Ther-ex Lecture 1 & 2 Flashcards by A B

________ and self care has to be an extension of what you are doing in the treatment

therapeutic exercise

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T/F therapeutic exercise is designed to improve and restore an individuals function

true

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if a patient is just coming in for maintenance it is best to prescribe ______ measures or body awareness tips

preventative

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an example of some injuries that can occur in individuals with labour intensive jobs include ______ & ______

RSI’s and disc herniation

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T/F therapeutic exercise should be prescribed to decrease function

false, it should enhance function

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_______ is the end goal, this can be in regards to a sport or the patients ADL’s, such as tying up their hair or tying their shoes

function

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“function” includes which of the following

a) mobility&stability
b) neuromuscular control
c)balance & muscle control
d) performance & cardiopulmonary endurance
e) all of the above

e) all of the above

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______ is the process of elongation of contractile OR non contractile tissues

stretching

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non contractile tissues include ________ & _______

ligaments and joint capsules

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_______ stretching is sustained or intermittent external end range stretch force, applied with over pressure

passive

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T/F mm contraction is not at all important for venous return

False; it can be very important

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_______ stretch is any stretching done by the patient after instruction

self

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______ stretching is an active movement that takes the joints and muscles through their ROM

dynamic

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T/F with dynamic stretching one should always go past the end range to get the most value out of the stretch

FALSE! never go past the end range

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dynamic stretching should be _______ what your patient is going to be doing

mimicking

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______ deformation is a spring-like response, the stretched material returns to its original length

elastic

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T/F Elastic deformation is an abnormal response

False, it is a regular response

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_______ deformation is a “putty” like response, the tissues can be deformed as you add force, results impermanent deformation

plastic

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______ is when force is applied for an extended period of time, the tissue elongates and will not return to it’s original length

Creep

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Give an example of creep

valgus presentation at the knee will stress MCL therefore lengthening it causing instability

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______ is a stretch well beyond the normal ROM of a joint and surrounding soft tissue

Overstretch

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T/F Overstretch will lead to injury due to the micro tearing and inflammatory response

True

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Contracture is caused by ______ ______ due to postural dysfunction, weakness, pain or decreased ROM

adaptive shortening

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T/F sometimes contracture is indicated due to it acting as a protective mechanism for the joint and as the therapist you should not destabilize it

True

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_______ inhibition is the inhibition of a muscle by either its own activity or antagonist

Active

______ inhibition is the contraction of the target muscle for example PIR

Autogenic

_______ inhibition is contraction of the opposing muscle

reciprocal

which of the following is an INDICATION for stretching? a) limited ROM b) muscle weakness c) preventing the risk of injury d) all of the above

d) all of the above

which of the following are some CONTRAINDICATIONS for stretching? a) bony block limiting joint motion b) recent fracture c) inflammation d) all of the above

d) all of the above

any form of active exercise in which an outside force resists a dynamic or static muscular contraction is called _______ _______

resistance exercise

a _____ is a single rendition/ occurrence of an exercise

rep

a group of consecutive reps are otherwise known as ____

sets

if one wanted to build _____, decreased load, longer duration, and increased reps would be the best way

endurance

if one wanted to build ______ exercising for a shorter amount of time with higher resistance and increased load would be best

strength

T/F one should build strength before building endurance

false, build endurance before building strength

______ exercise happens without shortening or lengthening the structures and is great for the beginning of rehabilitation

isometric

give an example of an isometric exercise

wall sit

T/F isometric exercises should not be conducted when the patient is experiencing pain and inflammation

false, isometric exercises are indicated for patients experiencing pain and mild inflammation

what is the purpose of isometric exercise?

to reintroduce firing to the joint and surrounding musculature

during resistance training, the resistance can allow for movement or can be something _____

stationary

an example of moving resistance would be a ______ an example of stationary resistance would be a _____

dumbbell, wall

_____ exercise is more dynamic, allows for movement, and always includes a shortening/lengthening

isotonic

an example of an isotonic exercise is a _______

bicep curl

T/F depending on what mimicks the patients ADL's the most, focus more on the shortening or lengthening

true

______ exercise includes only the shortening of the mm against resistance

concentric

_____ exercise includes only the lengthening of the muscle developing tension and contracts to control motion

eccentric

there are __ types of isometric exercise a) 2 b) 3 c)5

b) 3

what are the 3 types of isometric exercise

mm setting, stabilization and multiple angle

T/F muscle setting is the only type of isometric exercise without added resistance

true

uses for muscle setting include which of the following a) decrease muscular pain b) promote relaxation c) extreme strengthening d) a&b e) all of the above

d) a&b

name an example of a stabilization exercise

a plank

______ _____ is when resistance is applied manually or mechanically at multiple joint positions within the available ROM

multiple angle

if a patient is stuck at 110 degrees when it should be 180, how many angles will you need to strengthen the muscle at?

T/F during multiple angle exercise you add resistance at the first angle for 5 seconds and repeat it 5 x (similar to AR testing)

True

name a few items patients could use to recreate multiple angle strengthening at home

wall, belt, yoga strap

T/F multiple angle exercise is to be used when dynamic resistance exercises are painful but there is still ROM at the joint

true

_______ exercise is a form of active resistive exercise in which the speed of the movement of the limb is controlled at a pre-set rate

isokinetic

______ kinematic chain exercise is a movement that occurs with the distal end of the limb moving freely in space

open

which of the following is an open kinematic chain exercise? a) bicep curl b) squat c) pull up

a) bicep curl

______ kinematic chain exercises are movements that occur with the body moving over the fixed distal segment of a limb

closed

which of the following is considered a closed kinematic chain exercise? a) bicep curl b) knee extension c) squat

c) squat

T/F if a patient has cardiovascular issues the valsalva maneuver is indication

false, keep steady breathing in pts with cardiovascular issues

_____ effects functional performance and must be considered in every ther-ex program

fatigue

_____ mm fatigue is a diminished response to a repeated stimulus

local

_____ mm fatigue is a diminished response to prolonged physical activity (jogging)

general

T/F lactic acid builds up and lasts all day

false, lactic acid is removed from the skeletal muscle and blood 1 HR post exercise

overworking/overtraining can cause _____ or _____ deterioration of strength

temporary, permanent

the only cure for overtraining is ____

rest

_____ motions can occur if too much resistance is applied to a contracting muscle during exercise or when a new exercise is progressed too rapidly and good form is lost

substitute

_______ is caused by changes due to aging or hormone changes, resulting in porous bones

osteoporosis

T/F exercise is CI'd in patients with osteoporosis

false, low impact/ low stress exercise is extremely indicated

what are the two types of exercise-induced muscle soreness?

Acute mm soreness/ delayed onset mm soreness (DOMS)

how does acute muscle soreness differ from DOMs?

Acute mm soreness is caused by ischemia (insuf. blood flow) whereas DOMS is caused by vigorous and unaccustomed exercise or any form of muscle exertion

T/F in acute mm soreness, the sensation disappears when blood flow is returned

true

when is pain felt in DOMS?

when the mm is stretched, contracted or under pressure (not at rest)

T/F DOMS is more intense with concentric exercise than eccentric exercises

false, more intense with eccentric exercises

what are some CIs for isoTONIC exercise?

pain, inflammation and severe cardiopulmonary disease

T/F if the patient experiences severe joint or muscle pain during exercise or for more than 24 hours after exercise the activity should be eliminated or substantially reduced.

true

_____ can be used for the examination of movement and for incorporating movement into a therapeutic intervention program

ROM

the normal ROM is the ____

average

_____ ROM is what the patient can do passively

passive

_____ ROM is what the patient is capable of

active

____ ROM is what the pt can do or wants to return to doing in terms of their ADLS

functional

what are some indications for PROM?

acute inflammation, pt is unable to actively move, comatose

what are some of the goals when using PROM?

decrease cartilage degeneration and adhesions, increase circulation decrease pain

T/F PROM is great for increasing strength and preventing atrophy

false

_____ is movement of a segment within the unrestricted ROM that is produced by active muscle contraction

AROM

_____ ______ is an active movement where assistance is provided manually or mechanically because the prime mover muscles need help to complete the motion

active assisted (AAROM)

indications for AROM include

when pt can contract actively

_____ is used to gain control of their ROM and progressively move to AROM

AAROM

name the 5 steps of the progression approach (in order)

AROM, PROM, AAROM, AROM, AR ROM

name the lines on the performance pyramid (low-high)

mobility, stability, controlled mobility/neuromuscular control, skill

some ways to increase mobility includes a) PROM b) jt mobes c) MET d) stretching e) all of the above

e) all of the above

some ways to increase stability includes a) isometrics b) isotonic c) tapotement d) a&c

d) a&c

some ways to increase controlled mobility includes a) isotonics b) AAROM c)AROM d) all of the above

d) all of the above