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Therapeutic Exercise > Ther Ex Unit 1 Concepts > Flashcards

Ther Ex Unit 1 Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

6 Components of FCN

A
  1. Balance/postural equilibrium
  2. m. performance
  3. CV/edurance
  4. stability
  5. Neuromuscular control/coordination
  6. mobility/flexibility
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2
Q

4 Benefits/Goals of Ther EX

A
  1. Remediate/prev’t impairments
  2. Improve/restore/enhance physical FCN
  3. Prvt/minimize health related risk factors
  4. Optimize overall health status/fitness/sense of well being
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3
Q

Therapeutic Exercise

A

systematic + planned performance of mov’t, posture and PAs to reach benefits and goals of ther ex

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4
Q

6 Components of pt/client management model

A
  1. Examination
  2. Evaluation
  3. Diagnosis
  4. Prognosis
  5. Intervention
  6. Outcome
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5
Q

Factors of lvl of stress exposure [making it a composite value]

A
  1. magnitude
  2. time
  3. location
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6
Q

Specificity

A

TR effects from an ex program are specific to the ex performed and m. involved (FCNL)

Exercises should mimic the anticipated FCN

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7
Q

Factors Impacting specificity [5]

A
  1. mov’t pattern
  2. speed
  3. jt position
  4. type of contraction (ECC/CONC)
  5. environment
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8
Q

Task (Activity) Analysis

A

what does the mov’t require

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9
Q

Function Analysis

A

ID specific impairments that inform the ex plan

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10
Q

Identical Elements Theory

A

transfer of learning b/t skills + ex routines can occur if the main elements underlying diff skills or situations surrounding performance are ID + similar in nature

As the degree of similarity b/t stim + responses decreases, conflicting consequences may be experienced

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11
Q

Cross Training

A

Carry over of TR effects, occurs on a very lmt’d basis in RT & velocity of TR.

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12
Q

SAID Principile

A

Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands

body systs adapt over time to stresses place on them

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13
Q

SAID principle is an extension of what

A

Wolff’s Law

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14
Q

Accomodation

A

Adaptation response will begin to slow if the exact same stimulus is con’t for a prolonged period

Adaptation is completed w/in a lmt’d time span

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15
Q

Ecahustion

A

con’t stim no longer elicits adaptation in the body

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16
Q

Alignment involves _____+_______

A

stability and mobility

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17
Q

Alignment goal

A

Goal is to develop postural stability throughout the kinetic chain without compromising mobility at any point in the chain

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18
Q

Joint Stability definition

A

ability to resist, maintain or control joint mov’t or position from an EXT F

Achieved by the coordinating actions of surrounding tissues and the neuromuscular sys

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19
Q

joint stability is observed from ____ –> _____

A

proximal —> distal

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20
Q

Consequences of lack of alignment

A

Distribution of forces is NOT OPTIMAL R in:
injury
poor form
loss of cartilage

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21
Q

Regional interdependence

A

loss of fcn/increased pain could be r. of joint above/below having a pathology (out of alignment)

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22
Q

mobility definition

A

allows each joint to move adequately so as to prvt another joint from compensation (regional interdependnce)

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23
Q

If there is joint compensation due to inadequate mobility, it can r. in….

A
  • decreased power/ROM

- increased risk of injury/dyfcn

24
Q

CLINICAL APP:

ind presents with excess mobility in stable jt (or vice versa). Possible pathological R?

A
  • compensated mov’ts (lead to abnormal mov’t patterns)
  • increased stress on body part
  • eventual pain
25
Q

Jt with decreased stability is dpndt on______ ______ to stabilize leading to _____ risk of ______ (CLINICAL APP)

A

stabilizing m

increased risk of injury

26
Q

Range of Motion (ROM) definition

A

basic technique used for examination of mov’t and for initiating mov’t into a purposeful therapeutic intervention

27
Q

ROM can be applied to:

A
  • muscles
  • joint surface
  • capsules
  • ligaments
  • fascia
  • vessels
  • nerves
28
Q

NON-CHANGEABLE Factors impacting ROM

A
  • age
  • gender
  • heredity
  • jt structure
29
Q

CHANGEABLE Factors impacting ROM

A
  • connective tissues
  • RT/m. bulk
  • activity lvl
30
Q

ROM can be lost by:

A
  • immobilization
  • disuse
  • predominance of 1+ activities
  • age
31
Q

Joint tightness can be r of:

A
  • Capsule (inert tissues)
  • ligaments
  • pain (end feel)
32
Q

Inflam of synovial fluid (CA)

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

33
Q

Inflam of the capsule (CA)

A

Adhesive capsulitis

34
Q

Consequences of lack of Mov’t

A
  • Stiffness of jt capsule (can r. in contractures)
  • m. shortening
  • tendon weakening
  • cartilage softening
  • bone weakening
  • weakness (decr. str, atrophy)
  • learned non-use (motor cortex demapping)
35
Q

Motor cortex demapping

A

learned disuse

36
Q

AROM definition

A

what the pt can do voluntarily (contractile and non-contractile tissues)

37
Q

When eval-ing ROM, always have pt do ______ 1st

A

pt must always do AROM first.

know how irritable the tissue is and eval pt’s willingness to move

38
Q

AAROM definition

A

Active Assistive ROM

when assist is provided to accomplish the desired mov’t

39
Q

AAROM used with what kind of pt

A

used with pt that is lmt’d/weak and cannot do full rom independently

NOT PASSIVE JT MOBILITY

40
Q

Goals of AROM

A
  • sensory FB from contracting m
  • stim for bone/JT integrity
  • circulation/prvt thrombosis formation
  • coordination&mov’t patterns
  • stim mechanorecepetors
41
Q

Why is AROM NOT for building m. strength

A

not enough overload (

42
Q

Limits of AROM

A
  • for strong m., AROM does not maintain/increase strength

- does not develop skill/coordination x in mov’t patterns used [not enough of a challenge]

43
Q

PROM defintion

A

mov’t produced by EXT F with little/no voluntary m/. contraction by pt

At JOINT LEVEL (asses end feel)

44
Q

Difference between PROM and flexibility

A

PROM: at joint lvl

Flexibility: targeted ACROSS the jt

45
Q

What will limit PROM the most

A

joint.

joint may have more ROM that m. will allow

46
Q

Purposes of PROM

A

decrease complications from immobility [S/P surgery] {not as effective as AROM}

Maintain mobility and increase fluid dynamics/nutrition in the jts [in pain free range]

47
Q

[-] effects of immobilitys

A
  • cartilage degeneration
  • adhesions
  • contracture formation
  • sluggish circulation
48
Q

Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) definition

A

PROM from mech device. moves jt slow and con’t for pre set ROM

49
Q

Benefits to CPM (similar to any kind of motion)

A
  • Prvts adhesions/contractures/imobiliization [-] effects
  • Stim tendon/lig healing
  • increase healing of incisions
  • increase synovial fluid lubrication
  • Quicker return of ROM
  • decrease post op pain
50
Q

Capsular End Feel

A

jt capsule lmt

51
Q

Hard end feel

A

bone to bone

standard end feel for elbow EXT

52
Q

muscular end feel

A

indicates m. tightness is lmt’ing ROM (soft)

53
Q

Soft tissue approximation end feel

A

subcutaneous tissue is pushing against each other lmt’ing ROM

54
Q

Springy end feel

A

bouncing, like compressing a spring

indicates a loose body [internal derangement] such as disc material or meniscus

55
Q

Empty end feel

A

mov’t causes considerable pain before ned of ROM is reaching

lacking in organic resistance

pain is limitation

Therapeutic Exercise (2 decks)

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