Theory Test Flashcards
Name the 4 main histology tissues
Nervous
Epithelia
Connective
Muscle
What is the overall function of nervous tissues?
Sense, connect and drive different tissues
What is the function of the epithelia tissues?
To cover tissues and make glands
What is the function of connective tissues?
To sustain and form the structure of the other 3 types of tissues
What is the function of muscle tissues?
To contact and provide movement to organs and bodies.
What are the 3 kinds of muscle tissues?
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
What is the function of skeletal muscle?
Striated muscles whos movement is voluntary.
Attach to the bones and allow movement.
Make up musculoskeletal system.
What is the function of Smooth muscle?
Located in internal structures like the digestive tract, uterus, and arteries.
Involuntary movement that contracts in waves.
What is the function of Cardiac muscle?
Specialised to the heart.
Heart contraction and relaxation with involuntary movement that is facilitated by electrical impulses.
What are the two main divisions that control the visceral functions of the body?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
During isometric contraction…
The AV valves are closed.
Contraction of the ventricles occurs which generates positive pressure without change in volume.
What neurotransmitter does the Preganglionic nerve endings of the parasympathetic division release?
Acetylcholine
What cells compose the conduction system of the ventricles?
Purkinje cells - fibres
What is the function of the atria during the cardiac cycle?
Prime the ventricles.
Describe the sympathetic division in relation to the heart…
Sympathetic innervation is to diffuse to the atria, nodes, and ventricles
Describe parasympathetic innervation in relation to the heart…
Parasympathetic innervation comes from the vagus and innervates the SA node only
Define tachycardia
Bp at rest above 100bpm
Can be caused by fever, stress, adrenaline, or physical activity
What is the diameter of an average capillary?
5-9microns
What are the two main peripheral receptors that control the blood pressure?
Baroreceptor and chemoreceptors
Blood flow in an active muscle is?
Intermittent
Because contraction compresses capillaries and flow is disrupted until muscle is relaxed again
Main control of long term local blood flow is?
Angiogenesis - or more capillaries
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Describe the epicardium…
Forms the outermost layer of the heart wall
Protects the hearts inner layers
Contains coronary blood vessels
Describe the myocardium…
Contracts to pump blood out of the heart
Relaxes to let heart fill with blood
