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3erd year > Theory unit 4 - Inglesa III > Flashcards

Theory unit 4 - Inglesa III Flashcards

1
Q

what’s a fear?

A

a reaction to smth inmediate that threatens your security or safety

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2
Q

what’s a phobia?

A

an irrational and overactive fear of smth that cannot cause harm

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3
Q

how to deal with fear (6)

A
  • face it
  • promote positivity
  • find a sense of purpose
  • do logotherapy
  • get support
  • develop a sense of personal control
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4
Q

what’s a cultural script?

A

it instructs people on how to respond to threats to their security

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5
Q

what are goosebumps?

A

when muscles become tighter, causing piloerection
!this makes animals look bigger

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6
Q

what’s fearmongering?

A

fear that’s socially constructed and manipulated by those who seek to benefit from it

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7
Q

what does the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex do?

A

the hippocampus along with the prefrontal cortex help us understand whether our fear response is real and justified or we may have overreacted

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8
Q

how is phobia created?

A

it’s created when there’s a disconnection between the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex

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9
Q

what’s phobia linked to?

A

it’s linked to heightened activity in the amygdala which regulate our emotions

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10
Q

who are the meaning and experience of fear shaped by?

A

cultural and historical factors
eg:
before: fear of god now: fear of cancer

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11
Q

what is fear likely to increase the risk of?

A

heart disease, cancer, etc

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12
Q

impact of chronic fear (5)

A
  • weakens inmune system
  • affects memory
  • fatigue
  • depression
  • PTSD
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13
Q

what’s the flight or fight response?

A

psychological response that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, a hack or a threat

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14
Q

what happens during the flight or fight response? (4)

A
  • breathing rate increases
  • heart rate increases
  • blood vessels constrict
  • muscles are pomped with blood (ready to react)
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15
Q

what are the vulnerable?

A

??

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16
Q

what’s anger?

A

a secondary emotion

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17
Q

what’s emotional literacy?

A

the ability to identify, understand and respond to emotions in oneself and others in a healthy manner

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18
Q

what can anger act as?

A

anger can act as a psychological salve:
the brain secretes norepinephrine which is an analgesic for the organism

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19
Q

how can anger makes us sick? examples

A

eating disorders, anxiety, weak inmune system, memory damage

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20
Q

what can we regulate with anger?

A

we can regulate vulnerability in relationships by:
- disengaging after closeness
- engaging at a safe distance

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21
Q

emotional literacy is the result of education in: (3)

A
  • how to interpret ourselves
  • where our emotions arise from
  • how our childhood influence us
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22
Q

what are the characteristics of emotional literacy? (6)

A
  • tolerate frustration
  • fight less
  • can handle being alone
  • engage in self-destructive behaviours
  • capable of greater academic achievement
  • better able to focus on tasks and control internal impulses
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23
Q

tips to control your anger (4)

A
  • explore what’s behind it
  • be aware of your signs and triggers
  • learn ways to cool down
  • know when to seek for professional help
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24
Q

what’s the goal of anger management?

A

it’s to understand the message behind the emotion and express it in a healthy way without losing control

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25
what are the primary thoughts associated with chronic anger?
- catastrophizing - missatributing causation: put the blame on other people - demandingness: put own needs ahead of others
26
what's alternative medicine?
it's a natural treatment that's used in place of a conventional medical treatment
27
what's laughter?
a social behavior = we laugh bc other people are too used to show agreement, understanding we laugh more with familiar people there's little scientific research
28
pros of alternative medic: (3)
- targets the root cause - focus on treating all of the patient's physical, emotional, mental and spiritual needs - focus on prevention instead of curing an existing problem
29
cons of alternative medic (4)
- it doesn't heal instantly - possible interference with prescription drugs - scientific research is limited - can be harmful. eg: hava kava is used to treat anxiety but can cause liver damage
30
herbal medicine (3)
- the most prevalent is chinese herbalism, which claims that ying and yang must be in balance for good health - the aim of this treatment is to produce persisting improvements in well-being - 1994 US Congress "dietary supplement health and education act"
31
what are the benefits of laughter? (3)
- reduce stress hormones - workouts the diaphgram - humor perception involves the whole brain
32
homeopathy (4)
- large doses = symptom small doses = cure eg: coffee cruda is a diluted amount of coffee beans - this concepts are inconsistent with fundamental concepts of chemistry and physics - there's no evidence its effective - the term was coined by Samuel H???
33
what's integrative medicine?
refers to taking a team approach to healthcare by bringing different modalities eg: massage, meditation + traditional medicine
34
what's acupuncture?
stimulating the body to balance itself, which does through complex neurochemical pathways that affect the inmune system, nervous and inflammatory process
35
what can acupuncture treat?
anything that causes pain chron's disease, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, joint pain, menopause, infertility, PMS
36
what are dreams?
a series of thoughts, images and sensations ocurring in your mind during sleep
37
the psychology of dreams-approaches (5)
- psychodinamic - humanistic - behavioral - cognitive - neuroscience
38
sleep cycle (4)
- stage 1: brain waves are rapid and of low-amplitude, people see images but don't dream - stage 2: brain waves begin to slow down, dreaming begin - stage 3 and 4: slow brain waves, dreams are more emotional and auditory than visual - REM sleep: dreams are more vivid and more easily remembered
39
what's REM sleep disorder?
when we physically act out our dreams
40
what's a nightmare?
upsetting/frightening dream that tends to prompt a sense of danger that you awake from
41
night terrors (3)
- cause very rapid heart and sweating - worse than nightmares - experienced by children after stress or trauma
42
what are lucid dreams?
it's being aware that you're dreaming and yet still participating in the dream
43
what are fear extinction memories?
when the brain doesn't have the chance to process what you fear in real life because you wake up from nightmares
44
what's daydreaming?
when your mind wanders and your attention shifts to your own mental place
45
types of daydreaming (2)
- positive- constructive: are upbeat and include imaginative thoughts - dysphoric: visions of failure and punishment
46
benefits of daydreaming (4)
- enhances creativity - helps consolidate learning - improves memory - help explore inner experiences
47
what's ruminate daydreaming?
when you rehash and analyze the past and worry about the future
48
what's a bad dream?
unpleasant dream that makes you feel bad for a short period of time but you continue to sleep through
49
what does the prefrontal cortex regulate?
our thoughts, actions and emotions
50
what's the lymbic system?
part of the brain involved in our behavioral and emotional responses
51
what's shyness?
predisposition to feel awkard, worried or tense during social encounters, especially with people we aren't fully acquainted with
52
symptoms of shyness (6)
- blushing - sweating - pounding heart - negative feelings about oneself - worry about the way we're perceived - tendency to withdraw from social interactions
53
how does social media help with shyness?
it can help shy people interact with others
54
how to overcome shyness (5)
- acknowledge it and release yourself from feeling self-conscious - practice social skills - expect a positive response rather than a negative - acknowledge the possibility of an interaction going poorly - approach social experiences in a strong emotional state
55
the cultural and social values that children absorb from their parents.....
influence their social tendencies eg: - japanese culture: a parent may receive credit for a child's success but a children bears responsibility in the case of failure - israeli culture: a child receives praise when they succeed and when they don't too
56
what's stress?
body's hormonal reaction to danger, uncertainty and change
57
why do many people die prematurely?
bc they believed stress could kill them
58
benefits of stress (5)
- it can energize us - motivate us to do better - makes us more resilient - makes us social - oxytocin (stress hormone) which strengthen our heart
59
mindfulness' techniques (4)
- increased self awareness - breathing - muscle relaxation - meditation
60
what's eustress
good stress
61
what's the fight or flight response?
when the body suddenly shifts its energy resources to fight off the perceived threat
62
what happens if you're constantly stressed (3)
- neurons shrivel and stop communicating - brain tissue shrinks the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (which affects memory) - can physically age ourselves
63
what makes someone to be stress resistant (5)
- how much control they have over their life - their social networks - openness to change - attitude (eg: optimism) - self-care skills (eg: exercising or humor)
64
how to manage stress
change your thinking style as we create the stress in our brains - your work isn't stressful is your thinking that makes it
65
how stress affect each system of the brain (4)
- nervous: the hormones adrenaline and cortisol makes the heart beat faster, raise blood pressure, change the digestive process an boost glucose levels in the bloodstream - musculoskeletal: muscles tense up which can trigger tension headaches or migraines - respiratory: cause hyperventilation - cardiovascular: blood vessels dilate increasing the amount of blood pumped to the large muscles and the heart

3erd year (12 decks)

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