Theory Flashcards
Från extentor
What is meant by the principle of microscopic reversibility?
If there’s only one path to go between reactants and products. The mechanism in one direction is the complete reverse as the mechanism in the other direction.
Not applicable to reactions that start with photochemical excitation
Explain what is meant by specific acid catalysis.
First a fast equilibrium protonation step, then the RDS (which involve the protonated species)
Generates better electrophiles
Explain what is meant by specific base catalysis.
First deptotonation of the species acting Nu, then the RDS (which involves the deprotonated species)
Explain what is meant by general base catalysis.
Proton transferr occurs in RDS. Is dependant on the base concentration
Explain what is meant by general acid catalysis.
Proton transfer at RDS, using weak acid
Define the “green chemistry concept” atom economy.
AE = Mw desired product / ∑ (Mw reagents) × 100%
Define the green chemistry concept “reaction mass efficiency” (RME).
RME = m(product) / ∑m(reactants)
More exact than AE but must have performed the experiment first (tar hänsyn till stökeometri & utbyte)
What is meant by [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrengement?
A pericyclic reaction were one single bond is formed and one broken. The new bond has a 3,3-relationship to the old bond.
What is meant by cycloadditions?
Two new sigma bonds are formed or broken
What is meant by electrocyclic reactions?
One new sigma bond is formed or broken
Vilka orbitaler reagerar från dien och dienofil i Diels Alder?
HOMO på dien och LUMO på dienofil
Hur påverkas stereokemin i Diels-Alder
Stereospecifik (atomer som sitter cis i reaktanter sitter cis i produkten)
Define the green chemistry metric PMI
Pmi = process mass index
