM

Question 54

Springy end feel

Answer 54

bouncing, like compressing a spring indicates a loose body [internal derangement] such as disc material or meniscus

Question 55

Empty end feel

Answer 55

mov't causes considerable pain before ned of ROM is reaching *lacking in organic resistance* pain is limitation