Theory Exam Flashcards
what does RACE stand for?
R:rescue
A:alarm
C:confine
E:evacuation
-horizontal: movement to adjacent smoke compartment
-vertical: relocation an entire floor or building evacuation
PASS (use of extinguisher)
P:pull the pin
A: aim the handle
S: squeeze the handle
S: sweep side to side
Safety Device Reminders
a device that serves as a reminder to the patient of safety issues, like a waist device or Posey
STAT
do immediately
when are falls most likely to occur?
4 and 8pm during shift changes
hyperoxia
too much O2
hypoxia
too little O2
supine
flat
semi-Fowler
bed is raised 45 degrees
fowler
bed is raised 45-90 degrees
trandelenberg
feet is higher than head
reverse trandelenberg
head is higher than feet
prone
stomach
sims
on left side, knees up to stomach
-fetal position
lithotomy
on back in stirrups
bacteria
streptococcus
e coli
tuberculosis
virus
HIV
Hep A, B, C
common cold
influenza
fungi
tinea pedis
Candida albicans
antibiotic resistant bacteria
MRSA
VRE
what are 5 conditions for infectious agents to grow?
-food source
-moisture
-O2 or lack of O2
-warmth
-darkness
chain/spread of infection
1.causative agent
2.reservoir/source
3.means of exit
4.method of transmission
5.portal of entry
6.susceptible host
methods of transmission
-airborne
-droplet
-contact
-food/water
-animals
portal of entry
-non intact skin
-mucus membrane
-respiratory tract
-urinary tract
-reproductive tract
4 lines of defense against infection
-normal flora
-intact skin
-mucus membranes
-immune system
what is the temp of water that is safe for bathing?
105 degrees
sterilization
destroys all microorganisms
disinfection
removes most pathogenic organisms
how often do you perform oral care?
-wake up
-after every meal
-before sleep
kg to lb
1 kg=2.2lbs
in to cm
1in=2.5 cm
oz to mL
1oz=30mL
cup to mL to oz
1cup=240mL=8oz
pint to mL
1 pint=500mL
quart to ml to liter
1 quart=1000mL=1 liter
teaspoon to mL
1 teaspoon=5mL
tablespoon to ml
1 tablespoon = 15mL
dysuria
difficulty in urination
polyuria
excessive amount of urination
oliguria
small amount of urine
nocturia
urination at night
hematuria
blood in urine
Erythema
redness of skin
complete bed bath
-face
-axilla (arms, underarms), hands
-legs, feet
-perineal area (genitals, anus)
-back
-other skin folds
partial bed bath
-face
-axilla(arms, underarms), hands
-back
-buttocks
-genital area
what is CNA role with IV?
-don’t touch IV
-observe and report to nurse any abnormalities
I and O
intake:measure how much fluid
output:urine and stool
forced fluids
require increased intake of fluid
restrict fluids
limit intake of fluid
NPO
nothing by mouth
normal pulse range
60-100 bmp (beats per minute)
tachycardia
> 120 bmp
bradycardia
<60 bmp
normal respiration
12-20 rr (respiration rate) or BrPM (breathes per minute)
tachypnea
> 20rr
bradypnea
<12rr
axillary temp
97.6
-armpit
oral temp
98.6
temporal temp
98.6
tympanic temp
98.6
-ear
rectal temp
99.6
normal O2 saturation
95-100%
TPR
temp 1st
pulse 2nd
respiration 3rd
normal blood pressure range
120/80
systolic: 90-140mmHg
diastolic: 60-90mmHg
hypertension
systolic: >140mmHg
diastolic:>90mmHg
hypotension
systolic:<90mmHg
diastolic:<60mmHg
NAS
no added salt/sodium
SF
sugar free
CCHO
controlled carbohydrates
heart attack
myocardial infarction
-blood flow to portion of heart is blocked, resulting in tissue death
cardiac arrest
heart stops beating
heart failure
heart fails to circulate blood properly
objective observation
what patient experienced, how they described it
subjective observation
personal interpretation of events of the CNA, what they observed with the patient
asepsis
free of disease producing microbes
