Theory Definitions Flashcards
Smart Bowl
A bowl that allows you to charge devices without plugging them in by Intel
IOT (Internet Of things)
The ability for objects to communicate via wireless connection
Bulldozer
A processor developed by AMD called the Opteron
Mousetrap
Code that prevents the user from leaving a website by launching endless pop ups
Ransomware
A type of malware that locks your computer by encrypting/hiding files and demands you to pay
Snapdragon
A gaming mobile processor made for tablets and phones by Qualcomm
AJAX
Used to develop websites
Internet Troll
A person that starts an uproar on forums and comment boxes
Ivy/Sandy Bridge
Two processors developed by Intel. The Sandy bridge is a successor to the Ivy bridge
Thunderbolt
A cable developed by Apple that allows you to use one lightning fast port for many things
WACS, SeaComm, Easy
Undersea fibre cables linking Africa to the rest of the world
Plotter
Used for big graphics
E.g. Banners
Computer
Multipurpose electronic tool that receives data, processes data and produces an output
Data
Raw, unprocessed facts
Information
Result of processing data
Communication devices
Allows computers to communicate with each other
Software
Controls the hardware
Server
Powerful computers in a network environment running a network of computers
Data warehousing
How to securely manage, store and retrieve large amounts of data
Data mining
Looking for valuable information in data
QRC
Quick Response Code
Hardware
Physical parts of the computer
Software
Programs(set of instructions)
Computer
A multipurpose electronic tool which receives input, processes data and produces results
Data
Raw, unprocessed facts. In memory while computer uses it.
Information
Result of processing data
General-purpose
Perform more than one function
Program
Set of instructions. Transferred from storage to memory.
System Software
Manage and control operations of computer
Application software
Allow user to perform tasks
Freeware
Software distributed freely. No time limits/trials. No source code
ICT System
Combination of hardware, software, data, processes and people to collect, manipulate, convey, store and retrieve data
IPO Model
Input, Processing, Output model
IT
Information technology. Collecting, processing and storing data.
Open source software (OSS)
Software released with source code. Can be sold
Point of Sales system (POS)
Software used at till. Manages stock and generates reports.
Proprietary software
Software developed by in software house. Users pay for license. Source code not released
Shareware
Software distributed freely. Limited time or capabilities. No source code
Source code
Programming code used to develop application
Daughter board
Board that plugs into motherboard
Biometric Scanners
Read unique characteristics of people
Data projector
Projects monitor display onto screen or wall
DIMM
Dual Inline Memory Modules. RAM slots
Dot matrix printers
Using pins to print images
FireWire
Fast data transfer. Usually for video. Used less and less
Inkjet printer
Sprays drops of ink on paper
Laser printer
Melts toner onto paper
Magnetic storage
Stores data using magnetic fields
Modem
Device converts digital signal into analogue signal
Modular design
Built of separate components for easy upgrading/maintenance
Motherboard
Large piece of circuitry with slots and connectors for different peripharels
Optical Storage
Store using lasers
Peripharels
Devices connected to computer
Router
Makes communication between networks over internet possible
Solid State Drive (SSD)
Stores data electronically
Synchronize
Getting two sets of the same file on different devices to stay updated. Can be done over cable, WiFi or internet
Touch pad
Rectangular pressure pads in laptops used for input
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
Port that variety of devices connect to
USB Hub
Extends a USB port
Device drivers
Allows operating system to communicate with devices
Disk management
Function in operating system that manages storage. How data is stored, how and wen programs can access it
Embedded operating system
Installed on internal memory chips. Not loaded from disk
GUI
Graphical User Interface. Makes visual controls allowing the user to interact with the computer
Input/Output management
Manages how programs use input/output devices
Memory management
Manages how programs use RAM
NOS
Network Operating System. Operating system with additional resources allowing it to control shared resources
Operating system
System software that controls all activities on computer and manages software and hardware.
Process and task management
Manages the CPU and how it runs programs
System Software
Software that controls, supports or operates the computer
Utilities
Programs the perform maintenance and administration tasks
Effective Computer management
Starts from time of purchase. Some once-off and others ongoing
Control panel
Customize nearly every Windows setting
Administrator account
Allows account holder to make changes to system and users
Archiving
Storing static files usually onto DVD
Disk cleanup
Removes: Temporary internet files Recycle bin files Temporary Windows files Unused Windows components Unused programs
Disk defragmentation
Reorganize parts of files on disk
Disk fragmentation
File parts scattered on disk
Drivers
Software allows operating system to speak to devices
Firewall
Controls which programs can access internet and hides computer
Installation wizard
Presents you with options and performs application installation
Plug-and-Play
Devices are automatically detected and configured
WinZip
Most widely used utility to compress files
DPI
Dots per inch(printing)
DP
Dot Pitch(screen)
General purpose
Perform more than one function
Servers
Powerful computers used in network environments that help run linked computers
Input
Used to give computer instructions. Provides data
Sync
File copied from one device to another over cable, WiFi or Internet (e.g. Google Drive)
Computer management
Starts from time computer starts first time. Some one-off and some ongoing. Can be unique
Control panel
Change settings and properties
